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Effects of vitamin E and selenium on allergic rhinitis and asthma pathophysiology Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Jinan Jiang; Entezar Mehrabi Nasab; Seyyede Masoume Athari; Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
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Lung function and respiratory muscle strength and their relationship with weightlifting strength and body composition in non-athletic males Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Daniel A. Hackett; Angelo Sabag
The aim of this study was to examine whether lung function and respiratory muscle strength are associated with weightlifting strength and body composition in non-athletic males. A total 51 males with resistance training experience participated. One-repetition maximum tests were performed for the bench press, squat and deadlift and body composition was assessed. Lung function was evaluated with a pulmonary
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Acute thoracoabdominal and hemodynamic responses to tapered flow resistive loading in healthy adults Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 James Manifield; Nikolaos Chynkiamis; Charikleia Alexiou; Dimitrios Megaritis; Emily Hume; Gill Barry; Ioannis Vogiatzis
We investigated the acute physiological responses of tapered flow resistive loading (TFRL) at 30, 50 and 70 % maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax) in 12 healthy adults to determine an optimal resistive load. Increased end-inspiratory rib cage and decreased end-expiratory abdominal volumes equally contributed to the expansion of thoracoabdominal tidal volume (captured by optoelectronic plethysmography)
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Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition improves cerebrovascular control during exercise in male rats with heart failure Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Alec L.E. Butenas; Trenton D. Colburn; Dryden R. Baumfalk; Carl J. Ade; K. Sue Hageman; Steven W. Copp; David C. Poole; Timothy I. Musch
We investigated the effects of chronic (∼7 weeks) treatment with the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor Captopril in rats with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HF-rEF) on brain blood flow (BF; radiolabeled microspheres) at rest and during submaximal exercise. We hypothesized that middle cerebral, posterior cerebral, and cerebellar BF during submaximal exercise (20 m/min, 5%
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Is the probable spillage of the lung surfactant dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine the ultimate source of diabetes type 1? Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Ran Arieli; Soliman Khatib; Aatef Khattib; Elena Bukovetzky; Orna Dally Gottfried
The lung surfactant dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) most probably leaks into the blood, settling on the luminal aspect of blood vessels to create active hydrophobic spots (AHS). Nanobubbles are formed at these spots from dissolved gas. We hypothesized that when a large molecule in the blood comes into contact with a nanobubble at the AHS, its tertiary structure is disrupted. An epitope not previously
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Protective effect of toll-interacting protein overexpression against paraquat-induced lung injury in mice and A549 cells through inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, and NF-κB signaling pathway Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-14 Qiang Zheng; Zhenning Liu; Haitao Shen; Xiao Hu; Min Zhao
Toll-interacting protein (Tollip) is a pivotal negative regulator of inflammatory response. In the present study, the effects of Tollip overexpression on paraquat (PQ)-induced lung injury were explored through in vivo and in vitro investigations. Upon stimulation with PQ in mice, the expression of Tollip was down-regulated. Histopathological analysis revealed that the overexpression of Tollip significantly
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Functional foods from the tropics to relieve chronic normobaric hypoxia Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-14 Naga K.R. Ghattamaneni; Lindsay Brown
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Use of capnography to verify emergency ventilator sharing in the COVID-19 era Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-24 Anita Korsós; Ferenc Peták; Roberta Südy; Álmos Schranc; Gergely H. Fodor; Barna Babik
Exacerbation of COVID-19 pandemic may lead to acute shortage of ventilators, which may require shared use of ventilator as a lifesaving concept. Two model lungs were ventilated with one ventilator to i) test the adequacy of individual tidal volumes via capnography, ii) assess cross-breathing between lungs, and iii) offer a simulation-based algorithm for ensuring equal tidal volumes. Ventilation asymmetry
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Single and sequential voluntary cough in children with chronic spinal cord injury Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-24 Goutam Singh; Beatrice Ugiliweneza; Scott Bickel; Andrea L. Behrman
We investigated the impact of spinal cord injury (SCI) on cough capacity in 10 children (Mean ± SD, age 8 ± 4 years) and compared it to 15 typically developing children (age 8 ± 3 years). Participants underwent spirometry, single and sequential cough assessment with surface-electromyography from respiratory muscles. Inspiratory phase duration, inspiratory phase peak flow, inspiratory phase rise time
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Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on resolvin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in patients with obstructive sleep apnea Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-25 Ching-Chi Lin; Wei-Ji Chen; Yi-Kun Sun; Chung-Hsin Chiu; Mei-Wei Lin; I-Shiang Tzeng
Purpose Resolvin is a checkpoint controller in inflammation. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is an airway remodeling regulator. We evaluated the levels of resolvin and MMP-9 protein in the serum and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) before and after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. Method We enrolled 20 non-OSA snorers and 40 patients with moderate to severe OSA scheduled for
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The effects of NO on the urea cycle pathway in short-term intermittent hypobaric hypoxia in rats Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-14 Hayarpi Javrushyan; Nikolay Avtandilyan; Armen Trchounian
Short-term hypoxic states can influence the health and life activities of lowlanders who travel shortly to high altitudes, in transitory situations, such as surgical ischemia-reperfusion (to one or several organs), and in some sporting activities, such as parachuting and extreme skiing, mountain rescue teams, regular commercial flight crews, in which the subject may not even notice the hypoxia. NO
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Inhaled albuterol increases estimated ventilatory capacity in nonasthmatic children without and with obesity Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-07 Daniel P. Wilhite; Dharini M. Bhammar; Bryce N. Balmain; Tanya Martinez-Fernandez; Tony G. Babb
Forced mid-expiratory flow (i.e., isoFEF25−75) may increase with a short-acting β2-agonist in nonasthmatic children without bronchodilator responsiveness. This could also increase estimated ventilatory capacity along mid-expiration (V̇Ecap25−75), especially in vulnerable children with obesity who exhibit altered breathing mechanics. We estimated V̇Ecap25−75 pre- and post-albuterol treatment in 8−12yo
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Influence of exertional hypoxemia on cerebral oxygenation in fibrotic interstitial lung disease Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-15 Mathieu Marillier; Anne-Catherine Bernard; Samuel Verges; Onofre Moran-Mendoza; Denis E. O’Donnell; J. Alberto Neder
It is unknown whether hypoxemia, a hallmark of fibrotic interstitial lung disease (f-ILD), may impair cerebral oxygenation during exercise in these patients. Twenty-seven patients [23 males, 72 ± 8 years, lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) = 44 ± 11 % predicted] and 12 controls performed an incremental bicycle test. Prefrontal oxygenation [tissue saturation index (TSI)] was assessed
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Analysis of inspiratory and expiratory muscles using ultrasound in rats: A reproducible and non-invasive tool to study respiratory function Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-07 Abdallah Fayssoil; Pauline Michel-Flutot; Frédéric Lofaso; Robert Carlier; Mostafa El Hajjam; Stéphane Vinit; Arnaud Mansart
Ultrasound imaging is a non-invasive technique to assess organ function. Its potential application in rodents to evaluate respiratory function remains poorly investigated. We aimed to assess and validate ultrasound technique in rats to analyze inspiratory and expiratory muscles. We measured respiratory parameters to provide normal eupneic values. Histological studies and plethysmography were used to
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Modeling the depletion and reconstitution of W′: Effects of prior exercise on cycling tolerance Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-30 Paulo Cesar do Nascimento Salvador; Ricardo Dantas de Lucas; Lisa Schäfer; Luiz Guilherme Antonacci Guglielmo; Bruno Grassi; Benedito Sérgio Denadai
Thirteen healthy male subjects (age 28 ± 7 years) performed tests for critical power and W′ determination and two square-wave high-intensity exercises until exhaustion either with prior very-heavy intensity cycling (EXP) or without (CON). Prior exercise bout induced a depletion of 60 % of W′. After 10 min of recovery, W′ reconstitution was not fully achieved (∼ 92 %). Time to exhaustion and Δ blood
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Limitations of surface EMG estimate of parasternal intercostal to infer neural respiratory drive Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-05 Giovanni Tagliabue; Michael Ji; Jenny V. Suneby Jagers; WooSurng Lee; Devin Dean; Dan J. Zuege; Eric R. Wilde; Paul A. Easton
Background Recently, surface EMG of parasternal intercostal muscle has been incorporated in the "ERS Statement of Respiratory Muscle Testing" as a clinical technique to monitor the neural respiratory drive (NRD). However, the anatomy of the parasternal muscle risks confounding EMG "crosstalk" activity from neighboring muscles. Objectives To determine if surface “parasternal” EMG: 1) reliably estimates
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Effects of obesity on the oxygen cost of breathing in children Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-30 Dharini M. Bhammar; Tony G. Babb
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of obesity on the oxygen (O2) cost of breathing using the eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea (EVH) technique in 10- and 11-year-old children. Seventeen children (8 without and 9 with obesity) underwent EVH trials at two levels of ventilation for assessing the O2 cost of breathing (slope of oxygen uptake, V˙O2 vs. minute ventilation) and a dual energy
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A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF PULMONARY RAPIDLY ADAPTING RECEPTORS Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-09 Yu Jerry
Bronchopulmonary mechanosensors play an important role in the regulation of breathing and airway defense. Regarding the mechanosensory unit, investigators have conventionally adhered to 2 doctrines: one-sensor theory (one afferent fiber connects to a single sensor) and line-labeled theory. Accordingly, lung inflation activates 2 types of mechanosensors: slowly adapting receptors (SARs) and rapidly
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Disruption of tph1 genes demonstrates the importance of serotonin in regulating ventilation in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-30 Yihang Kevin Pan; Greg Jensen; Steve F. Perry
Serotonergic neuroepithelial cells (NECs) in larval zebrafish are believed to be O2 chemoreceptors. Serotonin (5-HT) within these NECs has been implicated as a neurotransmitter mediating the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR). Here, we use knockout approaches to discern the role of 5-HT in regulating the HVR by targeting the rate limiting enzyme for 5-HT synthesis, tryptophan hydroxylase (Tph). Using
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Lactate does not activate the carotid body of Wistar rat Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Pedro F. Spiller; Melina P. da Silva; Davi J.A. Moraes
The carotid body's glomus cells are the primary sensors of hypoxia in mammals. Previous studies suggested that the glomus cells' hypoxia sensitivity is mediated by lactate in mice. This molecule increases the intracellular [Ca2+] and induces exocytosis in glomus cells, activating the carotid sinus nerve (the axons of chemoreceptive petrosal neurons). On the other hand, how lactate affects the activity
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Breathing patterns in relation to sleep stages in acute unilateral lateral medullary infarction: An exploratory study Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-30 Katja Pavšič; Janja Pretnar-Oblak; Fajko F. Bajrović; Leja Dolenc-Grošelj
Our aim was to perform an exploratory study of various irregular breathing patterns (IBPs) across different sleep stages in patients with acute unilateral lateral medullary infarction (ULMI) and compare them to apparently healthy individuals. Polysomnography (PSG) was analyzed for IBPs, such as periodic breathing, ataxic breathing and tachypnea. IBPs were found in 52 % of healthy and 90 % of ULMI subjects
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Acute effects of inspiratory loading in older women: Where the breath meets the heart Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-26 Gabriel Dias Rodrigues; Jonas Lírio Gurgel; Thiago Rodrigues Gonçalves; Pedro Paulo da Silva Soares
We tested the hypothesis that inspiratory resistive loading (IRL) increases vagal-mediated complexity of heart rate variability (HRV) in older women. We recorded heart rate continually during 30 breaths with Sham or IRL (30 % of maximal inspiratory pressure) in sitting position. The normalized spectral power in the low (LFn) and high (HFn) frequency bands and the symbolic dynamics measures for 0 V
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Inhalation airflow and ventilation efficiency in subject-specific human upper airways Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-16 Chang Xu; Nguyen Dang Khoa; Sung-Jun Yoo; Xin Zheng; Shifei Shen; Kazuhide Ito
The present numerical study investigated the transportation time of the inhaled chemicals in three realistic human airway models by adopting a methodology from the field of the building ventilation. Two indexes including “scale of ventilation efficiency 3 (SVE3)” and “local purging flow rate (L-PFR)” were used to evaluate the respective arrival time and staying time under different inhalation flow
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Increased ratio of P[v-a]CO2 to C[a-v]O2 without global hypoxia: the case of metformin-induced lactic acidosis Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-14 Davide T Andreis; Jihad Mallat; Mauro Tettamanti; Carlo Chiarla; Ivo Giovannini; Stefano Gatti; Alessandro Protti
The ratio of venoarterial CO2 tension to arteriovenous O2 content difference (P[v-a]CO2/C[a-v]O2) increases when lactic acidosis is due to inadequate oxygen supply (hypoxia); we aimed to verify whether it also increases when lactic acidosis develops because of mitochondrial dysfunction (dysoxia) with constant oxygen delivery. Twelve anaesthetised, mechanically ventilated pigs were intoxicated with
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Pleural effusion osmolality correlation with pH and glucose level of pleural fluid and its effects on the pleural membrane permeability Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-12 Vasiliki-Georgia Peppa; Evgeniy I. Solenov; Ioannis Kalomenidis; Irene Tsilioni; Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis; Chrissi Hatzoglou; Sotirios G. Zarogiannis
Background and aim Pleural effusions (PE) are a common clinical entity resulting from pathologies that affect the pleural space such as congestive heart failure, malignancy and pneumonia. The osmolality of the pleural fluid has never been studied as well as the effects of its changes on the pleural membrane. The purpose of this study was to identify the osmolality levels of PEs of different etiologies
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Hypoxia and its preconditioning on cardiac and vascular remodelling in experimental animals Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-27 Shrilaxmi Bagali; Kusal K. Das
Since oxygen (O2) is indispensable for mammalian life, every cell in the body is endowed with mechanisms to detect and to respond to changes in the O2 levels in the microenvironment. The heart and the brain are the two most vital, life-supporting organs requiring a continuous supply of O2 to sustain their high metabolic rate. On being challenged with hypoxia, maintenance of O2 supply to these organs
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The effects of different ventilatory modes in female adult rats submitted to mechanical ventilation Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-14 Matheus Rocha Almeida; Jacques Gabriel Álvares Horta; Natália Alves de Matos; Ana Beatriz Farias de Souza; Thalles de Freitas Castro; Leandro da Silva Cândido; Mônica Campos Andrade; Sílvia Dantas Cangussú; Guilherme de Paula Costa; André Talvani; Frank Silva Bezerra
This study aimed to analyze the effects of volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) and pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) modes in female Wistar rats. 18 Wistar female adult rats were divided into three groups: control (CG), pressure-controlled ventilation (PCVG), and volume-controlled ventilation (VCVG). PCVG and VCVG were submitted to MV for one hour with a tidal volume (TV) of 8 mL/Kg, respiratory
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Study of the common activating mechanism of apoptosis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in alveolar type II epithelial cells Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-13 Jiali Wang; Tianjiao Xue; Huan Ye; Chen Sang; Shuai Wu; Shanshan Li
Infection and severe trauma can result in acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) and eventually pulmonary fibrosis. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is related to pulmonary fibrosis. Our study found that pyocyanin (PCN) could promote apoptosis and EMT in alveolar type II epithelial A549 cells. We hypothesized that there might be a common mechanism related to both
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Effect of prenatal cigarette smoke exposure on sevoflurane-induced respiratory suppression in neonatal rats and the protective role of hydrogen sulfide Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-13 Ji Wang; Fang Lei; Ya-ting Fu; Yu Zheng
Prenatal cigarette smoke (CS) exposure causes numerous respiratory health problems in infants. This study aimed to investigate the effect of prenatal CS exposure on sevoflurane-induced respiratory suppression in neonatal rats and the protective role of H2S. We found that at baseline, minute ventilation (V’E), respiratory frequency (fR), and tidal volume (VT) were similar among tested groups, whereas
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Diaphragmatic thickening fraction as a potential predictor of response to continuous positive airway pressure ventilation in Covid-19 pneumonia: A single-center pilot study Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-13 Francesco Corradi; Luigi Vetrugno; Daniele Orso; Tiziana Bove; Annia Schreiber; Enrico Boero; Gregorio Santori; Alessandro Isirdi; Greta Barbieri; Francesco Forfori
Background In a variable number of Covid-19 patients with acute respiratory failure, non-invasive breathing support strategies cannot provide adequate oxygenation, thus making invasive mechanical ventilation necessary. Factors predicting this unfavorable outcome are unknown, but we hypothesized that diaphragmatic weakness may contribute. Methods We prospectively analyzed the data of 27 consecutive
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Amelioration of airway inflammation and pulmonary edema by Teucrium stocksianum via attenuation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and up-regulation of AQP1 and AQP5 Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 Basma Ijaz; Arham Shabbir; Muhammad Shahzad; Aisha Mobashar; Marriam Sharif; Muhammad Irfan Basheer; Rasool Baksh Tareen; Nawazish-i-Husain Syed
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Neti pot irrigation volume filling simulation using anatomically accurate in-vivo nasal airway geometry Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-05 Hana Salati; Jim Bartley; Sina G. Yazdi; Mark Jermy; David E. White
Nasal saline irrigation is frequently utilised in rhinosinusitis management, and after nasal and sinus surgery. Nasal saline irrigation improves mucociliary transport and assists inflammatory mediator and post-surgical debris removal. The aim of this study was to assess the influence different head positions, irrigation inflow nostril, and the nasal cycle have on Neti pot nasal saline volume filling
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Cyclooxygenase and nitric oxide synthase pathways mediate the respiratory effects of TNF-α in rats Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-05 Nina Pavlovna Aleksandrova; Anna Andreevna Klinnikova; Galina Anatolevna Danilova
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Impact of upper airway configuration on CPAP titration assessed by CT during Müller's maneuver in OSA patients Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-21 Han-Sheng Xie; Gong-Ping Chen; Jie-feng Huang; Jian-Ming Zhao; Ai-Ming Zeng; Bi-Ying Wang; Qi-Chang Lin
Purpose Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the current gold-standard treatment for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and upper airway anatomy plays an increasingly important role in evaluating the efficacy of CPAP therapy. The aim of this observational study was to investigate the influence of upper airway anatomy on CPAP titration in OSA patients assessed by computed tomography
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Elevated exercise ventilation in mild COPD is not linked to enhanced central chemosensitivity Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-05 Devin B Phillips; Nicolle J Domnik; Amany F Elbehairy; Megan E Preston; Kathryn M Milne; Matthew D James; Sandra G. Vincent; Megha Ibrahim-Masthan; J Alberto Neder; Denis E O’Donnell
Background The purpose of this study was to determine if altered central chemoreceptor characteristics contributed to the elevated ventilation relative to carbon dioxide production (V̇E/V̇CO2) response during exercise in mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Twenty-nine mild COPD and 19 healthy age-matched control participants undertook lung function testing followed by symptom-limited
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Permanent diaphragmatic deficits and spontaneous respiratory plasticity in a mouse model of incomplete cervical spinal cord injury Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-02 Pauline Michel-Flutot; Arnaud Mansart; Therese B. Deramaudt; Isley Jesus; Kun-Ze Lee; Marcel Bonay; Stéphane Vinit
High spinal cord injuries (SCI) lead to permanent respiratory insufficiency, and the search for new therapeutics to restore this function is essential. To date, the most documented preclinical model for high SCI is the rat cervical C2 hemisection. However, molecular studies with this SCI model are limited due to the poor availability of genetically modified specimens. The aim of this work was to evaluate
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Bulbospinal connections to intercostal motoneurones following a chronic lateral spinal cord lesion Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Timothy W. Ford; Peter A. Kirkwood
Previous evidence from electrophysiological experiments in anaesthetized cats with a chronic lateral lesion of the lower thoracic spinal cord indicated an expansion of the functional projections of expiratory bulbospinal neurones (EBSNs) in the segment above the lesion, measured at 16 weeks post-lesion. Here we investigate connections made by the same EBSNs to motoneurones in that segment, using cross-correlations
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Airflow dynamics and exhaled-breath temperature following cold-water ingestion Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-24 Nicholas B. Tiller; Louise A. Turner; John Hart; Richard Casaburi
Introduction Drinking cold water evokes decreases in spirometric indices of lung function. We studied whether this could be explained by changes in exhaled-breath temperature (EBT), airflow dynamics, and spirometer measurement sensitivity. Methods In a randomized/crossover design, 10 healthy adults consumed 1000 mL refrigerated water (2.1 ± 0.64 °C) or water at room temperature (19.4 ± 0.5 °C), with
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The pontine Kölliker-Fuse nucleus gates facial, hypoglossal, and vagal upper airway related motor activity Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-11 M. Dutschmann; T.G. Bautista; P. Trevizan-Baú; R.R. Dhingra; W.I. Furuya
The pontine Kölliker-Fuse nucleus (KFn) is a core nucleus of respiratory network that mediates the inspiratory-expiratory phase transition and gates eupneic motor discharges in the vagal and hypoglossal nerves. In the present study, we investigated whether the same KFn circuit may also gate motor activities that control the resistance of the nasal airway, which is of particular importance in rodents
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Respiratory function, autonomic dysfunction, and systemic inflammation are closely linked in patients with COPD and tidal flow limitation: An exploratory study Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-19 Claudio Tantucci; Damiano Bottone; Guido Levi; Silvia Uccelli; Nicola Venturoli; Roberto Magri; Emirena Garrafa; Laura Pini
Rationale The study aimed to investigate the interplay among respiratory function, autonomic dysfunction, and systemic inflammation in COPD patients. Methods In 19 COPD patients, functional respiratory parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), and plasma high-sensitivity-C-reactive-protein (hs-CRP) were assessed. Forced oscillation technique (FOT) was used to detect the absence (NFL) or presence (FL)
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Esophageal and transdiaphragmatic pressure swings as indices of inspiratory effort Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 Katerina Vaporidi; Stella Soundoulounaki; Eleftherios Papadakis; Evangelia Akoumianaki; Eumorfia Kondili; Dimitris Georgopoulos
Aim To describe the correlation between the inspiratory esophageal and transdiaphragmatic pressure swings (ΔPes and ΔPdi), easily measured indices of inspiratory effort, with the gold-standard, the transdiaphragmatic pressure time product (PTPPdi/min), and assess the accuracy of swing pressures in predicting very high or low effort. Method Retrospective analysis of data from patients enrolled in four
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Micrometer aerosol deposition in normal and emphysematous subacinar models Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-09-30 Jinxiang Xi; Mohamed Talaat; Xiuhua April Si; Hiroko Kitaoka
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Effects of inspiratory muscle training on resting breathing pattern in patients with advanced lung disease Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-03 Mariana Hoffman; Danielle S.R. Vieira; Bruna M.F. Silveira; Valéria M. Augusto; Verônica F. Parreira
Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of interval high intensity inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on resting breathing pattern in patients with advanced lung disease. Methods IMT was performed daily and training load set at 50 % of the maximal inspiratory pressure. Participants were evaluated at pre-IMT, post 8 weeks of IMT and follow-up (3 months after the end of IMT). Breathing pattern
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Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: An exploratory cross-sectional study Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-08 Vlasios Skopas; Dimitrios Papadopoulos; Nikolaos Trakas; Eleni Papaefstathiou; Charalampos Koufopoulos; Demosthenes Makris; Zoe Daniil; Konstantinos Gourgoulianis
We aimed to evaluate differences in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes between patients hospitalized for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and other lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Based on self-reported COPD diagnosis, 71 participants were divided into AECOPD (n = 38, 29 males, mean age 70.5 years) and LRTI (n = 33, 12 males, mean age 70.4 years)
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Machine learning-based data analytic approaches for evaluating post-natal mouse respiratory physiological evolution Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-09-30 Wesley Wang; Diego Alzate-Correa; Michele Joana Alves; Mikayla Jones; Alfredo J. Garcia; Jing Zhao; Catherine Miriam Czeisler; José Javier Otero
Respiratory parameters change during post-natal development, but the nature of their changes have not been well-described. The advent of commercially available plethysmographic instruments provided improved repeatability of measurements and standardization of measured breathing in mice across laboratories. These technologies thus allowed for exploration of more precise respiratory pattern changes during
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Impact of obstructive sleep apnea on cardiopulmonary performance, endothelial dysfunction, and pulmonary hypertension during exercise Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Rachel Jen; Jeremy E. Orr; Dillon Gilbertson; Janelle Fine; Yanru Li; Darrin Wong; Naa-Oye Bosompra; Susan R. Hopkins; Ajit Raisinghani; Atul Malhotra
Rationale OSA has been associated with reduced exercise capacity. Endothelial dysfunction and exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension (ePH) may be mediators of this impairment. We hypothesized that OSA severity would be associated with impaired exercise performance, endothelial dysfunction, and ePH. Methods Subjects with untreated OSA were recruited. Subjects underwent endothelial function, and cardiopulmonary
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Nasal cavity airflow: Comparing laser doppler anemometry and computational fluid dynamic simulations. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 M Berger,M Pillei,A Mehrle,W Recheis,F Kral,M Kraxner,Z Bardosi,W Freysinger
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Autophagy inhibition protects from alveolar barrier dysfunction in LPS-induced ALI mice by targeting alveolar epithelial cells. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-09-18 Liang Guo,Xueling Wu,Shengtao Zhao,Xin Zhang,Guisheng Qian,Shaoying Li
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether autophagy is enhanced in alveolar epithelial cells as well as its role in alveolar barrier function of in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI mice. Materials and methods Autophagy inhibitors, including 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and chloroquine (CLQ), and LPS were intraperitoneally administered to mice. Histological evaluation and confocal microscopy
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Volume feedback during cough in anesthetized cats, effects of occlusions and modulation summary. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Ivan Poliacek,Marcel Veternik,Lukas Martvon,Michal Simera,Teresa Pitts,Zuzana Kotmanova,Lucia Babalova,Olga Kralikova,Lucia Cibulkova,Jan Jakus,Jana Plevkova
The study investigates the effects of 6 occlusion conditions on the mechanically induced cough reflex in 15 anesthetized (pentobarbital) spontaneously breathing cats (14♂, 1♀). Esophageal pressure and integrated EMG activities of inspiratory (I) diaphragm and expiratory (E) abdominal muscles were recorded and analyzed. Occlusions: inspiratory (Io), continual I (cIo), during I and active E (I+Eo) cough
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2): COVID 19 gate way to multiple organ failure syndromes. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-09-18 Sundareswaran Loganathan,Kuppusamy Maheshkumar,Wankupar Wankhar,Krishna Rao Gurugubelli,Vidyashree Hodagatta Mahadevappa,Lhakit Lepcha,Arbind Kumar Choudhary
Background Globally, the current medical emergency for novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) leads to respiratory distress syndrome and death. Purpose This review highlighted the effect of COVID-19 on systemic multiple organ failure syndromes. This review is intended to fill a gap in information about human physiological response to COVID-19 infections. This review may shed some light on other potential
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Effects of high-intensity interval exercise under hyperoxia on HSP27 and oxidative stress responses. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-09-11 Michihiro Kon,Kosuke Taniguchi,Yoshiko Ebi,Kohei Nakagaki
Hypoxia in working muscles during exercise may be associated with increased oxidative stress. Inhalation of hyperoxic gas diminishes the hypoxia within working muscles during exercise. Exposure to hyperoxia increases the expression of the antioxidant HSP27. We investigated the effects of acute high-intensity interval exercise (HIE) under hyperoxia on HSP27 levels and oxidative stress responses. Eight
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Differences in the point of optimal ventilatory efficiency and the anaerobic threshold in untrained adults aged 50 to 60 years. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-08-05 Martin Pühringer,Susanne Ring-Dimitriou,Thomas Stöggl,Bernhard Iglseder,Bernhard Paulweber
Background The point of optimal ventilatory efficiency (POE) and the anaerobic threshold (AT) are traditionally considered the same ventilatory indices, but recently differences between them have been reported. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify different response patterns regarding POE and AT, and to analyse differences in breathing patterns as a possible explanation. Methods 118 females
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Antioxidant MnTBAP does not protect adult mice from neonatal hyperoxic lung injury. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-09-11 Sergei Kiskurno,Rita M Ryan,Babu Paturi,Huamei Wang,Vasantha Hs Kumar
Background Oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation are important predisposing factors for the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), leading to increased morbidity and mortality in premature infants. Oxygen toxicity mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play an important part in the development of BPD. We studied the effects of MnTBAP, a catalytic antioxidant on airway responsiveness
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Galactin-1, 3 and 9: Potential biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and other interstitial lung diseases. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-09-11 Miriana d'Alessandro,Elda De Vita,Laura Bergantini,Maria Antonietta Mazzei,Simona di Valvasone,Manuela Bonizzoli,Adriano Peris,Piersante Sestini,Elena Bargagli,David Bennett
Introduction Galectins are proteins that bind β-galactosides such as N-acetylactosamine present in N-linked and O-linked glycoproteins and that seem to be implicated fibrotic mechanisms. Here we aimed to define the role of serum galectins in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and idiopathic non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) by comparison with other chronic interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) and
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Assessment of PIV performance in validating CFD models from nasal cavity CBCT scans. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-07-30 Jaakko Ormiskangas,Olli Valtonen,Ilkka Kivekäs,Marc Dean,Dennis Poe,Jorma Järnstedt,Jukka Lekkala,Teemu Harju,Pentti Saarenrinne,Markus Rautiainen
Objective The aim of our study was to investigate how well Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements could serve Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model validation for nasal airflow. Material and methods : For the PIV measurements, a silicone model of the nose based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of a patient was made. Corresponding CFD calculations were conducted with laminar and
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Pulmonary function tests at low altitude predict pulmonary pressure response to short-term high altitude exposure. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Yuanqi Yang,Chuan Liu,Shiyong Yu,Zhexue Qin,Jie Yang,Shizhu Bian,Xubin Gao,Jihang Zhang,Mingdong Hu,Guoming Wu,Xiaohan Ding,Chen Zhang,Jingbin Ke,Fangzhengyuan Yuan,Jingdu Tian,Chunyan He,Rongsheng Rao,Lan Huang
Background: Travelling to high altitude (HA) presents a risk of the high levels of pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) at altitude, which is associated with impaired exercise capacity and fatal HA pulmonary oedema. However, prediction of high levels of PAP at altitude is still unclear. Methods: Echocardiography and pulmonary function tests were performed on 121 healthy men at low altitude (LA) and 4100
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Hemostasis in highlanders with excessive erythrocytosis at 5100 m: Preliminary data from the highest city of the world. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-08-29 Ivan Hancco,Benoit Champigneulle,Emeric Stauffer,Aurélien Pichon,Paul Robach,Julien V Brugniaux,Yann Savina,Stéphane Doutreleau,Philippe Connes,Samuel Vergès
Little is known about hemostasis modifications induced by chronic hypoxic exposure in high-altitude residents, especially in those who develop excessive erythrocytosis (EE, i.e. hemoglobin concentration ≥ 21 g·dL−1 in male and ≥ 19 g·dL-1 in female). The aim of this preliminary study was to assess coagulation alterations in highlanders with or without EE using simple hemostatic tests such as bleeding
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Acute effect of inspiratory resistive loading on sprint interval exercise performance in team-sport athletes. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-08-19 Ching-Feng Cheng,Wei-Chieh Hsu,Yu-Hsuan Kuo,Tzu-Wei Chen,Yu-Chi Kuo
This study examined acute effects of inspiratory resistive loading (IRL) during rest intervals on sprint interval exercise (SIE) performance. In a randomized crossover design, nine collegiate basketball players performed IRL (15 cmH2O) or passive recovery (CON) at 5-min rest intervals during and immediately after 6 sets of a 30-s SIE test. Performance, muscular oxygenation of vastus lateralis, blood
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Inspiratory neural drive and dyspnea in interstitial lung disease: Effect of inhaled fentanyl. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-08-03 Kathryn M Milne,Megha Ibrahim-Masthan,Robin E Scheeren,Matthew D James,Devin B Phillips,Onofre Moran-Mendoza,Neder Ja,Denis E O'Donnell
Background Exertional dyspnea in interstitial lung disease (ILD) remains difficult to manage despite advances in disease-targeted therapies. Pulmonary opioid receptors present a potential therapeutic target for nebulized fentanyl to provide dyspnea relief. Methods ILD patients were characterized with reference to healthy volunteers. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover comparison
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Respiratory pathology in the Optn-/- mouse model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-08-14