ABSTRACT Primary objective: In this research we set out to gain further understanding of the experiences of students participating in secondary and tertiary education following TBI: exploring academic and non-academic factors, as well as changes in experiences over time. Methods and procedures: A longitudinal, qualitative investigation was completed. 12 students (17–32 years) completed up to three

ABSTRACT Objectives: This is the first study to estimate prevalence of self-reported personality change (PC) in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods developed in traumatic brain injury studies explore physical, and psychosocial triggers for PC judgments. Participants: 69 MS clinic attendees living with their partner. Measures: Participants rated the degree of PC. 28 Current and pre-MS characteristics

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate differences in frequent pain or headaches and associated neurobehavioral symptoms among men, women, and transgender individuals with and without a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Setting: Community Participants: English and Spanish-speaking adults (n = 2,862) with and without self-reported TBI Design: Cross-sectional study Main Measures: Behavioral Assessment

ABSTRACT Aim Nail guns are important time saving devices but are associated with morbidity and mortality. Specifically, craniocerebral injuries have been reported in the literature since 1963 and have increased in frequency as the use of these tools has become commonplace. There remains a paucity of literature comprehensively assessing nail gun injuries, as compared with other penetrating craniocerebral

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the feasibility of conducting an aerobic exercise training study in a community setting for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, and controlled study. Nine participants (three moderate-to-severe and six mild TBI) were randomized to a community-based 3-month individualized aerobic exercise training program (AET). Seven

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the multiple and sometimes conflicting roles substitute decision makers (SDMs) of individuals in a vegetative state (VS), minimally conscious state (MCS), or with locked-in syndrome (LIS) perform while caring for a loved one and the competing priorities derived from these roles. Methods: We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews using a constructive-grounded

ABSTRACT Primary Objective: To understand the experiences of family members of individuals in a locked-in state (LIS), minimally conscious state (MCS), or vegetative state (VS) with the health-care system when caring for their family member. Research Design: The study adopted a qualitative descriptive approach drawing on central tenets of constructivist grounded theory described by Charmaz. Our analysis

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the concurrent validity and test re-test reliability of the Michigan Traumatic Brain Injury Identication Method (MTBIIM). The psychometric properties of this concussion index were investigated by comparing the agreement between player self-reported diagnosed concussions and medical record diagnosed concussions among professional rugby union players. Study Design: Cross-sectional

(2020). Essentials of neuropsychological rehabilitation. Brain Injury. Ahead of Print.

ABSTRACT Background Patient Competency Rating Scale (PCRS-R-BR) is a clinical tool to evaluate the degree of competence in cognitive skills perceived by patients with brain injuries. However, no studies have investigated the influence of sociodemographic variables on self-report and self-awareness of healthy individuals. Aim This study aimed to (1) present normative data from the PCRS-R-BR in a healthy

ABSTRACT Objective: Develop and validate the Behavioral Assessment Screening Tool for Adolescents with brain injury. Setting: Concussion clinics Participants: Adolescents with mild traumatic brain injury 3 months after initial concussion clinic visit (n = 138). Design: Assessment development and validation (cross-sectional cohort) study Main Measures: Behavioral Assessment Screening Tool – Adolescent

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study evaluated the factor structure of the Perceptions of Concussion Inventory for Athletes (PCI-A) using exploratory factor analytic (EFA) techniques in a sample of collegiate student-athletes. Perception differences by sex and sport-related concussion (SRC) risk level were explored. Methods: This cross-sectional-design study included 298 male and 183 female collegiate student-athletes

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the predictive factors of functional independence in the basic activities of daily living during hospitalization, on the 10th and 28th day after stroke. Methods: A total of 433 patients (204 men and 229 women) took part. Functional independence data were collected using the Step 1 from an instrument called Stepwise. Analysis was conducted by

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize health services utilization among individuals hospitalized with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) 1-year post-injury. Methods: Using a retrospective cohort design, adult patients (n = 32, 042) hospitalized with a traumatic brain injury between 2005 and 2014 were selected from a statewide traumatic brain injury registry. Data on health services

ABSTRACT Objectives: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an increasingly significant health concern worldwide, compounded by the difficultly in detection and diagnosis. Fortunately, a growing body of research has identified oculomotor behavior, specifically fixations, saccades and smooth pursuit eye movements as a promising endophenotype for neurotrauma. To date, limited research exists using fixation

ABSTRACT Objective: We evaluated cognitive, emotional, and social function after encephalitis, as perceived and reported by individuals post-encephalitis and their relatives. Hypothesis: There will be differential effects on various domains as self-reported by individuals post-encephalitis. Outcomes will be worse than in prior studies of other forms of acute brain injury. Post-encephalitis relative-report

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine pain anxiety after acquired brain injury (ABI) and its relationship to rehabilitation outcomes. Materials and Method: Participants consisted of 89 adults with an ABI participating in outpatient rehabilitation therapy. They completed a battery of neuropsychological tests at baseline along with surveys of mood, health-related self-efficacy, and

ABSTRACT Background: Pupillary light reflex (PLR) is informative about patients with neurological injury. Automated pupillometry provides discrete variables such as dilation velocity (DV). The objective of this study is to determine association between DV and Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), for patients with acquired brain injury. Methods: There were 2,208 patients with acquired brain injury, pupillometer

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to do a literature review to prove the hypothesis that a change in autonomous nervous system regulation, more precisely a decrease in heart rate variability (HRV), is associated with a worse outcome and could be used as a prognostic factor in children with TBI. Methods Databases (Pubmed, World of Science and Scopus) studies were conducted from 1996 to 2017, considering

ABSTRACT Objective To systematically review the effects of exercise interventions that may enhance quality of life (QOL) in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods A systematic search was conducted using five databases up to April 2018. Studies were included if QOL was quantified following an exercise programme for people with a TBI. Methodological quality was assessed using a validated

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the relationships between (a) the psychological status of the caregiver, (b) the specific features of caregiving as perceived by the cognitive therapist in neuro-rehabilitation, (c) the caregivers’ subjective approach to neuro-rehabilitation, and (d) the functional outcome of the patient. Methods Twenty-four patients with severe acquired brain injury and their 24 caregivers

ABSTRACT Objective Persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS) often include attention deficits, particularly orienting and executive attention. Research in other clinical populations has demonstrated that neurofeedback therapy (NFT) is effective at improving orienting and executive attention, although its effects on attentional networks in patients with PPCS are unknown. Method In this single-group

ABSTRACT Objective To compare and contrast the contributory effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) on sexual function and social relationship opportunities, hypothesizing that patterns of change in sexual function would follow etiology. Design Cross-sectional, case-matched survey of community living individuals with TBI, SCI or both (termed dual diagnosis). Participants

ABSTRACT Background Previous analyses demonstrated a lack of unidimensionality, item redundancy, and substantial administrative burden for the Brain Injury Rehabilitation Trust Personality Questionnaires (BIRT-PQs). Objective To use Rasch Analysis to calibrate five short-forms of the BIRT-PQs, satisfying the Rasch model requirements. Methods BIRT-PQs data from 154 patients with severe Acquired Brain

ABSTRACT Sex-based differences have been reported in several TBI outcome studies, including studies of social functioning. In some studies, social outcomes have been evaluated via perceptual judgments on questionnaires, which may be influenced by stereotypes about acceptable behaviour for men and women. To explore potential sex-based rater bias in social judgments, we asked 68 typical undergraduates

ABSTRACT Objective: Using inpatient data from a 1,160-bed health system, we assessed the positive predictive value (PPV) of ICD-10-CM (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification) codes included in a traumatic brain injury (TBI) surveillance definition proposed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2016. Methods: A random sample of 196 records

ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate the effects of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (tES) on upper limb functional rehabilitation in a patient with traumatic brain injury (TBI), and to identify the optimum stimulation parameters of tES. Design: A preliminary case study. Methods: Two successive interventions: Phase I–voluntary physical training (vPT) and Phase II – tES along with vPT (tES+vPT)

ABSTRACT Objective Social cognitive deficits are prevalent after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite this, few remediation studies exist. This study aimed to demonstrate ‘proof of concept’ for a novel group treatment that comprehensively targeted the core processes of social cognition. Design Pre-post case study with two participants, “Greg” and “Aaron”, living with severe TBI, with three assessment

ABSTRACT In rugby union concussions are a player welfare concern, particularly in the community game where there is often minimal sideline medical support. New Zealand Rugby (NZR) has three primary goals around the management of concussions in the community game: (1) players with a suspected concussion are removed from the game or training; (2) players are referred into primary care for a diagnosis

ABSTRACT Aim: to assess overall clinical complexity of patients with acquired disorders of consciousness (DoC) in vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (VS/UWS) vs. minimally conscious state- MCS) and in different etiologies.. Design: Multi-center cross-sectional observational study. Setting: 23 intensive neurorehabilitation units. Subjects: 264 patients with DoC in the post-acute phase:

ABSTRACT Primary Objective: To identify how families experience cognitive-communication difficulties following Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Experiences of information, training and support for managing communication changes were also explored. Research Design: Qualitative focus group methodology using thematic analysis. Method: 15 family members of individuals with cognitive-communication difficulties

ABSTRACT Aim: to analyze the prevalence of nocturia and its possible neuro-urological correlations in patients with a history of acquired brain injury (ABI). Methods: a single-centre population-based prospective study involving outpatients who were previously admitted to our Rehabilitation Hospital for acute ABI ≥ 18 months and ≤2 years prior. Impact of nocturia on QoL was evaluated by the standardized

ABSTRACT Aim: To investigate the association of periodontitis to orofacial health-related systemic impairment in patients with acquired brain injury (ABI). Methods: Ninety individuals with ABI were included. Full mouth periodontal examination was performed. Orofacial health-related ‘motor’ and ‘cognitive’ scores, dysphagia and feeding status, onset of pneumonia were retrieved from e-journal. Factor

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the characteristics of head injury (HI) and its association with offending behaviour, psychological and neurobehavioral functioning, and cognitive performance in female prisoners. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, female prisoners in the UK reporting a HI with a loss of consciousness (LOC) over ten minutes (n = 10) were compared with a group without a HI with

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the feasibility, tolerability, and efficacy of twice-daily, low frequency (LF) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in the reduction of chronic post-concussion symptoms (PCS) in patients who have suffered a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Methods: 15 patients with mTBI received 30 sessions of

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine the symptoms experienced and the change in driving habits in individuals with concussion. Materials and methods: A survey was created by a team of rehabilitation professionals who see persons with concussion in their clinics. The survey captured demographics, mechanism of injury, date of injury, symptoms experienced during driving, if drivers felt safe when driving, and

ABSTRACT Introduction: Oculomotor (OM) functions may be affected by acquired brain injury (ABI). The ability to benefit from rehabilitation or to perform daily activities may be affected by OM dysfunctions and associated symptoms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of vision therapy (VT) as part of neurorehabilitation after ABI. Materials and Methods: The study included two groups

ABSTRACT Objective Following the outbreak of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), there is strong evidence of neurological involvement in these patients. We aimed to determine the clinical characteristics of neurological manifestations in COVID-19. Method A systematic review of studies reporting neurological manifestations published between 1 December, 2019 and 11 May, 2020 was performed. Studies were grouped

ABSTRACT Background Insomnia symptoms are common after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) to treat sleep disturbances and insomnia (CBT-I) has been used to improve sleep outcomes. It is unclear if CBT/CBT-I is efficacious in individuals with a TBI. This review was performed to evaluate the use of CBT/CBT-I in individuals with a TBI who also endorse insomnia and concomitant

ABSTRACT Objective This study assessed the consequences of childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI) on sleep, fatigue, depression, and quality of life (QoL) outcomes and explored the relationships between these variables at 20 years following childhood TBI. Participants We followed up 54 young adults with mild, moderate, and severe TBI, and 13 typically developing control (TDC) participants, recruited

ABSTRACT Primary Objective To characterize current knowledge, beliefs, confidence, and practice patterns of acute care speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in assessing and managing cognitive-communication disorders following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Research Design We developed an online survey to learn more about current TBI knowledge and practice patterns of acute care SLPs, with the goal of

ABSTRACT Objective We assessed for change in the number of admissions, demographics, mechanism, severity, operative management, length of stay, and in-hospital mortality of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) in patients admitted to a Neurosurgical Unit (NSU) in the Republic of Ireland in 2017 compared to 25 years previously. Method We performed a retrospective cohort study of TBI admissions during 2017 and

ABSTRACT Primary objective Interventions are needed to address chronic health conditions, such as obesity and diabetes, faced by adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The objective of this narrative is to present the justification for and an exemplar of an active attention control condition as a needed comparison group in clinical trials for intensive lifestyle interventions after TBI. Research

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the frequency of seizure co-morbidity and its independent association with 30-day readmission rate among patients hospitalized with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the United States. Methods The data source was the 2014 Nationwide Readmission Database. We included adults (Age ≥18 years) with a primary discharge diagnosis of TBI, identified using the International Classification

ABSTRACT Objective The primary aim is to verify the effectiveness of an aquatic training (AT) in inpatients with severe Traumatic Brain Injury (sTBI) on balance. The secondary aims are to explore the effects on gait, activities of daily living, and quality of life, comparing to a land-based conventional protocol. Methods Two-arm, randomized controlled trial. Twenty inpatients with sTBI, Glasgow Coma

ABSTRACT Primary Objective This study examined the mediating role of perceived social support and mastery on quality of life (QOL) among adults with brain injury. Research Design An a priori structural model hypothesizing the relationships among symptom severity, mastery, social support, and QOL variables were tested. Methods and Procedures Individuals with brain injury across the United States participated

ABSTRACT Background Alterations in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) occur in the acute and chronic phases following traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, few studies have assessed long-term (>1 year) changes in rsFC. Methods Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) scans were obtained from the Federal Interagency Traumatic Brain Injury Research Informatics Systems.

ABSTRACT Purpose To determine whether Health Belief Model (HBM) factors predict concussion-reporting intentions and behaviour. Methods: Participants completed a cross-sectional survey to measure the HBM constructs of concussion knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action. We also asked participants to indicate their concussion-reporting

ABSTRACT Background: Repeat sports-related concussive/subconcussive injury (RC/SCI) is related to memory impairment. Objective & Methods: We sought to determine memory differences between persons with RC/SCI, moderate-to-severe single-impact traumatic brain injury (SI-TBI), and healthy controls. MRI scans from a subsample of participants with SI-TBI were used to identify the neuroanatomical correlates

ABSTRACT Background Most post-concussion eye movement (EM) research involves predominantly male samples. We evaluated pro- (PRO; reflexive shift of visual attention to target) and anti- (ANTI; executive control of visual attention away from target) computer-based saccade task performance among female, collegiate athletes with recent concussion (CON) versus healthy-control athletes (HC). We evaluated

ABSTRACT Soccer exposes players to head injuries and involves repeated intentional head impacts through heading the ball. Our objective was to investigate the rate of both intentional headers and involuntary head impacts in semiprofessional male soccer players during one season. In this prospective cohort study, we followed 54 men (16–35 years) playing in two soccer clubs participating in the same

ABSTRACT The entire world is experiencing an unprecedented global health crisis and Spain has been one of the most heavily affected countries within Europe. Unexpected rapid changes and reorganization of medical services that occurred during the pandemic lead to an impact in the practice of neurorehabilitation. The idiosyncrasies typical of neurorehabilitation management, specially in acute facilities

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the frequency of seizure co-morbidity and its independent association with 30-day readmission rate among patients hospitalized with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the United States. Methods The data source was the 2014 Nationwide Readmission Database. We included adults (Age ≥18 years) with a primary discharge diagnosis of TBI, identified using the International Classification

Objectives The literature on fluid biomarkers for concussion has primarily focused on comparing athletes with and without a diagnosis of concussion and on examining the relationship between fluid biomarkers and exposure to head trauma. This systematic literature review aims to examine the strength of evidence for fluid biomarkers to be associated with clinically relevant outcomes in sports-related

Objective In Australia, over 6,000 adults younger than 65 have been inappropriately placed in nursing homes designed to accommodate older adults. The primary aim of this review was to map the literature on the experiences and outcomes of young people with disability who are placed in aged care. Methods A scoping review of the published literature from 2009–2018 was conducted using Embase, Medline,

Aim Patients with stroke experience various challenges such as motor and cognitive and sensory problems, which can increase the caregiver burden of family members in long-term care. Understanding the factors related to caregiver burden is important to develop strategies to support informal caregivers. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship of religious coping strategies and family

Background Pediatric minor head trauma approaches aim to ensure the absence of traumatic brain lesions, minimize ionizing radiation, and enhance cost control. We evaluated the applicability and cost-effectiveness of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) rules after head trauma and rationalize the use of head computed tomography (CT) scans. Methods We retrospectively divided

Purpose Little is known about cognitive-communication skills post mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). We aimed to determine how performance on cognitive-communication measures in the acute recovery period relates to early outcome following complicated mTBI. Method Results of language and communication skill measures, demographic and accident-related data, length of stay (LOS), Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended

Introduction The cardiac autonomic control system (CACS) is frequently impaired post-traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the prevalence of vestibular/oculomotor impairment is less studied. These two systems interact during position change and contribute to blood-pressure regulation through the vestibulo-sympathetic reflex. Aim: To assess the CACS, the vestibular/oculomotor systems and their integrative