ABSTRACT Objective Following the outbreak of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), there is strong evidence of neurological involvement in these patients. We aimed to determine the clinical characteristics of neurological manifestations in COVID-19. Method A systematic review of studies reporting neurological manifestations published between 1 December, 2019 and 11 May, 2020 was performed. Studies were grouped

ABSTRACT Soccer exposes players to head injuries and involves repeated intentional head impacts through heading the ball. Our objective was to investigate the rate of both intentional headers and involuntary head impacts in semiprofessional male soccer players during one season. In this prospective cohort study, we followed 54 men (16–35 years) playing in two soccer clubs participating in the same

ABSTRACT Objective This study assessed the consequences of childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI) on sleep, fatigue, depression, and quality of life (QoL) outcomes and explored the relationships between these variables at 20 years following childhood TBI. Participants . We followed up 54 young adults with mild, moderate, and severe TBI, and 13 typically developing control (TDC) participants, recruited

ABSTRACT Primary Objective This study examined the mediating role of perceived social support and mastery on quality of life (QOL) among adults with brain injury. Research Design An a priori structural model hypothesizing the relationships among symptom severity, mastery, social support, and QOL variables were tested. Methods and Procedures Individuals with brain injury across the United States participated

ABSTRACT Purpose To determine whether Health Belief Model (HBM) factors predict concussion-reporting intentions and behaviour. Methods: Participants completed a cross-sectional survey to measure the HBM constructs of concussion knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action. We also asked participants to indicate their concussion-reporting

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the frequency of seizure co-morbidity and its independent association with 30-day readmission rate among patients hospitalized with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the United States. Methods The data source was the 2014 Nationwide Readmission Database. We included adults (Age ≥18 years) with a primary discharge diagnosis of TBI, identified using the International Classification

ABSTRACT Primary objective Interventions are needed to address chronic health conditions, such as obesity and diabetes, faced by adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The objective of this narrative is to present the justification for and an exemplar of an active attention control condition as a needed comparison group in clinical trials for intensive lifestyle interventions after TBI. Research

ABSTRACT Objective The primary aim is to verify the effectiveness of an aquatic training (AT) in inpatients with severe Traumatic Brain Injury (sTBI) on balance. The secondary aims are to explore the effects on gait, activities of daily living, and quality of life, comparing to a land-based conventional protocol. Methods Two-arm, randomized controlled trial. Twenty inpatients with sTBI, Glasgow Coma

ABSTRACT Background: Repeat sports-related concussive/subconcussive injury (RC/SCI) is related to memory impairment. Objective & Methods: We sought to determine memory differences between persons with RC/SCI, moderate-to-severe single-impact traumatic brain injury (SI-TBI), and healthy controls. MRI scans from a subsample of participants with SI-TBI were used to identify the neuroanatomical correlates

Objectives The literature on fluid biomarkers for concussion has primarily focused on comparing athletes with and without a diagnosis of concussion and on examining the relationship between fluid biomarkers and exposure to head trauma. This systematic literature review aims to examine the strength of evidence for fluid biomarkers to be associated with clinically relevant outcomes in sports-related

Objective In Australia, over 6,000 adults younger than 65 have been inappropriately placed in nursing homes designed to accommodate older adults. The primary aim of this review was to map the literature on the experiences and outcomes of young people with disability who are placed in aged care. Methods A scoping review of the published literature from 2009–2018 was conducted using Embase, Medline,

Aim Patients with stroke experience various challenges such as motor and cognitive and sensory problems, which can increase the caregiver burden of family members in long-term care. Understanding the factors related to caregiver burden is important to develop strategies to support informal caregivers. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship of religious coping strategies and family

Background Pediatric minor head trauma approaches aim to ensure the absence of traumatic brain lesions, minimize ionizing radiation, and enhance cost control. We evaluated the applicability and cost-effectiveness of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) rules after head trauma and rationalize the use of head computed tomography (CT) scans. Methods We retrospectively divided

Purpose Little is known about cognitive-communication skills post mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). We aimed to determine how performance on cognitive-communication measures in the acute recovery period relates to early outcome following complicated mTBI. Method Results of language and communication skill measures, demographic and accident-related data, length of stay (LOS), Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended

Introduction The cardiac autonomic control system (CACS) is frequently impaired post-traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the prevalence of vestibular/oculomotor impairment is less studied. These two systems interact during position change and contribute to blood-pressure regulation through the vestibulo-sympathetic reflex. Aim: To assess the CACS, the vestibular/oculomotor systems and their integrative

Primary Objective We tested whether KPT-350, a novel selective inhibitor of nuclear export, could attenuate cortical network hyperexcitability, a major risk factor for developing post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Research Design All mice in this study underwent TBI and were subsequently treated with either KPT-350 or vehicle during the post-injury latent period.

Primary Objective To describe (1) an evidence-based approach to promoting a healthy lifestyle, the Diabetes Prevention Program Group Lifestyle Balance intervention, and (2) our work with input from an Advisory Board of stakeholders to modify the program to meet the unique needs of people post stroke. Research Design Community-Based Participatory Research Methods and Procedures An Advisory Board of

Primary Objective This study explored the sibling relationship across the lifespan after acquired brain injury (ABI). Research Design A qualitative approach was used to explore the perspectives of siblings with ABI and uninjured siblings. Methods and Procedures Semi-structured interviews with 19 siblings with ABI and 20 uninjured siblings (aged 6–61 years) were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with caregiver burden in familial caregivers and foreign domestic workers of patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Methods A total of 77 caregivers were consecutively recruited, who were either familial caregivers or foreign domestic workers. All caregivers were evaluated with the Zarit Burden Index

Objective To assess the impact of staff training focused on improved treatment and communication with patients in post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) or other disorders of explicit (declarative) memory. A major aim was to minimize questions demanding recall from explicit memory, e.g., orientation quizzing, and personal/medical history questions, which may produce unreliable information and exacerbate patient

Study Objectives To identify the prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in a prospectively recruited patient population with traumatic brain injury (TBI) of mixed severity. Furthermore, the study aimed to assess the relationship between patient factors and EDS. Method One-hundred and eighteen patients with TBI were assessed in a neurorehabilitation clinic after discharge from the emergency

Objective In pediatric concussion, there has been a shift to consider how pre-injury profiles, such as self-efficacy, affect the recovery trajectory. The aim of this study was to investigate normal ranges of self-efficacy (overall, academic, social, emotional) in youth and to explore its relationship with the effects of daily stressors, operationalized as concussion-like symptoms, demographic factors

Factor XI (FXI) deficiency, also known as hemophilia C, is included in the rare bleeding disorders (RBDs). It is distinct from other coagulation factor deficiencies because it rarely presents as spontaneous hemorrhage, but rather as bleeding after trauma or surgery; in addition, the severity of bleeding does not correlate with FXI levels. Most delayed traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (DTICH) occurs

Objective We assessed for change in the number of admissions, demographics, mechanism, severity, operative management, length of stay, and in-hospital mortality of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) in patients admitted to a Neurosurgical Unit (NSU) in the Republic of Ireland in 2017 compared to 25 years previously. Method We performed a retrospective cohort study of TBI admissions during 2017 and compared

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is prevalent. Declining mortality has led to increasing survivors with chronic sequalae, including depression. With a lack of guidelines, this review aims to provide a comprehensive, evidence-based summary of the management of depression following TBI. Methods Systematic searches were conducted for quasi-experimental and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing

Objective To evaluate the effects of cognitive and psychological interventions for the reduction of post-concussion symptoms (PCS) in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). Data sources The databases of CINAHL, Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Review methods Meta-analysis was conducted for randomized-controlled trials that have included

Objective Evidence of the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) in motor and cognitive rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury (TBI) continues to be mixed. Therefore, we conducted a systematic literature review in accordance with PRISMA guidelines to strategically evaluate the strength of evidence supporting the use of VR as a rehabilitation tool for motor function and cognition in patients with

Background Low motivation is a common problem after acquired brain injury (ABI) and can persist for years after injury. Little is known, however, about perspectives of motivation with respect to engaging in the community, many years after ABI. Purpose To explore the client with ABI perspective of motivation and engagement in individuals based in community ABI programs. Method Interpretive description

Objective Mild TBI (mTBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are independent risk factors for suicidal behaviour (SB). Further, co-occurring mTBI and PTSD increase one’s risk for negative health and psychiatric outcomes. However, little research has examined the role of comorbid mTBI and PTSD on suicide risk. Methods The present study utilized data from the Injury and TRaUmatic STress (INTRuST)

Purpose To elucidate the predictive factors for persistent post-concussion symptoms at 1 and 3 months following minor traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) in patients with no psychiatric history. Methods This was an observational study in an academic trauma centre including adult patients with a history of mTBI and no psychiatric history. Exclusion criteria were missing the follow-up phone calls, radiologic

Objective This study aimed to determine the influence of participation in a designated acquired brain injury (ABI) transitional rehabilitation service (ABI TRS) on outcome, in the context of a historical comparison group (HIST). Design: A cohort study, with retrospective comparison. Participants: 187 persons with ABI. Measures: The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Mayo-Portland Adaptability

Background Several in-vitro and animal studies suggest that statins may have beneficial effects on clinical outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI), however, clinical data are scarce. Objectives To examine the association of statin use with TBI clinical outcomes among patients with TBI. Methods A retrospective cohort study of Tricare beneficiaries who had a TBI diagnosis, as defined by the Barbell

Purpose The main aim was to evaluate the measurement properties of the Family Needs Questionnaire-Revised (FNQ-R) in family members of individuals living with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods A total of 309 family members of individuals with severe TBI from Colombia, Denmark, Mexico, Norway and Spain participated. Rasch analysis of the FNQ-R and its 6 subscales was conducted. Results The

Objective To characterize recovery of balance deficits in community-dwelling adults with concussion. Hypothesis Balance measures will improve 2 weeks after injury and persist over 12 weeks. Design Prospective longitudinal observational study. Methods Assessments included the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) and quiet standing during eyes open, eyes closed, and a cognitive dual task. Recovery was

Objective To examine the extent to which race/ethnicity, length of rehabilitation hospital stay (LOS), and payer source contribute to functional status following inpatient rehabilitation in children with acquired brain injury (ABI). Design Retrospective cohort study from a pediatric rehabilitation hospital including 485 individuals with ABI. Methods Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM)

Objective To provide an overview of the availability of and process involved in vocational rehabilitation (VR) services for people with acquired brain injury (ABI) provided in Dutch rehabilitation institutions. Methods A survey on the availability and characteristics of the VR intervention process for people with ABI was conducted in all Dutch rehabilitation centers and rehabilitation departments of

Primary Objective This study evaluated whether a meditation practice incorporating mobile neurofeedback (mNF) offers any advantage over a more traditional form of focused attention (FA) meditation in managing persistent symptoms after traumatic brain injury (TBI) (clinicaltrials.gov NCT02615535). Research Design Pilot randomized clinical trial, exploring feasibility of mNF in TBI. Methods and Procedures

Purpose To compare heart rate variability (HRV) in healthy male and female athletes with versus without a history of concussion. Methods A cross-sectional study of 113 healthy interuniversity athletes (n = 62 female; n = 51 male) across nine sports from a single institution, participating within the first half of their respective athletic seasons. Concussion history was determined by self-report (males:

Purpose This study was primarily aimed at establishing the incidence and impact of hypotension in patients with blunt traumatic brain injury based on National Trauma Registry Database. Methods A retrospective cohort study using the National Trauma Registry was conducted. Patients with TBI following blunt mechanisms of injury were examined, comparing those with and without hypotension (SBP < 90 mm Hg)

A 65-year-old male patient with depression and psychosis sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI) after a suicide attempt involving a motor vehicle. Immediately post-injury, the patient’s psychiatric symptoms completely resolved, and cognitive function improved, with minimal neurological deficits. We describe the first case, to our knowledge, of a patient with a paradoxical complete and spontaneous

Context: Post-traumatic headache (PTH) is a disabling headache disorder and the most common sequela of mild traumatic brain injury. The pathophysiology of PTH is poorly understood and there is limited available evidence to guide prophylactic medication selection. Emerging understanding of the pathophysiology of migraine headaches has led to the development of monoclonal antibodies, including erenumab

Objective To assess the impact of staff training focused on improved treatment and communication with patients in post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) or other disorders of explicit (declarative) memory. A major aim was to minimize questions demanding recall from explicit memory, e.g., orientation quizzing, and personal/medical history questions, which may produce unreliable information and exacerbate patient

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with caregiver burden in familial caregivers and foreign domestic workers of patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Methods A total of 77 caregivers were consecutively recruited, who were either familial caregivers or foreign domestic workers. All caregivers were evaluated with the Zarit Burden Index

Objectives Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a controversial and under-researched area, despite most traumatic brain injuries being classed as mild. Our objective was to review the evidence underpinning these approaches to treat mTBI including educational, psychological, rehabilitative and pharmacological approaches and discuss their efficacy. Methods A systematic review of literature was carried

Primary Objectives The aim of this paper was to conduct a review of the misconception literature relating to traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to critically review the comprehensiveness, psychometric properties and other qualities of existing scales designed to measure knowledge and misconceptions of TBI. Methods Terms relating to misconceptions, misconception scales, public perceptions and traumatic

Objectives The aim of this research was to assess cognitive-motor interactions though dual tasks of working memory in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and control subjects. Methods: Twenty patients with chronic TBI with good functional level and 19 matched healthy controls performed dual working memory tasks (1-back numeric and 1-back spatial (S)) while sitting, standing, and walking. The

Objective With the increasing global prevalence of acquired brain injury (ABI), the burden of visual problems as a sequelae to ABI is on the rise. This study reports the visual profile of patients with ABI seen in Neuro-Optometry Clinic (NOC) at a tertiary eye-care center in Southern India. Methods A retrospective study was carried out between January 2014 and December 2015. Medical records of patients

ABSTRACT Objective To determine knowledge, attitudes, and behavior toward concussion in cyclists and to identify predictors of concussion knowledge. Methods Cycling organizations sent members a web link to online information about the study and a questionnaire. Anyone aged >16 years, living in New Zealand and engaged in a cycling activity was invited to participate. The 36-item questionnaire included

Primary Objective Research is increasingly demonstrating the significant impact that non-medical factors can have on outcomes of service members (SMs) with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Thus, the current study examined which demographic, TBI-related factors, and psychological variables are most predictive of functional outcomes. Research Design Retrospective database analysis from medical chart

Objective The objective of this study is to describe concussion reporting and return to learn and play among high school students. Methods Self-reported survey data of 1,999 New England private preparatory high school students who played sports or engaged in recreational activities were collected in 2018. Descriptive and bivariate statistics are presented. Results Three in ten respondents (31.4%) reported

Primary Objective This study determined whether initial GCS score, head CT results, cognitive performance on IMPACT testing, or APOE genotype most effectively predicted 1-month functional outcome after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). This study tested the hypotheses that participants with poor performance on initial cognitive testing and those with an APOEe4 genotype would exhibit a poorer 1-month

Objectives To evaluate how blast exposure impacts peripheral biomarkers in military personnel enrolled in 10-day blast training. Methods On day 7, 21 military personnel experienced peak overpressure <2 pounds per square inch (psi); while 29 military personnel experienced peak overpressure ≥5 psi. Blood samples were collected each day to measure changes in amyloid beta (Aβ), neurofilament light chain

Objectives To investigate criteria acute care interdisciplinary providers use to select discharge destination for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design Cross-sectional, exploratory survey study. Methods Data were collected from interdisciplinary providers at a U.S. Level I trauma centre via electronic survey. We invited 199 providers to participate and 27 responded (13.5% response rate)

Purpose The aim of this study is to assess the association between the Computed Tomography (CT) findings on admission, according to the Helsinki computed tomography CT score, and patient’s Quality of Life (QoL) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Lebanon. Methods A retrospective study was performed on 49 males suffering from war induced TBI. Participants were stratified into two groups based

Objective There is enormous research and clinical interest in blood-based biomarkers of mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) sustained in sports, daily life, or military service. We examined the reliability of a commercially available assay for S100B used on the same samples by two different laboratories separated by 2 years in time. Methods and Procedures A cohort of 163 adult patients (head CT-scanned

Primary objective: The objective of this study was to design an instrument to screen for burden in the daily life of both the client with acquired brain injury (ABI) and their nonprofessional caregiver. Research Design: Exploratory research Methods and Procedures: Based on a survey amongst stakeholder organizations, the FINAH-instrument is designed as a digital self-assessment questionnaire, based

Background Recent studies suggest that late recovery from vegetative state (VS) is more prevalent today than previously thought. This study examined the decline in the rate of recovery from VS with time after admission to rehabilitation, and established a new time frame, in which the odds of recovery from VS remain substantial. Methods Data of 206 patients with VS after traumatic and non-traumatic

Objective To investigate the construct validity of the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) as a proxy measure for dysphagia, through associations with swallowing prerequisites, orofacial functions, age, and diagnosis; and to investigate content validity through distributions of FOIS ratings. Methods A cohort of 1,876 patients with severe acquired brain injury. Early Functional Abilities items were

Objectives To investigate the oral health status in patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) admitted at neurorehabilitation setting. Methods 132 individuals with ABI were examined within their first week of admission. Individuals’ socio-behavioral history, length of stay in acute care etc. were recorded. Comprehensive clinical oral examination consisting of acute conditions [dental plaque, bleeding

Objectives To analyze the influences of mild and severe intracranial hypertension on cerebral autoregulation (CA). Patients and Methods Duroc piglets were monitored with an intracranial pressure (ICP) catheter. Intracranial hypertension was induced via infusion of 4 or 7 ml of saline solution by a bladder catheter that was inserted into the parietal lobe. The static cerebral autoregulation (sCA) index