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The Impact of Sex on Cognitive Control in ADHD: Girls Slow to Inhibit, Boys Inhibit Less, and Both Show Higher Response Variability J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Beatrice Ojuri, Alyssa DeRonda, Micah Plotkin, Stewart H. Mostofsky, Keri S. Rosch
Objective:To determine whether girls and boys with ADHD show distinct impairments in components of cognitive control across multiple tasks (go/no-go, stop signal, and flanker) and performance metrics (response speed, variability, and errors).Method:A total of 300 children, ages 8 to 12 years with ADHD ( n = 210, 58 girls) or typically developing (TD; n = 99, 37 girls), completed all tasks. Traditional
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Self-Esteem in Adults With ADHD Using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: A Systematic Review J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Aksel Bjørø Pedersen, Bernhard Vestby Edvardsen, Salvatore Matias Messina, Maria Rudjord Volden, Lisa L. Weyandt, Astri J. Lundervold
Objective:To summarize and analyze recent articles investigating self-esteem in adults with ADHD, focusing on the impact of demographic and clinical characteristics, and methodological issues.Method:Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search for literature published between 2010 and 2022 was conducted in the Web of Science, Ovid, Pubmed, and EBSCO databases.Results:Eleven studies met inclusion
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An Open-Label Pilot Trial of a Brief, Parent-Based Sleep Intervention in Children With ADHD J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Xiao Li, Fanny Lok Fan Lau, Waiyan Vivian Chiu, Ching Kwong Dino Wong, Albert Martin Li, Yun Kwok Wing, Yee Ching Kelly Lai, Ka Sin Caroline Shea, Shirley Xin Li
Objective:To assess the effects of a brief parent-based behavioral sleep intervention in children with ADHD.Methods:Families with a child with ADHD and parent-reported sleep problems received a brief parent-based sleep intervention, which involved two one-to-one consultation sessions and one telephone follow-up with the parent/caregiver. Child’s sleep and clinical symptoms, and parental sleep and daytime
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A Randomized, Phase 3, Double-Blind, Crossover Comparison of Multilayer, Extended-Release Methylphenidate (PRC-063), and Lisdexamfetamine in the Driving Performance of Young Adults With ADHD J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Vishal Madaan, Sailaja Bhaskar, Graeme A. E. Donnelly, Daniel J. Cox
Objective:To compare PRC-063 (multilayer-release methylphenidate) and lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) on the driving performance of young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study.Method:Following up to 21 days of each treatment in each treatment course (PRC-063/LDX or LDX/PRC-063), subjects completed a 15-hour driving simulator laboratory
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Loneliness in Young People with ADHD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-24 Angelina Jong, Clarissa Mary Odoi, Jennifer Lau, Matthew J.Hollocks
Many studies focus on problematic peer functioning in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but loneliness has been studied less. This paper examined (1) The loneliness level differences between young people (below 25 years old) with ADHD and those without ADHD, and (2) The association between loneliness and mental health difficulties in young people with ADHD. Six electronic databases were
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Methylphenidate and Sleep Difficulties in Children and Adolescents With ADHD: Results From the 2-Year Naturalistic Pharmacovigilance ADDUCE Study J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Alexander Häge, Kenneth K. C. Man, Sarah K. Inglis, Jan Buitelaar, Sara Carucci, Marina Danckaerts, Ralf W. Dittmann, Bruno Falissard, Peter Garas, Chris Hollis, Kerstin Konrad, Hanna Kovshoff, Elizabeth Liddle, Suzanne McCarthy, Antje Neubert, Peter Nagy, Eric Rosenthal, Edmund J. S. Sonuga-Barke, Alessandro Zuddas, Ian C. K. Wong, David Coghill, Tobias Banaschewski
Objective:Short-term RCTs have demonstrated that MPH-treatment significantly reduces ADHD-symptoms, but is also associated with adverse events, including sleep problems. However, data on long-term effects of MPH on sleep remain limited.Methods:We performed a 2-year naturalistic prospective pharmacovigilance multicentre study. Participants were recruited into three groups: ADHD patients intending to
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The Child Behavior Check List Usefulness in Screening for Severe Psychopathology in Youth: A Narrative Literature Review J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Pascal Chavannes, Martin Gignac
Objective:This article will review the use of the CBCL to diagnose youth with psychopathological disorders focusing on: ADHD, Mood Disorders, Autism Spectrum disorders, and Disruptive Disorders.Method:Using a narrative review approach, we investigate the usefulness of the CBCL as a screening tool to detect childhood onset psychopathology across different diagnostic syndromes.Results:The available literature
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Correlation Between Life Satisfaction and Symptoms of ADHD in Dental Students: The Mediation of Resilience J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Yuwei Sun, Lei Miao, Siying Chen, Zhenya Piao, Chi Tong
Objective:This study explores the correlation between life satisfaction and ADHD symptoms. It also discusses whether resilience mediates the correlation between ADHD symptoms and life satisfaction.Method:We surveyed 297 dental students. A total of 291 completed a self-report scale consisting of the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale, Wender Utah Rating Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale, and Conner–Davidson
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Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children with Multiple Sclerosis J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Roy Aloni, Alon Kalron, Assaf Goodman, Amichai Ben-Ari, Talya Yoeli-Shalom, Shay Menascu
Background:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological autoimmune disease; pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) represents 5% to 10% of total MS population. Children with POMS may experience attention difficulties due to the disease’s impact on the central nervous system. However, little is known regarding Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in POMS, and its relation to cognitive
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Adult ADHD Symptoms in a Large Metropolitan Area From Brazil: Prevalence and Associations with Psychiatric Comorbidity, Bullying, Sexual Abuse, and Quality of Life J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Paulo Mattos, Carlos Eduardo Ferreira de Moraes, Rosely Sichieri, Phillipa Hay, Stephen V. Faraone, Jose Carlos Appolinario
There is scant data about the prevalence and correlates of ADHD in middle-income countries.Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and psychiatric correlates of symptomatic ADHD in a large metropolitan area of a middle-income country.Methods:An in-person household survey with randomly selected 2,297 adults aged 19 to 60 from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, assessed by trained lay
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Altered Intrinsic Brain Spontaneous Activities in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Comorbid ADHD J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Xinzhou Tang, Zenghui Ma, Kat SiuChing, Lingzi Xu, Qinyi Liu, Li Yang, Yufeng Wang, Qingjiu Cao, Xue Li, Jing Liu
Objective:The study involved 17 children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), 21 with ADHD, 30 with both (ASD + ADHD), and 28 typically developing children (TD).Methods:The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) was measured as a regional brain function index. Intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) was also analyzed using the region of interest (ROI) identified in ALFF analysis. Statistical
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Assessing Adult ADHD: An Updated Review of Rating Scales for Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Sharon Suganthi Caroline S., Paulomi M. Sudhir, Urvakhsh Mehta, Arun Kandasamy, K Thennarasu, Vivek Benegal
Adult ADHD is a prevalent yet underdiagnosed and undertreated condition. Assessment of ADHD is critical to understanding and managing ADHD comprehensively.Method:Scholarly articles on adult ADHD between 1996 and 2022 were reviewed using the PRISMA guidelines. ADHD rating scales with multiple citations were selected and their psychometric properties and symptom coverage were analyzed.Results:Ten rating
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Probiotics as a Promising Therapy in Improvement of Symptoms in Children With ADHD: A Systematic Review J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Mahsa Nahidi, Saman Soleimanpour, Maryam Emadzadeh
Background:ADHD is widely recognized as the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder in children. Recently, the potential role of gut microbiota as an etiological factor in ADHD has gained attention. This systematic review aims to investigate the potential impact of probiotic supplements on alleviating ADHD symptoms and influencing behavior.Methods:PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS
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The Impact of Methylphenidate on Pubertal Maturation and Bone Age in ADHD Children and Adolescents: Results from the ADHD Drugs Use Chronic Effects (ADDUCE) Project J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Sara Carucci, Alessandro Zuddas, Angelico Lampis, Kenneth K. C. Man, Carla Balia, Jan Buitelaar, Marina Danckaerts, Ralf W. Dittmann, Federica Donno, Bruno Falissard, Antonella Gagliano, Peter Garas, Alexander Häge, Chris Hollis, Sarah K. Inglis, Kerstin Konrad, Hanna Kovshoff, Elizabeth Liddle, Suzanne McCarthy, Antje Neubert, Peter Nagy, Eric Rosenthal, Edmund J. S. Sonuga-Barke, Ian C. K. Wong,
Objective:The short-term safety of methylphenidate (MPH) has been widely demonstrated; however the long-term safety is less clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety of MPH in relation to pubertal maturation and to explore the monitoring of bone age.Method:Participants from ADDUCE, a two-year observational longitudinal study with three parallel cohorts (MPH group, no-MPH group, and
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Symptoms of ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder Interactively Predict Children’s Verbal Fluency J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Jiayin Xing, Ran Wei, Hui Wang, Zihui Hua, Xinzhou Tang, Li Yi, Xue Li, Jing Liu
Objective:Verbal fluency, the capacity to generate words from a designated category, predicts myriad cognitive and life outcomes. The study investigated verbal fluency in children with ADHD, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and comorbid ADHD and ASD, to understand how ADHD- and ASD-related symptoms individually and jointly predict verbal fluency, and the underlying linguistic and cognitive substrates
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Development of a Short Version of the ADHD Rating Scale-IV.es (sADHD-RS-IV.es) J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 María Vallejo-Valdivielso, Pilar de Castro-Manglano, Cristina Vidal-Adroher, Azucena Díez-Suárez, Cesar A. Soutullo
Objective:To develop a short version of the Spanish 18-item ADHD-Rating Scale IV.es (sADHD-RS-IV.es) to be used as a potential screening tool in pediatric population.Methods:We recruited 652 subjects, ages 6 to 18 (mean ± SD = 11.14 ± 3.27): 518 patients with ADHD (per DSM-IV criteria); and 134 healthy controls. We performed a stepwise logistic regression to select the best subset of ADHD-RS-IV.es
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Sleep Disordered Breathing and Risk for ADHD: Review of Supportive Evidence and Proposed Underlying Mechanisms J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Iliyan Ivanov, Ben Miraglia, Dana Prodanova, Jeffrey H. Newcorn
Background:Accumulating evidence suggests that sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is under-recognized in youth and adults with ADHD. SDB may contribute to exacerbating pre-existing ADHD symptoms and may play a role in the development of cognitive deficits that may mimic ADHD symptoms.Method:We conducted a focused review of publications on cross-prevalence, overlapping clinical and neurobiological characteristics
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In Memoriam: Professor Joseph Biederman’s Contributions to Child and Adolescent Psychiatry J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Stephen V. Faraone, Jeffrey H. Newcorn, Janet Wozniak, Gagan Joshi, Barbara Coffey, Mai Uchida, Timothy Wilens, Craig Surman, Thomas J. Spencer
Objective:To provide an overview of Joe Biederman’s contributions to child and adolescent psychiatry.Method:Nine colleagues described his contributions to: psychopharmacology, comorbidity and genetics, pediatric bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorders, Tourette’s and tic disorders, clinical and neuro biomarkers for pediatric mood disorders, executive functioning, and adult ADHD.Results:Joe Biederman
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Biederman’s Contribution to the Understanding of Executive Function in ADHD J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Russell Schachar, Jennifer Crosbie
Objective:To examine the theoretical and empirical contribution of Joe Biederman and his colleagues to the understanding of executive function (EF) and ADHD.Method:We searched PubMed for references to EF in Biederman’s publications and conducted a narrative review of this literature.Results:In 50 or more papers using neuropsychological tests, rating scales and measures of mind wandering, Biederman
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Dr. Joseph Biederman’s Enduring Legacy: Illuminating the Path to Addressing Autistic Traits in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder With Transcranial Photobiomodulation J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Tolga Atilla Ceranoglu, Chloe Hutt Vater
Objective:To review the existing literature on transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) treatment effects on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), in search for an effective treatment of a symptom cluster identified largely by contributions from late Dr. Biederman who asserted that they frequently present with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).Method:A survey of two databases, PubMed and PsycINFO
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Unique Patterns of Eye Movements Characterizing Inattentive Reading in ADHD J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Pnina Stern, Tamar Kolodny, Shlomit Tsafrir, Galit Cohen, Lilach Shalev
Objective:We aimed to identify unique patterns of eye-movements measures reflecting inattentive reading among adults with and without ADHD.Method & Results:We recorded eye-movements during uninterrupted text reading of typically developed (TD) and ADHD adults. First, we found significantly longer reading time for the ADHD group than the TD group. Further, we detected cases in which words were reread
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Malocclusions, Sleep Bruxism, and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Risk in Pediatric ADHD Patients: A Prospective Study J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Anna Alessandri-Bonetti, Federica Guglielmi, Giulia Deledda, Linda Sangalli, Claudia Brogna, Patrizia Gallenzi
Objectives:Literature presents conflicting results regarding malocclusions, Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and sleep bruxism in children with ADHD. Aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of these parameters.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 40 consecutive ADHD children referred to the Paediatric Dentistry Unit of Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome. All
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Childhood Clinical Features Preceding the Onset of Bipolar Versus Major Depressive Disorders During Adolescence J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Clotilde Guidetti, Giulia Serra, Massimo Apicella, Elisa Andracchio, Maria Elena Iannoni, Monia Trasolini, Giorgia Della Santa, Gino Maglio, Stefano Vicari
Objective:To identify childhood psychopathological features that predict the onset of adolescent Bipolar (BD) versus Unipolar Major Depressive Disorder (UD) during adolescence.Method:We analyzed clinical data from 495 juveniles diagnosed with DSM-5 UD ( n = 359), and BD ( n = 136), using bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression model.Results:BD subjects exhibited earlier onset of any
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Investigating Variations in Medicine Approvals for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cross-Country Document Analysis Comparing Drug Labeling J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Laila Tanana, Asam Latif, Prasad S Nishtala, Timothy F Chen
Objective:This study aimed to compare the approval of medicines for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) for pediatric patients across five countries.Method:A document analysis was completed, using the drug labeling for ADHD medicines from five countries; United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and United States (US). Comparisons of available formulations and approval information
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Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Difference of Gut Microbiota in ADHD J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Ning Wang, Haibin Wang, Yu Bai, Yilu Zhao, Xiangyu Zheng, Xuping Gao, Zifeng Zhang, Li Yang
Objective:Although ADHD is highly heritable, some environmental factors contribute to its development. Given the growing evidence that gut microbiota was involved in psychiatric disorders, we aimed to identify the characteristic composition of the gut microbiota in ADHD.Methods:We recruited 47 medication-naive children and adolescents with ADHD, and 60 healthy controls (HCs). We used shotgun metagenomics
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Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome in Mothers of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Yavuz Yılmaz, Ayla Uzun Cicek
Objective:To examine the cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) symptoms of mothers of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Method:The participants consisted of 223 mothers of children with ADHD, and data were collected using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders-Clinician Version (SCID-5-CV), the Stroop Test (ST), the Barkley Adult SCT Scale (CDS), and the
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Neural and Cognitive Predictors of Stimulant Treatment Efficacy in Medication-Naïve ADHD Adults: A Pilot Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Yuwen Hung, Allison Green, Caroline Kelberman, Schuyler Gaillard, James Capella, Nicole Rudberg, John D. E. Gabrieli, Joseph Biederman, Mai Uchida
Objective:Stimulant medications are the main treatment for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but overall treatment efficacy in adults has less than a 60% response rate. This study aimed to identify neural and cognitive markers predictive of longitudinal improvement in response to stimulant treatment in drug-naïve adults with ADHD.Method:We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and executive
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ADHD and Anxiety Symptoms: Does Construct or Assessment Type Matter More? J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Thea R. Bucherbeam, Benjamin J. Lovett, Allyson G. Harrison
Objective:This study examined the relationships between self-reported ADHD symptoms, self-reported anxiety, and continuous performance test (CPT) performance.Method:128 postsecondary students referred for clinical evaluation for possible ADHD and related conditions completed the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale, the Behavior Assessment Scale for Children, Third Edition, and either of two CPTs.Results:Multiple
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Diagnostic Utility of Conners Continuous Performance Test-3 for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 P. Douglas Callan, Stephanie Swanberg, Sarah K Weber, Kari Eidnes, Tara M. Pope, Dustin Shepler
Objective:To review the literature on the utility of the Conners CPT-3 in persons with ADHD.Methods:A systematic review was conducted. Six databases were searched using inclusion criteria: research studies, year 2000+, English, and ages 8+. Two raters independently screened 1,480 title/abstracts and subsequently reviewed 399 full texts. Data extraction and critical appraisal were conducted. Reflective
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Continuation of Treatment in Children With ADHD: A Multicenter Turkish Sample Study J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Saliha Baykal, Cansu Çobanoğlu Osmanlı, Abdullah Bozkurt, Bedia Sultan Önal, Berkan Şahin, Müge Karaçizmeli, Ayşegül Öz Gazi, Koray Karabekiroğlu
Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate the variables that may affect treatment continuation in children aged 6 to 12 years who were newly diagnosed with ADHD.Methods:A total of 132 children diagnosed with ADHD and their parents participated in the study. Sociodemographic and clinical risk factors affecting continuation of treatment were examined using logistic regression analysis.Results:Multiple
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Effects of Stimulant Treatment on Changes in Brain Activation During Reward Notifications in Drug Naïve Youth With ADHD J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Iliyan Ivanov, Beth Krone, Kurt Schulz, Riaz B. Shaik, Muhammad A. Parvaz, Jeffrey H. Newcorn
Background:Research examining the potential effects of stimulant exposure in childhood on subsequent development of substance use disorder (SUD) have focused on differences in the brain reward system as a function of risk.Methods:18 drug naïve children ages 7 to 12 years (11 High Risk [ADHD + ODD/CD]; 7 Low Risk [ADHD only]), underwent fMRI scans before and after treatment with mixed amphetamine salts
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A Qualitative Analysis of Perspectives on Self-directed Violence in a Prospective Longitudinal Study of Young Women With and Without Childhood ADHD J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Shaikh I. Ahmad, Stephen P. Hinshaw
Objective:Non-suicidal self-directed violence (NSSDV) is a significant and growing youth public health crisis. Girls with ADHD are at increased risk of engaging in NSSDV, yet qualitative studies with this population—to better understand manifestations, motivations, and developmental course—are lacking.Method:We conducted semi-structured, qualitative interviews with a sub-sample of 57 young women (32
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Polygenic Variation Underlying Educational Attainment and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Indexes Behavior Ratings of Executive Functions in Child Psychiatry Outpatients J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-28 Michael R. Capawana, Pieter J. Vuijk, Joanna Martin, Alisha R. Pollastri, Gina A. Forchelli, Georgia G. Woscoboinik, Sonia L. Tremblay, Lauren E. Wolfe, Ellen B. Braaten, Alysa E. Doyle
Objective:We leveraged common genetic variation underlying ADHD, educational attainment (EA) and cognition (COG) to understand the nature of the Behavior Rating Inventory for Executive Functions (BRIEF) and its relationship to academic functioning.Method:Participants were 991 youth, ages 7 to 17, consecutively referred for neuropsychiatric evaluation. Polygenic scores (PGS) for ADHD, EA, and COG were
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Is Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) a Dimension or a Category? What Does the Relationship Between ADHD Traits and Psychosocial Quality of Life Tell Us? J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-28 Trine Wigh Arildskov, Per Hove Thomsen, Edmund J. S. Sonuga-Barke, Rikke Lambek, Søren D. Østergaard, Anne Virring
Objective:The question of whether attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a discrete category or a continuous dimension remains clinically relevant. We report the first examination of this question from the viewpoint of the relationship between ADHD traits and psychosocial quality of life (QoL), and whether the level of QoL declines markedly around a certain high ADHD trait range suggestive
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The Association Between Repeated Measured Febrile Episodes During Early Childhood and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Large-Scale Population-Based Study J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-28 Ariel Israel, Eugene Merzon, Beth Krone, Stephen V. Faraone, Ilan Green, Avivit Golan Cohen, Shlomo Vinker, Shira Cohen, Shai Ashkenazi, Eli Magen, Abraham Weizman, Iris Manor
Objective:We examined the association between the number, magnitude, and frequency of febrile episodes during the 0 to 4 years of life and subsequent diagnosis of ADHD.Methods:This population-based case-control study in an Israeli HMO, Leumit Health Services (LHS), uses a database for all LHS members aged 5 to 18 years between 1/1/2002 and 1/30/2022. The number and magnitude of measured fever episodes
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Drivers and Barriers to Tolerable and Effective Treatment for ADHD: The Importance of Treatment Perseverance and Duration of Effect J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-20 Nate Way, Jaromir Mikl, Marc Cataldo, Jennifer G. Erensen, Ashley Martin, Vicky Li, Steven R. Pliszka
Objective:To examine treatment outcomes for classes of ADHD drugs in conjunction with physicians’ prescribing rationales and the utility of treatment perseverance in treatment effectiveness.Methods:A retrospective non-interventional study using physician-provided chart data for treated adolescent and adult ADHD patients in the United States (April–June 2019). Multivariable analyses compared the effectiveness
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Comparing Pharmacotherapies for ADHD in Adults: Evidence From Outcome-Focused Analysis of Food and Drug Administration Drug Label Registration Trials J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-17 Craig B. H. Surman, Daniel M. Walsh, Joseph B. Bond
Objective:We appraised whether FDA registration trials for ADHD pharmacotherapy in adults provides comparable information to inform treatment expectations.Method:Comparison of ADHD outcome measure patterns in ADHD pharmacotherapy FDA drug label source studies.Results:Among stimulants, from fixed-dose titration data, amphetamine agents had numerically higher placebo-corrected symptom improvement and
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Objective Parameters in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Eye and Head Movements J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Esen Yıldırım Demirdöğen, Mehmet Akif Akıncı, Abdullah Bozkurt, Bahadır Turan, İbrahim Selçuk Esin, Mehmet Ali Donbaloğlu, İsa Bingöl, Gülşah Tümüklü Özyer, Uğur Kılıç, Onur Burak Dursun
Objective:We aimed to evaluate eye and head movements, which are objective parameters in ADHD. Method: While the children were watching the course video task, which included the relevant (teacher and smart board) and irrelevant (any regions outside the relevant area) areas of interest, their eye movements were evaluated through eye tracking, and video recordings were made simultaneous. Head position
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A Single-Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial of Triple Beaded Mixed Amphetamine Salts in DSM-5 Adults With ADHD Assessing Effects Throughout the Day J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Lenard A. Adler, Deepti Anbarasan, Taylor Sardoff, Terry Leon, Richard Gallagher, Caleb A. Massimi, Stephen V. Faraone
Objective:To examine the effects of triple beaded mixed amphetamine salts (TB MAS) on ADHD and executive dysfunction symptoms throughout the day in adults with DSM-5 ADHD.Method:This was a 6 week, single-blind, placebo-lead in trial of TB MAS (12.5–37.5 mg/day); all participants received 2 weeks of single-blind placebo); one individual was a placebo responder and was discontinued. One of these 18 dropped
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Differences in Primary Care Management of Patients With Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Based on Race and Ethnicity J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Jillian Alai, Elisabeth F. Callen, Tarin Clay, David W. Goodman, Lenard A. Adler, Stephen V. Faraone
Objective:Examine differences in care patterns around adult ADHD between race (White/Non-White) and ethnic (Hispanic/Non-Hispanic) groups utilizing existing quality measures (QMs), concerning diagnosis, treatment, and medication prescribing.Methods:The AAFP National Research Network in partnership with SUNY Upstate Medical used an EHR dataset to evaluate achievement of 10 ADHD QMs. The dataset was
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Differentiating Performance on the Connors Continuous Performance Test (CPT-3) as a Function of Comorbid Internalizing Psychopathology J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Julia M. Brooks, Janna Guilfoyle, Demy Alfonso, Alison Oh, Amanda N. Nili, Lauren A. Frick, Zachary J. Resch, Jason R. Soble, Devin M. Ulrich
Objective:Internalizing psychopathology commonly co-occurs with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Attention concerns are present in both ADHD and internalizing disorders, yet the neuropsychological functioning of those with comorbid ADHD and internalizing psychopathology is underexamined.Method:This study compared Conners’ Continuous Performance Test-Third Edition (CPT-3) profiles across
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An Objective Assessment of Effect of Stimulants on Attention in Individuals With ADHD J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Glen R. Elliott, Adi Diner, Einat Sitbon
Introduction:Currently, assessing ADHD treatment response to stimulants relies on rating scales and subjective questionnaires and sometimes a CPT. Such tools fall short of objective, quantifiable measurement of effect, especially in natural settings and can result in inconsistent treatment.Method:We report results from two studies using a novel proof-of-concept approach. A preliminary trial of 10 individuals
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Treating Executive Function in Youth With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Review of Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Interventions J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Timothy E. Wilens, Mira Stone, Sylvia Lanni, Amy Berger, Ronan L. H. Wilson, Melis Lydston, Craig B. Surman
Introduction:Executive function (EF) deficits are common in youth with ADHD and pose significant functional impairments. The extent and effect of interventions addressing EF in youth with ADHD remain unclear.Methods:We conducted a systematic literature review using PRISMA guidelines. Included studies were randomized controlled trials of interventions to treat EF in youth with ADHD.Results:Our search
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Exploring Subfactors of Adult Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome and Impact on Neuropsychological Performance J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Elmma Khalid, Hannah B. VanLandingham, Karen S. Basurto, Amanda N. Nili, Christopher Gonzalez, Janna L. Guilfoyle, Gabriel P. Ovsiew, Nicole M. Durkin, Devin M. Ulrich, Zachary J. Resch, Neil H. Pliskin, Jason R. Soble, Brian M. Cerny
Objective:This study investigated subfactors of cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS; previously referred as sluggish cognitive tempo) among adults referred for neuropsychological evaluation of attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Method:Retrospective analyses of data from 164 outpatient neuropsychological evaluations examined associations between CDS subfactors and self-reported psychological
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Impact of Distractors on Sustained Attention and Inhibition in Children With ADHD J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Carlotta Rivella, Alice Bazzurro, Valeria Olla, Cristina Potente, Claudio Vio, Paola Viterbori, Maria Carmen Usai
Objective:This study examines the impact of visual and auditory distractors on attention and inhibition in children with and without ADHD.Method:The study used the MOXO d-CPT child version. The sample consisted of 208 children aged 8 to 12 years, including 64 with ADHD and 144 controls.Results:Children with ADHD and controls differed in their reaction to distracting stimuli; visual distractors cause
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Parental Report of Remission in ADHD: Results From a Community-Based, Nationally Representative Sample J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Lucy Barnard-Brak
Objective:Various studies have examined rates of remission in ADHD with mixed results.Method:Survival curve analyses were performed on a community-based sample.Results:The results of the current study appear to support the contemporary literature that rates of remission in ADHD are lower than have been found in many earlier studies. The current study also reports a mean age of remission in ADHD of
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ADHD in Adults: Does Age at Diagnosis Matter? J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Chloe Hutt Vater, Maura DiSalvo, Alyssa Ehrlich, Haley Parker, Hannah O’Connor, Stephen V. Faraone, Joseph Biederman
Objective:To provide additional information about clinical features associated with adult ADHD in patients diagnosed in childhood compared to those first diagnosed in adulthood.Method:We stratified a sample of adults with ADHD into patients diagnosed in childhood versus adulthood and compared demographic and clinical characteristics.Results:We found similar clinical features in adults diagnosed in
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Medication Treatment for Youth in Substance Use Disorder Residential Treatment J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Amy M. Yule, Victoria Mail, Rebecca Butler, Timothy E. Wilens
Objective:Residential is a common treatment setting for youth with high-severity substance use disorders (SUD). This study evaluated the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms and medication for youth in residential SUD treatment.Methods:Youth in Massachusetts state licensed and funded SUD residential programs completed questionnaires assessing demographics, primary substance of use, and psychopathology
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Genetic Association of Lipids and Lipid-Lowering Drug Target Genes With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Detong Guo, Wenchao Sheng, Yingzi Cai, Jianbo Shu, Chunquan Cai
Background:Lipid metabolism plays an essential role in nervous system development. Cholesterol deficiency leads to a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder and fragile X syndrome. There have been a lot of efforts to search for biological markers associated with and causal to ADHD, among which lipid is one possible etiological factor that is quite widely studied. We
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A Novel Intervention to Simultaneously Address the Dual Pathologies of Breathing Disorders During Sleep and Undiagnosed Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in School-Aged Children Ages 5-12. J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Hamza Paracha,Karen Parker Davidson,Corby Dixon,Zach Wilde
PURPOSE To evaluate the improvement of ADHD related symptoms in school-aged children ages 5 to 12 in treatment with a monobloc appliance (MOA) for Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB). METHODS A retrospective review of questionnaire scores of ADHD symptoms from school-aged children being treated with a MOA for SDB. Data was obtained from parent survey questionnaires of 40 school-aged children in three
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A Prospective Study of an Early Prediction Model of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Based on Artificial Intelligence. J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Gang Wang,Wanyue Li,Shixiong Huang,Zhuoming Chen
OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between the Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in China, and the application value of PSQ questionnaire. METHOD Two hundred two children aged 3 to 14 years were enrolled in this study. Statistical methods were used to screen characteristic factors and explore the relationship between PSQ items and ADHD. Machine
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Promoting Medication Adherence in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review with Meta-analysis and Qualitative Comparative Analysis. J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-25 Therdpong Thongseiratch,Kanokphorn Chalermphol,Pathrada Traipidok,Pattra Charleowsak
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of ADHD medication adherence interventions and explore the pathways to effectiveness. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using multiple databases to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Pooled effect sizes were calculated for medication adherence and ADHD symptom outcomes. Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) was used to identify pathways
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Stigma Related to Observable Symptoms, But Not Stimulant Medication Use, in Young Women With ADHD. J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-19 Will H Canu,M Jamie Cave,Jennifer M Nelson
OBJECTIVE ADHD is associated with stigma, but whether stimulant medication use contributes to this is unknown. We examined how perception of a young woman may be influenced by visible ADHD symptoms and/or prescribed stimulant medication use (PSMU). METHOD Three-hundred-fourteen undergraduates were randomly assigned to watch one of four videos: a woman portraying (a) neither symptoms of ADHD nor PSMU
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Sham-Controlled Neurofeedback Trials in ADHD are Appropriately Using Operant Conditioning. J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-19 Andrew Steven Neff
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Processing Speed Deficit and Its Relationship with Math Fluency in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-19 Clara S C Lee
OBJECTIVES (1) To determine the processing speed (PS) deficit in children with ADHD; and (2) To investigate if PS deficit was the primary cause of daily dysfunction in ADHD by testing the direct and indirect effects via working memory (WM) of PS on math fluency (MF). METHOD Seventy-eight children (52 children with ADHD and 26 controls) were tested on their motor, perceptual, cognitive, and verbal PS
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What Factors Contribute to Reading in ADHD: Examining Reading-Related Skills in Children With ADHD Only/Comorbid Developmental Dyslexia. J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-19 Wenjuan Liu,Tian Hong,Jiuju Wang,Linjun Zhang,Limei Kang,Changming Wang,Hua Shu,Yufeng Wang
BACKGROUND ADHD and developmental dyslexia (DD) frequently co-occur. However, it is unclear why some children with ADHD acquire DD while others do not. METHODS A total of 830 children (including typically developing controls, ADHD only, DD only, and ADHD + DD groups) of two ages (younger: first-third grade; older: fourth-sixth grade) were assessed on measures of reading ability and reading-related
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Does Emotion-Related Impulsivity Relate to Specific ADHD Symptom Dimensions, and Do the Effects Generalize Across Comorbid Internalizing and Externalizing Syndromes? J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Emily A Rosenthal,Hannah C Broos,Kiara R Timpano,Sheri L Johnson
BACKGROUND Recent work highlights the role of emotion dysregulation in the pathology of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). As such, emotion-related impulsivity (ERI), the trait-like tendency toward disinhibited thoughts (Pervasive Influence of Feelings, PIF) and actions (Feelings Trigger Action, FTA) during heightened emotional states, may be particularly relevant. We explored whether
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Is prevention of ADHD and comorbid conditions in adolescents possible? J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Benedetto Vitiello,Chiara Davico,Manfred Döpfner
OBJECTIVES To examine how the concept of prevention is applicable to adolescent ADHD, which preventive interventions may be feasible, and which methods can be used to evaluate effectiveness. METHOD Following a literature search for prevention clinical trials relevant to adolescent ADHD, selected studies are critically reviewed to identify suitable targets and promising interventions. RESULTS There
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Factors Influencing the Medication Adherence in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Its Impact on Healthcare Utilization. J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Ki Jin Jeun,Sabina Nduaguba,Mohammad A Al-Mamun
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the factors influencing medication adherence among adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and impact of central nervous system stimulants (CNS) adherence on healthcare utilization (HCU). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 2013 to 2019, with participants (≥18 years of age) with ADHD and had at
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BH4 as a Therapeutic Target for ADHD: Relevance to Neurotransmitters and Stress-Driven Symptoms. J. Atten. Disord. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Samson K Wilson,Jaya Thomas
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is a critical cofactor in a variety of metabolic pathways that have been linked to ADHD. There have been no previous studies utilizing BH4 as a supplement for ADHD. BH4 has been approved as a treatment for phenylketonuria (PKU). Individuals with PKU and ADHD appear to have low DA levels in common, suggesting that the hypodopaminergic state seen in both illnesses could be a