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Resting-state functional connectivity predicts recovery from visually induced motion sickness Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Jungo Miyazaki, Hiroki Yamamoto, Yoshikatsu Ichimura, Hiroyuki Yamashiro, Tomokazu Murase, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Masahiro Umeda, Toshihiro Higuchi
Movies depicting certain types of motion often provoke uncomfortable symptoms similar to motion sickness, termed visually induced motion sickness (VIMS). VIMS generally evolves slowly during the viewing of a motion stimulus and, when the stimulus is removed, the recovery proceeds over time. Recent human neuroimaging studies have provided new insights into the neural bases of the evolution of VIMS.
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Native non-prototypicality in vowel perception induces prominent neuromagnetic mismatch intensities in non-native speakers: a pilot study Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Mikio Kubota, Junko Matsuzaki, Ippeita Dan, Haruka Dan, George Zouridakis
Neural mismatch response resulting from the difference between prediction and observation is related to change detection and discrimination. Robust neuromagnetic brain activity of auditory mismatch-related perception occurs in response to non-prototypical vowels in across-category contrasts for first-language speakers. However, whether this non-prototypicality effect applies to within-category vowel
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Does co-presence affect the way we perceive and respond to emotional interactions? Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Julia Bachmann, Adam Zabicki, Stefan Gradl, Johannes Kurz, Jörn Munzert, Nikolaus F. Troje, Britta Krueger
This study compared how two virtual display conditions of human body expressions influenced explicit and implicit dimensions of emotion perception and response behavior in women and men. Two avatars displayed emotional interactions (angry, sad, affectionate, happy) in a “pictorial” condition depicting the emotional interactive partners on a screen within a virtual environment and a “visual” condition
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Perturbation-induced fast drifts in finger enslaving Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-09 Joseph Ricotta, Cristian Cuadra, Jacob S. Evans, Mark L. Latash
We explored changes in finger forces and in an index of unintentional finger force production (enslaving) under a variety of visual feedback conditions and positional finger perturbations. In particular, we tested a hypothesis that enslaving would show a consistent increase with time at characteristic times of about 1–2 s. Young healthy subjects performed accurate force production tasks under visual
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STEP inhibition prevents Aβ-mediated damage in dendritic complexity and spine density in Alzheimer’s disease Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-09 Manavi Chatterjee, Jeemin Kwon, Jessie Benedict, Marija Kamceva, Pradeep Kurup, Paul J. Lombroso
Loss of dendritic spines and decline of cognitive function are hallmarks of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previous studies have shown that AD pathophysiology involves increased expression of a central nervous system-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase called STEP (STriatal-Enriched protein tyrosine Phosphatase). STEP opposes the development of synaptic strengthening by dephosphorylating
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Abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein and neuroinflammation induced by laparotomy in an animal model of postoperative delirium Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Le Yu, Guanghua Wen, Shoufeng Zhu, Xianwen Hu, Chunxia Huang, Yan Yang
Postoperative delirium (POD) is an acute neuropsychological disturbance after surgery, whose prevalence is related with advancing age. Neuroinflammation and abnormal tau phosphorylation that commonly presenting in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may contribute to the progression and duration of POD. To study the acute influence of surgery on cognitive function, wild type male C57BL/6 N mice were randomly
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Linking perception of bodily states and cognitive control: the role of interoception in impulsive behaviour Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Chiara Baiano, Gabriella Santangelo, Vincenzo Paolo Senese, Gianluca Di Mauro, Giusy Lauro, Marta Piacenti, Massimiliano Conson
Interoception and impulsivity are two multi-dimensional constructs and although the role of interoception in impulsiveness has been previously reported, it is not clear whether their different facets are related to each other. In the present study, we aimed at bridging this gap by investigating the relationships between interoception and impulsivity in the light of their multi-dimensional nature. To
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Timing behavior in genetic murine models of neurological and psychiatric diseases Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Ayşe Karson, Fuat Balcı
How timing behavior is altered in different neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders is a contemporary research question. Genetic murine models (GMM) that offer high construct validity also serve as useful tools to investigate this question. But the literature on timing behavior of different GMMs largely remains to be consolidated. The current paper addresses this gap by reviewing studies
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Grasping performance depends upon the richness of hand feedback Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 Prajith Sivakumar, Derek J. Quinlan, Kevin M. Stubbs, Jody C. Culham
Although visual feedback of the hand allows fast and accurate grasping actions, little is known about whether the nature of feedback of the hand affects performance. We investigated kinematics during precision grasping (with the index finger and thumb) when participants received different levels of hand feedback, with or without visual feedback of the target. Specifically, we compared performance when
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Investigating the effects of pain observation on approach and withdrawal actions Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 Carl Michael Galang, Mina Pichtikova, Taryn Sanders, Sukhvinder S. Obhi
Previous research has shown that observing another individual receiving a painful stimulus leads to motor facilitation as indexed by faster reaction times. The current study explores whether the type of action that is executed modulates this facilitation effect. Specifically, we examined whether approach-like and withdraw-like movements are differentially influenced by pain observation. In experiment
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EEG signatures of contextual influences on visual search with real scenes Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Amir H. Meghdadi, Barry Giesbrecht, Miguel P. Eckstein
The use of scene context is a powerful way by which biological organisms guide and facilitate visual search. Although many studies have shown enhancements of target-related electroencephalographic activity (EEG) with synthetic cues, there have been fewer studies demonstrating such enhancements during search with scene context and objects in real world scenes. Here, observers covertly searched for a
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Influence of a light touch reference on cutaneous reflexes from the hand during standing Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 John E. Misiaszek, Heather Hackett, Arden J. McMahon, Jason Krutz
Light touch of a stable reference reduces sway during standing. However, unexpected displacement of a light touch reference leads to short-latency reactions in ankle muscles consistent with a balance reaction, that are replaced by responses in arm muscles on subsequent trials. We anticipated that the excitability of sensorimotor pathways arising from finger cutaneous afferents would reflect these changes
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Dual-tDCS over the right prefrontal cortex does not modulate stop-signal task performance Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Maximilian A. Friehs, Lisa Brauner, Christian Frings
Stopping an already initiated action is crucial for human everyday behavior and empirical evidence points toward the prefrontal cortex playing a key role in response inhibition. Two regions that have been consistently implicated in response inhibition are the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the more superior region of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The present study targets both
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A priming study on naming real versus pictures of tools Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Mutindi C. Kithu, Elizabeth J. Saccone, Sheila G. Crewther, Melvyn A. Goodale, Philippe A. Chouinard
There is a growing body of literature demonstrating the relationship between the activation of sensorimotor processes in object recognition. It is unclear, however, if these processes are influenced by the differences in how real (3D) tools and two-dimensional (2D) images of tools are processed by the brain. Here, we examined if these differences could influence the naming of tools. Participants were
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High intensity aerobic exercise improves information processing and motor performance in individuals with Parkinson’s disease Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Anson B. Rosenfeldt, Mandy Miller Koop, Hubert H. Fernandez, Jay L. Alberts
Parkinson’s disease (PD) adversely affects information processing and motor performance. The impact of aerobic exercise on modifying the deleterious effects of PD underlying information and motor control processes is not well established. The primary aim of this project was to determine the effects of an 8-week high intensity exercise intervention on information processing and movement execution in
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Does exposure to startle impact voluntary reaching movements in individuals with severe-to-moderate stroke? Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Marziye Rahimi, Zoe Swann, Claire F. Honeycutt
When movements of individuals with stroke (iwS) are elicited by startling acoustic stimulus (SAS), reaching movements are faster, further, and directed away from the body. However, these startle-evoked movements also elicit task-inappropriate flexor activity, raising concerns that chronic exposure to startle might also induce heightened flexor activity during voluntarily elicited movement. The objective
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Evidence of two modes of spiking evoked in human firing motoneurones by Ia afferent electrical stimulation Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Lydia P. Kudina, Regina E. Andreeva
Neurone firing behaviour is a result of complex interaction between synaptic inputs and cellular intrinsic properties. Intriguing firing behaviour, delayed spiking, was shown in some neurones, in particular, in cat neocortical neurones and rat pyramidal hippocampal neurones. In contrast, the similar spiking mode was not reported for animal spinal motoneurones. In the present study, an attempt was made
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Monocular guidance of reaches-to-grasp using visible support surface texture: data and model Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Rachel A. Herth, Xiaoye Michael Wang, Olivia Cherry, Geoffrey P. Bingham
We investigated monocular information for the continuous online guidance of reaches-to-grasp and present a dynamical control model thereof. We defined an information variable using optical texture projected from a support surface (i.e. a table) over which the participants reached-to-grasp target objects sitting on the table surface at different distances. Using either binocular or monocular vision
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Synchronous neuronal interactions in rat hypothalamic culture: a novel model for the study of network dynamics in metabolic disorders Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Vijayakumar Mavanji, Apostolos P. Georgopoulos, Catherine M. Kotz
Synchronous neural activity is a feature of normal brain function, and altered synchronization is observed in several neurological diseases. Dysfunction in hypothalamic pathways leads to obesity, suggesting that hypothalamic neural synchrony is critical for energy homeostasis. The lateral hypothalamic orexin neurons are extensively interconnected with other brain structures and are important for energy
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Talking with hands: body representation in British Sign Language users Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Federico Brusa, Lukas Kretzschmar, Francesca Giulia Magnani, Graham Turner, Maria Garraffa, Anna Sedda
Body representation (BR) refers to the mental representation of motor, sensory, emotional and semantic information about the physical body. This cognitive representation is used in our everyday life, continuously, even though most of the time we do not appreciate it consciously. In some cases, BR is vital to be able to communicate. A crucial feature of signed languages (SLs), for instance, is that
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Position sense at the human forearm over a range of elbow angles Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Benjamin Chen, Trevor Allen, Uwe Proske
Ten adult participants carried out two experiments on position sense at the forearm, one a two-arm matching task, the other a one-arm pointing task. For matching, both forearms were strapped to paddles which moved in the vertical plane between 0° and 90°. At the start of each trial, the arms were conditioned with a contraction sequence to control for the thixotropic property of muscle and muscle spindles
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Voluntary exercise ameliorates the good limb training effect in a mouse model of stroke Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Victoria Nemchek, Emma M. Haan, Rachel Mavros, Amanda Macuiba, Abigail L. Kerr
Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability in the United States, making research on rehabilitation imperative. Stroke rehabilitation typically focuses on recovery of the impaired limb, although this process is tedious. Compensatory use of the intact limb after stroke is more efficient, but it is known to negatively impact the impaired limb. Exercise may help with this problem; research has
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Effects of holding soft objects during Cyberball tasks under frequent positive feedback Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 Toshiki Ikeda, Yuji Takeda
A previous study suggested that holding soft objects enhanced expectations of uncertain events and increased social pain under frequent negative feedback; i.e., higher expectations might have induced more disappointment. The present study examined the effects of holding a soft cushion under frequent positive feedback. Participants (n = 42) performed fair-play and over-inclusion blocks in the Cyberball
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Compensatory control between the legs in automatic postural responses to stance perturbations under single-leg fatigue Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 Carla Daniele Pacheco Rinaldin, Júlia Avila de Oliveira, Caroline Ribeiro de Souza, Eduardo Mendonça Scheeren, Daniel Boari Coelho, Luis Augusto Teixeira
In response to sudden perturbations of stance stability, muscles of both legs are activated for balance recovery. In conditions that one of the legs has a reduced capacity to respond, the opposite leg is predicted to compensate by responding more powerfully to restore stable upright stance. In this investigation, we aimed to evaluate between-leg compensatory control in automatic postural responses
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Reconstruction of net force fluctuations from surface EMGs of multiple muscles in steady isometric plantarflexion Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 Ryosei Suzuki, Hiroaki Kanehisa, Sohei Washino, Hironori Watanabe, Minoru Shinohara, Yasuhide Yoshitake
The purposes of this study were to clarify if force fluctuations during steady multi-muscle contractions have a temporal correlation with a low-frequency component of rectified surface EMG (rEMG) in the involved muscles and collection of that component across muscles allows for the reconstruction of force fluctuations across a wide range of contraction intensities. Healthy young men (n = 15) exerted
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Enhancing creativity by altering the frontoparietal control network functioning using transcranial direct current stimulation Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 Adi Lifshitz-Ben-Basat, Nira Mashal
The left angular gyrus (AG), part of the frontotemporal network, is implicated in creative thinking, including verbal creativity tasks such as novel metaphor generation. The current study tested the effects of tDCS over the left AG on two metaphor generation tasks. The study was a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, crossover study of anodal vs. cathodal stimulation by tDCS. Compared to sham
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When the non-dominant arm dominates: the effects of visual information and task experience on speed-accuracy advantages Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 Brooke Dexheimer, Robert Sainburg
Speed accuracy trade-off, the inverse relationship between movement speed and task accuracy, is a ubiquitous feature of skilled motor performance. Many previous studies have focused on the dominant arm, unimanual performance in both simple tasks, such as target reaching, and complex tasks, such as overarm throwing. However, while handedness is a prominent feature of human motor performance, the effect
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Comparison of systemic and localized carrier-mediated delivery of methylprednisolone succinate for treatment of acute spinal cord injury Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 Maxim E. Baltin, Diana E. Sabirova, Elvira I. Kiseleva, Marat I. Kamalov, Timur I. Abdullin, Natalia V. Petrova, Nafis F. Ahmetov, Oscar A. Sachenkov, Tatiana V. Baltina, Igor A. Lavrov
Localized carrier-mediated administration of drugs is a promising approach to treatment of acute phase of spinal cord injury (SCI) as it allows enhanced and/or sustained drug delivery to damaged tissues along with minimization of systemic side effects. We studied the effect of locally applied self-assembling micellar formulation of methylprednisolone succinate (MPS) with trifunctional block copolymer
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Obesity impairs performing and learning a timing perception task regardless of the body position Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 Fernanda Mottin Refinetti, Ricardo Drews, Umberto Cesar Corrêa, Flavio Henrique Bastos
Obesity has been associated with poorer sensorimotor performance. However, it remains unclear whether these obesity-related impairments can be mitigated by practice. In the present study, we sought to investigate the effects of practice on performing and learning a temporal estimation task, in women with and without obesity. The experimental task consisted of synchronizing the arrival of two rectangles
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The role of nitric oxide in anticonvulsant effects of lycopene supplementation on pentylenetetrazole-induced epileptic seizures in rats Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Ahmet Sevki Taskiran, Yasar Tastemur
Recent studies have shown that natural antioxidant compounds have positive effects on the nervous system. Lycopene, the red pigment in tomatoes, is one of the potent natural antioxidants, and is used as supplementation because of its well-known health benefits. However, its effect on epileptic seizures and underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect
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Impact of the number of conditioning pulses on motor cortex excitability: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-29 Petyo Nikolov, Johanna V. Zimmermann, Shady S. Hassan, Philipp Albrecht, Alfons Schnitzler, Stefan J. Groiss
Conditioning transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with subthreshold conditioning stimulus followed by supra-threshold test stimulus at inter-stimulus intervals (ISI) of 1–5 ms results in inhibition (SICI), while ISI at 10–15 ms results in facilitation (ICF). One concerning issue, applying ICF/SICI protocols on patients is the substantial protocol variability. Here, we hypothesized that increasing
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Eye tracking and attentional bias for depressive internet memes in depression Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-17 Umair Akram, Jason G. Ellis, Glhenda Cau, Frayer Hershaw, Ashlieen Rajenthran, Mollie Lowe, Carissa Trommelen, Jennifer Drabble
Previous research highlights the potential benefits of engaging with depressive internet memes for those experiencing symptoms of depression. This study aimed to determine whether: compared to non-depressed controls, individuals experiencing depressive symptoms were quicker to orient and maintain overall attention for internet memes depicting depressive content relative to neutral memes. N = 21 individuals
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Adaptation of reach action to a novel force-field is not predicted by acuity of dynamic proprioception in either older or younger adults Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-14 Nick M. Kitchen, R. Chris Miall
Healthy ageing involves degeneration of the neuromuscular system which impacts movement control and proprioception. Yet the relationship between these sensory and motor deficits in upper limb reaching has not been examined in detail. Recently, we reported that age-related proprioceptive deficits were unrelated to accuracy in rapid arm movements, but whether this applied in motor tasks more heavily
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The steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) reflects the activation of cortical object representations: evidence from semantic stimulus repetition Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-14 Elise L. Radtke, Ulla Martens, Thomas Gruber
We applied high-density EEG to examine steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) during a perceptual/semantic stimulus repetition design. SSVEPs are evoked oscillatory cortical responses at the same frequency as visual stimuli flickered at this frequency. In repetition designs, stimuli are presented twice with the repetition being task irrelevant. The cortical processing of the second stimulus
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Early posterior negativity indicates time dilation by arousal Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-12-05 Ezgi Özoğlu, Roland Thomaschke
We investigated whether Early Posterior Negativity (EPN) indicated the subjective dilation of time when judging the duration of arousing stimuli. Participants performed a visual temporal bisection task along with high-level and low-level arousing auditory stimuli, while we simultaneously recorded EEG. In accordance with previous studies, arousing stimuli were temporally overestimated and led to higher
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Preventing action slows down performance in perceptual judgment Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-13 D. Quarona, M. Raffuzzi, M. Costantini, C. Sinigaglia
Action and vision are known to be tightly coupled with each other. In a previous study, we found that repeatedly grasping an object without any visual feedback might result in a perceptual aftereffect when the object was visually presented in the context of a perceptual judgement task. In this study, we explored whether and how such an effect could be modulated by presenting the object behind a transparent
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Influence of action video gaming on spatial representation in the haptic modality Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-09-29 Hanneke I. Van Mier, Hui Jiao
Spatial representation in the haptic domain has been shown to be prone to systematic errors. When participants are asked to make two bars haptically parallel, their performance deviates from what would be veridically parallel. This is hypothesized to be caused by the bias of the egocentric reference frame. Stimulating the use of an allocentric reference frame has previously been shown to improve performance
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Molecular hydrogen alleviates brain injury and cognitive impairment in a chronic sequelae model of murine polymicrobial sepsis Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-14 Yi Jiang, Kai Zhang, Yang Yu, Yaoqi Wang, Naqi Lian, Keliang Xie, Yonghao Yu
Sepsis-related encephalopathy (SAE), which causes a series of brain injuries and long-term, potentially irreversible cognitive dysfunction, is closely associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Hydrogen (H2) is a new type of medical gas molecule that has been widely used in the treatment of various diseases in recent years. The aim of the present study was to explore the protective effects
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Gait characteristics of children with Williams syndrome with impaired visuospatial recognition: a three-dimensional gait analysis study Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-14 Yuji Ito, Tadashi Ito, Naoko Kurahashi, Nobuhiko Ochi, Koji Noritake, Hideshi Sugiura, Seiji Mizuno, Hiroyuki Kidokoro, Jun Natsume, Miho Nakamura
Williams syndrome (WS) is a genetically based neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability and impaired visuospatial recognition. The aim of this study was to analyze the gait characteristics of WS children with impaired visuospatial recognition using a three-dimensional gait analysis (3DGA) to clarify the gait adaptation needed to compensate for it. 3DGA was performed in 8
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Chronic impairments of static postural stability associated with history of concussion Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-09-30 Nicholas Reilly, Jessica Prebor, Jacquelyn Moxey, Eric Schussler
Postural stability deficits are commonly observed in cases of concussion. However, the objective duration in which impairments of standing postural stability remain following a concussion is often inconclusive. The present study was conducted to determine if prior history of concussion is associated with deficits in postural stability beyond the clinical determination of recovery. It was hypothesized
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The instantaneous training demand drives vestibulo-ocular reflex adaptation Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-18 William V. C. Figtree, Michael C. Schubert, Carlo N. Rinaudo, Americo A. Migliaccio
The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) maintains stable vision during rapid head rotations by rotating the eyes in the opposite direction to the head. The latency between onset of the head rotation and onset of the eye rotation is 5–8 ms in healthy humans. However, VOR latency can be 3–4 times larger in patients treated with intra-tympanic gentamicin. A prior study showed that latency can be trained with
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Examining the equivalence between imagery and execution within the spatial domain – Does motor imagery account for signal-dependent noise? Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-21 James W. Roberts, Greg Wood, Caroline J. Wakefield
Motor imagery is suggested to be functionally equivalent to physical execution as they each utilise a common neural representation. The present study examined whether motor imagery correspondingly reflects the spatial characteristics of physically executed movements, including the signal-dependent noise that typically manifests in more variable end locations (as indicated by effective target width;
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The impact of emotional videos and emotional static faces on postural control through a personality trait approach Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-14 Angélique Lebert, Laurence Chaby, Chloé Garnot, Dorine Vergilino-Perez
During social interactions, perception of emotions affects motor behaviour by triggering responses like freezing or approach and avoidance reactions. It is however difficult to get a clear picture of the relationship between emotion and posture as previous studies showed inconsistent results, due to methodological differences on stimuli and/or the postural measures used. In this study, we thoroughly
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The influence of the Sander parallelogram illusion and early, middle and late vision on goal-directed reaching and grasping Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-23 Tiffany A. Carther-Krone, Shannon A. Senanayake, Jonathan J. Marotta
Vision is one of the most robust sensory inputs used for the execution of goal-directed actions. Despite a history of extensive visuomotor research, how individuals process visual context for the execution of movements continues to be debated. This experiment examines how early, middle and late visuomotor control is impacted by illusory characteristics in a reaching and grasping task. Participants
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Negative relationship between brain α 1A -AR neurotransmission and βArr2 levels in anxious adolescent rats subjected to early life stress Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 Maryam Mahmoodkhani, Mohammad Amini, Leila Derafshpour, Maedeh Ghasemi, Nasrin Mehranfard
Early-life stress is correlated with the development of anxiety-related behavior in adolescence, but underlying mechanisms remain poorly known. The α1A-adrenergic receptor (AR) is linked to mood regulation and its function is assumed to be regulated by β-arrestins (βArrs) via desensitization and downregulation. Here, we investigated correlation between changes in α1A-AR and βArr2 levels in the prefrontal
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Non-informative vision improves spatial tactile discrimination on the shoulder but does not influence detection sensitivity Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-13 Fabrizio Leo, Sara Nataletti, Luca Brayda
Vision of the body has been reported to improve tactile acuity even when vision is not informative about the actual tactile stimulation. However, it is currently unclear whether this effect is limited to body parts such as hand, forearm or foot that can be normally viewed, or it also generalizes to body locations, such as the shoulder, that are rarely before our own eyes. In this study, subjects consecutively
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Multiple strategies to correct errors in foot placement and control speed in human walking Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-18 Shakiba Rafiee, Tim Kiemel
Neural feedback plays a key role in maintaining locomotor stability in the face of perturbations. In this study, we systematically identified properties of neural feedback that contribute to stabilizing human walking by examining how the nervous system responds to small kinematic deviations away from the desired gait pattern. We collected data from 20 participants (9 men and 11 women). We simultaneously
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Differential effects of early exposure to alcohol on alcohol preference and blood alcohol levels in low- and high-anxious rats Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-09-27 Renata Ferreira Sgobbi, Manoel Jorge Nobre
Emotional disturbances emerge following alcohol withdrawal. The anxiolytic effect of alcohol may be one important motivation for its consumption in conditions where alcohol intake is anxiety reducing. Besides, early alcohol experience will predict future alcohol-related problems at some point in their lives. Rats classified according to their anxiety-like behavior phenotype show a higher preference
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Relationship between interhemispheric inhibition and bimanual coordination: absence of instrument specificity on motor performance in professional musicians Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-15 Yi-Ling Kuo, Beth E. Fisher
Functional reorganization in a musician’s brain has long been considered strong evidence of experience-dependent neuroplasticity. Highly coordinated bimanual movements require abundant communication between bilateral hemispheres. Interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) is the communication between bilateral primary motor cortices, and there is beginning evidence to suggest that IHI is modified according
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Left hemisphere damage produces deficits in predictive control of bilateral coordination. Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-09-24 Jacob E Schaffer,Candice Maenza,David C Good,Andrzej Przybyla,Robert L Sainburg
Previous research has demonstrated hemisphere-specific motor deficits in ipsilesional and contralesional unimanual movements in patients with hemiparetic stroke due to MCA infarct. Due to the importance of bilateral motor actions on activities of daily living, we now examine how bilateral coordination may be differentially affected by right or left hemisphere stroke. To avoid the caveat of simply adding
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Spatiotemporal characteristics of locomotor adaptation of walking with two handheld poles Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-19 Hiroki Obata, Tetsuya Ogawa, Hikaru Yokoyama, Naotsugu Kaneko, Kimitaka Nakazawa
Pole walking (PW) has received attention not only as a whole-body exercise that can be adapted for elderly people with poor physical fitness but also as a possible intervention for the restoration of gait function in normal walking without the use of poles (i.e., conventional walking CW). However, the characteristics of PW, especially how and why PW training affects CW, remain unclear. The purpose
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Increased substance P-like immunoreactivities in parabrachial and amygdaloid nuclei in a rat model with masticatory myofascial pain Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-12 Yueh-Ling Hsieh, Bor-Tsang Wu, Chen-Chia Yang
This study explores the involvement of substance P (SP) in the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) and central amygdaloid nucleus (CeA) in the nociception–emotion link and of rats with masticatory myofascial pain (MMP) induced by chronic tetanic eccentric muscle contraction. A total of 18 rats were randomly and equally assigned for MMP (MMP group) and sham-MMP induction (sMMP group). MMP was induced by electrical-stimulated
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Non-selective inhibition of the motor system following unexpected and expected infrequent events. Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-09-19 Carly Iacullo,Darcy A Diesburg,Jan R Wessel
Motor inhibition is a key control mechanism that allows humans to rapidly adapt their actions in response to environmental events. One of the hallmark signatures of rapidly exerted, reactive motor inhibition is the non-selective suppression of cortico-spinal excitability (CSE): unexpected sensory stimuli lead to a suppression of CSE across the entire motor system, even in muscles that are inactive
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Synergic control of action in levodopa-naïve Parkinson’s disease patients: II. Multi-muscle synergies stabilizing vertical posture Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-10-17 Sandra M. S. F. Freitas, Paulo B. de Freitas, Ali Falaki, Tyler Corson, Mechelle M. Lewis, Xuemei Huang, Mark L. Latash
Postural instability is a major disabling feature in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We quantified the organization of leg and trunk muscles into synergies stabilizing the center of pressure (COP) coordinate within the uncontrolled manifold hypothesis in levodopa-naïve patients with PD and age-matched control subjects. The main hypothesis was that changes in the synergic control of posture are present early
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Expansion of space for visuotactile interaction during visually induced self-motion Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-04 Naoki Kuroda, Wataru Teramoto
Peripersonal space (PPS), which refers to space immediately around an individual’s body, plays an important role in interacting with external objects and avoiding unsafe situations. Studies suggest that, during self-motion perception, PPS expands in the direction in which a person perceives himself/herself to be traveling. In the present study, we built on this by investigating, using visually induced
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Role of central endothelin-1 in hyperalgesia, anhedonia, and hypolocomotion induced by endotoxin in male rats Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-04 Luís Alexandre Lomba, Juliana Varella Cruz, Letícia Costa Mastrangelo Coelho, Mariane Cristina Guttervill Leite-Avalca, Diego Correia, Aleksander Roberto Zampronio
Sickness syndrome is an adaptive response that can be distinguished by specific signs and symptoms, such as fever and generalized hyperalgesia. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is produced by inflammatory stimuli, including lipopolysaccharide, and involved in the pathogenesis of inflammation and pain by acting through ETA and ETB receptors. ET-1 also induces fever by acting on the central nervous system. The present
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Effects of blocked vs. interleaved administration mode on saccade preparatory set revealed using pupillometry Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-03 Naila Ayala, Ewa Niechwiej-Szwedo
Eye movements have been used extensively to assess information processing and cognitive function. However, significant variability in saccade performance has been observed, which could arise from methodological variations across different studies. For example, prosaccades and antisaccades have been studied using either a blocked or interleaved design, which has a significant influence on error rates
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Differences in perceived durations between plausible biological and non-biological stimuli Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-02 Giuliana Martinatti Giorjiani, Claudinei Eduardo Biazoli, Marcelo Salvador Caetano
Visual motion stimuli can sometimes distort our perception of time. This effect is dependent on the apparent speed of the moving stimulus, where faster stimuli are usually perceived lasting longer than slower stimuli. Although it has been shown that neural and cognitive processing of biological motion stimuli differ from non-biological motion stimuli, no study has yet investigated whether perceived
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Use of transcranial magnetic stimulation to assess relaxation rates in unfatigued and fatigued knee-extensor muscles Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-02 Gianluca Vernillo, Arash Khassetarash, Guillaume Y. Millet, John Temesi
We examined whether transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) delivered to the motor cortex allows assessment of muscle relaxation rates in unfatigued and fatigued knee extensors (KE). We assessed the ability of this technique to measure time course of fatigue-induced changes in muscle relaxation rate and compared relaxation rate from resting twitches evoked by femoral nerve stimulation. Twelve healthy
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Sensorimotor delays in tracking may be compensated by negative feedback control of motion-extrapolated position Exp. Brain Res. (IF 1.591) Pub Date : 2020-11-02 Maximilian G. Parker, Andrew P. Weightman, Sarah F. Tyson, Bruce Abbott, Warren Mansell
Sensorimotor delays dictate that humans act on outdated perceptual information. As a result, continuous manual tracking of an unpredictable target incurs significant response delays. However, no such delays are observed for repeating targets such as the sinusoids. Findings of this kind have led researchers to claim that the nervous system constructs predictive, probabilistic models of the world. However