Abstract The in vitro model of serum deprivation shows that the survival of SH-SY5Y neuronal cells is ensured by the intrinsic trophic activity of BDNF loop 4 mimetic GSB-106 (10–7 М), which is comparable to that of endogenous neurotrophin (10–9 М). The analysis of the cell cycle and S-phase showed that GSB-106, similarly to BDNF, induces the cell-cycle arrest in the G1 phase, diminishes the number

Abstract The influence of XRCC1 protein oxidation on the modification of proteins catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases (PARP1 and PARP2) was studied for the first time. XRCC1, PARP1, and PARP2, functioning as scaffold proteins, are responsible for coordination of multistep repair of most abundant DNA lesions. We showed that the XRCC1 oxidation reduces the efficiency of its ADP-ribosylation and

Abstract PARP 1 alters the wrapping of nucleosomal DNA on the histone octamer, thereby modulating the accessibility of different genome sites to nuclear protein factors. Here, we show that non-structured histone tails are involved in the PARP1-induced structural rearrangements in nucleosomes, facilitate and stabilize them, but do not affect the enzymatic activity of PARP1.

Abstract The effect of γ-radiation on the level of nuclear DNA damage in onion seedlings (Allium-test) was studied using the comet assay. DNA breaks were first found in cells of onion seedlings exposed to low-dose radiation (≤ 0.1 Gy). Dose dependence of DNA damage parameters showed nonlinear behavior: a linear section in the low-dose region (below 0.1 Gy) and a dose-independent plateau in the dose

Abstract ENY2 protein of Drosophila melanogaster was previously discovered and characterized in our laboratory [1, 2]. It was found that ENY2 is a subunit of several multiprotein complexes and connects various stages of gene expression [3–5]. This work is devoted to studying the interaction of ENY2 with RNA helicase MLE. This interaction was confirmed by independent methods. Data indicating that this

Abstract In the present study we showed that the recombinant analogue of the SLURP-1 protein effectively inhibits the growth of a 3D model of tumors—multicellular spheroids reconstructed from human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells and human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. The combined application of rSLURP-1 with gefitinib (inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)) leads to the synergistic

Abstract Results obtained showed that infection with HCMV prevented the death of THP-1 cells treated with DOX in both active and latent forms of infection. In the presence of mTOR inhibitors (rapamycin and Torin2), the sensitivity of the infected cells to DOX was restored. Rapamycin inhibited the expression of the HCMV protein IE1-p72 and increased sensitivity to DOX. Molecular targets for the creation

Abstract The effect of melatonin on respiration and production (release) of hydrogen peroxide during succinate oxidation in mitochondria isolated from lupine cotyledons and epicotyls of pea seedlings was studied. It was shown for the first time that melatonin (10–7–10–3 M) had a significant inhibitory effect on the production of peroxide by plant mitochondria, which was characterized by concentration

Abstract This work is dedicated to proving our hypothesis that catecholamines and their metabolites play a crucial role in the development of retinopathy of prematurity, which leads to progressive uncontrollable vascularization in the retina, leading to blindness. The study was performed in an animal model of retinopathy of prematurity, which was achieved by hyperoxygenation in rats on postnatal days

Abstract Nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons (DNs), involved in the regulation of motor function, are characterized by a high plasticity. Indeed, at the death of up to 50% of DNs in Parkinson’s disease, the survived neurons provide normal regulation. This study was aimed to determine whether the vesicle cycle proteins, syntaxin Ia (Syn Ia), synaptotagmin I (Syt I), Rab5a, and complexins I and II (Cmpx

Abstract In the present work, the APX gene encoding ascorbate peroxidase in the moss Dicranum scoparium was for the first time cloned and sequenced, and a high homology of APX with ascorbate peroxidase genes of the mosses Grimmia pilifera and Physcomitrella patens was shown. The structure of the protein was characterized using bioinfomatics approach, and the activity of the enzyme under abiotic stresses

Abstract Targeted toxins are promising anticancer agents that allow selectively destroying cancer cells due to the increased content of onco-specific markers on their surface. The use of such anti-cancer toxins in medicine is mainly hampered by their high non-specific toxicity, in particular, hepatotoxicity. In our work on human cell line, we have shown that the removal of the DARPin-PE40 translocation

Abstract Recombinant analogue of the sea anemone Heteractismagnifica peptide was obtained, and the kinetic parameters of its interaction with mammalian α-amylases were determined. Magnificamide inhibits α-amylases significantly stronger than the medical drug acarbose (PrecoseTM or GlucobayTM). Magnificamide is assumed to find application as a drug for prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders

Abstract The results of long-term author’s studies of the optical and complex-forming properties of more than 30 synthetic low-molecular-weight fluorophores specific for DNA are described. These studies made it possible to significantly expand the already existing database of properties of such compounds, clarify the ideas about the patterns linking the mentioned properties of fluorophores with their

A mass spectrometric method has been developed for determining the content of dopamine and serotonin derivatives, which allows evaluating the efficiency of their penetration through artificial membranes depending on the structure of their peptide fragment. In this case, the diffusion of dopamine and serotonin derivatives through the membrane occurred as a result of competitive interactions. It was

Using Fura-2AM microfluorimetry, we have shown for the first time that sigma-1 receptor agonist-tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline-significantly inhibits store-dependent Ca2+ entry, induced by endoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase inhibitors thapsigargin and cyclopiazonic acid, in rat peritoneal macrophages. The results suggest a possible involvement of sigma-1 receptors in the regulation of store-dependent

The antioxidant and antiradical properties of the tetra nitrosyl iron complex with thiosulfate ligands (TNIC) were studied in vitro in mouse brain homogenates. It was found for the first time that TNIC is an effective antioxidant. The effect of TNIC on the catalytic activity of mitochondrial enzymes cytochrome c oxidase and monoamine oxidase A was studied. It was shown for the first time that TNIC

Selective anxiolytic fabomotizole (Afobazol®) has affinity for the Sigma-1 chaperone receptor site, quinone reductase 2 (NQO2) and MAO-A regulatory sites, and melatonin receptor type 1 (MT1 receptor). The analysis of the effect of fabomotizole on the gene expression profile in the brain of MR (Maudsley Reactive) rats was carried out when modeling emotional stress in the open field test. A change in

A new algorithm for computation of the initial velocity of enzyme reaction at the time zero is proposed. This algorithm makes it possible to reduce the systematic error of measurements to the minimum, to estimate the reaction velocity in test samples regardless of the enzyme activity levels, and to minimize the assay time. The study is illustrated by an example of salivary alpha-amylase and standard

The interaction of the GAF protein with the promoters of neuron-specific genes during activation and repression of transcription was studied. We showed that, while the Su(Hw) protein remains stably associated with the promoters of these genes at different transcriptional state, the GAF protein level is significantly higher when transcription is activated.

A study of the processes of lipid peroxidation and the activity of the peroxidase enzyme, as well as photosynthetic pigments in susceptible tomato plants treated with salicylic acid (SA), during infection with the root-knot nematode Meloidogyneincognita. It was shown that, in the roots of SA-treated plants, the activity of lipid peroxidation is higher compared to the untreated plants, especially in

To compare the biosynthesis pathways of aromatic and isoprenoid cytokinins, a series of nucleoside derivatives of natural cytokinins was synthesized and their cytokinin activity was determined in a test system based on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Cytokinin nucleosides are known to lack the hormonal activity until cleaving the ribose moiety at the position 9. Our experiments have shown that

Four dimeric disintegrins were isolated from the venom of the steppe viper V. ursinii using liquid chromatography. Disintegrins prevented adhesion of MCF7 cells to fibronectin, which indicates their interaction with integrin receptors of the αVβ1 type. According to mass spectrometry data, the molar masses of disintegrins are about 14 kDa. The method of peptide mapping established the structure of a

Plasminogen, the precursor of plasmin, is a serine protease that plays a fundamental role in the intravascular thrombolysis. For the first time, by using high-resolution mass spectrometry, data on the oxidative modifications of the plasminogen molecule under induced oxidation were obtained. The FTIR data show that, under oxidation on the protein, its secondary structure also undergoes the rearrangements

Partial sequences of P-type ATPases were cloned from the marine microalgae Dunaliella maritima, two putative H+-ATPases (DmHA1 and DmHA2) and two putative Ca2+-ATPases (DmCA1 and DmCA2). The probable functions of the cloned proteins were suggested on the basis of their primary structure similarity with the proteins whose functions have been already characterized. The transcriptional response of the

It was shown previously that cycloprolylglycine, an endogenous neuropeptide, is a positive AMPA receptor modulator and is able to increase the content of BDNF in neurons. In the present study, using the model of learned helplessness in rats, we showed that cycloprolylglycine at a dose of 1 mg/kg at subchronic intraperitoneal administration reduced the time of animal immobility to passive control values

It was shown for the first time that pentaamino acid derivative of fullerene C60 (potassium salt of fullerenylpenta-N-dihydroxytyrosine) affects three targets of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It competitively inhibits the enzymes aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase and also has an antiglycation effect on bovine serum albumin. The inhibition constants for these enzymes were calculated.

High contents of interferon and CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes were found in blood and spleen cells of mice after their oral vaccination with the "early" protein of HPV16 E2 by using ELISPOT, Western blot hybridization, and enzyme immunoassay technique. It was concluded that the "early" protein HPV16 E2 is involved in the immune system activation during control of pathogenesis and neoplasia.

A new derivative of 3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane, which showed a high activity as a positive allosteric modulator of AMPA receptors of the CNS, was studied in electrophysiological experiments. At doses of 0.01 mg/kg, this compound significantly improved the memory of experimental animals disturbed by maximal electric shock. The results indicate that this compound is a promising candidate for preclinical

The search for potential partners of human SELM in lysates of two cancer cell lines, HT-1080 (fibrosarcoma) and MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), was carried out. Two cytoplasmic actin isoforms-cytoplasmic actin 1 (cytoskeleton β-actin) and cytoplasmic actin 2 (cytoskeletal γ-actin)-were identified as partners. In addition, the influence of two widely used antitumor selenium compounds (sodium selenite

The antiproliferative effect of the "early" protein E2 of the high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus HPV16 on mouse testis tumors, which were induced by the intramuscular injection of HeLa cells, was discovered. The regression of tumors was maximum in the first 2 days after the oral vaccination with HPV16 E2 (500 mg per mouse) and then gradually decreased to the control variant. A typical monolayer

The results of assembling the light-harvesting complexes in the cells of the purple sulfur bacterium Thiorhodospira (T.) sibirica strain Kir-3 while suppressing the biosynthesis of carotenoids with diphenylamine (DPA) were studied. LH2 complexes (B800-850 and B800-830) with different carotenoid composition were isolated from the cells obtained. Maximum inhibition of carotenoid biosynthesis (~90% of

The study of the influence of cobra Naja oxiana cardiotoxins on the contractility of the rat papillary muscles and its rhythmoinotropic characteristics has shown that the presence of toxins induces a slight contractility decrease in the stimulation frequency range up to 0.1 Hz. In the stimulation frequency range from 0.1 to 0.5 Hz, a positive inotropic effect is found. However, the positive inotropic

The effect of pinacidil was studied on calcium-loaded rat heart mitochondria (RHM) in the presence of succinate and rotenone. In experiments with pinacidil, the swelling of these mitochondria increased in media with NH4NO3 or K-acetate, but the inner membrane potential (ΔΨmito) and the respiration in 3 or 2,4-dinitrophenol-stimulated states of these organelles decreased due to the opening of the mitochondrial

Psoriasis therapy remains an extremely relevant area of modern drug design, due to necessity of adverse reaction reduction, inherent for actual methods of therapy. It was established that two serine proteases-neutrophil elastase 1 (HNE1) and cathepsin G (CatG)-are the key agents in psoriasis development. The collected molecular data for the presented targets form the basis for the molecular modeling

The freezing tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. was studied in relation to functioning of the ethylene signaling pathway. Constitutive freezing tolerance was compared in wild-type plants (ecotype Col-0) and ethylene-insensitive mutants etr1-1 and ein2-1. For the first time it was established that the ethylene-insensitive mutants had a 25-30% lower net photosynthesis rate, a decreased content

We studied the effect of zinc excess (1000 μM) and low positive temperature (4°C) on the IRT1 gene expression in barley roots and leaves. Exposure at each of the stress factors separately induced an increase in the content of the HvIRT1 gene transcripts, which was more pronounced in leaves. At the same time, the growth of seedlings continued. Under the combined action of the stress factors in the first

The interaction of Kunitz-type peptide, HMIQ3c1, from the sea anemone Heteractis magnifica with several serine proteases, including inflammatory proteases, was investigated using the surface plasmon resonance approach. We showed that the recombinant analog of HMIQ3c1 forms sufficiently strong complexes with trypsin (KD = 1.07 × 10-9 М) and chymotrypsin (KD = 4.70 × 10-8 М). Analysis of thermodynamic

The effect of aqueous unmodified fullerene C60 dispersions (AFD) at a concentration of 5 mg/L on the total number and metabolic activity of heterotrophic river bacteroplankton was investigated. The stimulating effect of AFD on the number of bacterioplankton and on the activity of electron transport chains in its cells is shown. It is established that, in the presence of AFD, the bactericidal activity

Three-finger snake neurotoxins are selective antagonists of some nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes and are widely used to study these receptors. The peptide neurotoxin azemiopsin, recently isolated from the venom of Azemipos feae, is a selective blocker of muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. In order to reduce their toxicity and increase resistance under physiological conditions,

According to the results of theoretical and experimental analysis of the characteristics of the propagation of acoustic vibrations in the respiratory system, it is necessary to determine the resonant frequency of the respiratory tract to increase the vital capacity of the lungs by opening reserve alveoli by acoustic stimulation of the respiratory system and then to affect the respiratory system with

This work represents one part of our research project, in which we attempted to prove that a humoral regulation between noradrenaline-producing organs exist in the perinatal period. In this study, we used a rat model that allowed blocking the synthesis of noradrenalin in the brain and evaluated gene expression and protein levels of noradrenaline key synthesis enzymes such as tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)

The results of the study of the effect of a mononuclear dinitrosyl iron complex (DNIC7) with functional sulfur-containing ligands (NO donors) on the viability of multiple myeloma cells are presented. It was shown that DNIC7 decreased cell viability and inhibited the proliferation of multiple myeloma cells, i.e., exhibits cytotoxic properties. Fluorescent analysis showed that the DNIC7 compound decreases

In this work, we investigated the NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenase activity in different fields of the solid form of Ehrlich carcinoma. It was shown that there is a metabolic distinction between different fields of the solid tumor. In this way, there is a significant difference between the ascites and solid type of Ehrlich carcinoma. In the central area of the tested sample of tumor tissue, there is

The composition of fatty acids of total lipids of the outer and parenchymal parts of the pericarp in Cydonia oblonga Mill. and Mespilus germanica L. (Maloideae, Rosaceae), growing in the Northern Caucasian mountains at altitudes of 300, 500, 700, and 1200 m above sea level in various natural zones from experimental sites, was studied for the first time. It is established that the altitude of plant

TRF2 protein (TBP-related factor 2) can substitute for TBP forming alternative transcription initiation complexes on TATA-less promoters, including the promoters of histone H1 and piRNA clusters required for transposon repression. The Drosophilatrf2 gene codes for two isoforms: a "short" and a "long" one, in which the same short TRF2 sequence is preceded by a long N-terminal domain. Here, we demonstrated

Cardiolipin (CL) plays a central role in lipid peroxidation (LPO) of the mitochondrial inner membrane due to higher content of unsaturated fatty acids in CL in comparison with the other phospholipids. CL oxidation plays an important role in the regulation of various intracellular signaling pathways and its excessive oxidation contributes to the development of various pathologies and, possibly, participates

The direct action of singlet oxygen on the bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) of light-harvesting complexes in the membranes of four species of purple non-sulfur and sulfur photosynthesizing bacteria with and without carotenoids was studied. It was found that BChl in carotenoidless samples is generally more resistant to the action of singlet oxygen compared to the control. It is assumed that carotenoids are

The functioning of NAD(P)H:FMN‑oxidoreductase (Red) from Vibrio fischeri under conditions of macromolecular crowding (MMC) simulated in vitro by adding biopolymers (starch and gelatin) was studied. The dissociation rate constants and the activation energies of dissociation of Red to the subunits were calculated, and the process of denaturation of Red was analyzed. It is shown that the functioning of

This paper presents the preliminary results of the separation of the Chaetopterus variopedatus bioluminescent system into luciferin and luciferase and a brief description of some of their properties.

The aim of this work was to study the fine structure of bacterial films grown on the inner tube surface of a flow reactor. Using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) approaches, the detailed biofilm relief was visualized. The action of electrochemically reduced water (ERW) on the biofilm ultrastructure generated by the plankton form of E. coli and/or lacto bacteria was investigated. The treatment

Infection of mice with influenza A viruses led to the formation of clones of lymphocytes that specifically recognizes viral domains in the central zone of the NSP protein (amino acid positions 83-119). Computer analysis of the primary structure of the NSP protein showed the presence of T-cell epitopes in the central part of the NSP molecule. The findings indicate that the viral NSP gene is expressed

The oxidative modification of human hemoglobin (Hb) treated with hydrogen peroxide was investigated. Using the mass spectrometry method, the oxidized amino acid residues of the hemoglobin molecule were detected: αTrp14, αTyr24, αArg31, αMet32, αTyr42, αHis45, αHis72, αMet76, αPro77, αLys90, αCys104, αTyr140, βHis2, βTrp15, βTrp37, βMet55, βCys93, βCys112, βTyr130, βLys144, and βHis146. The antioxidant

A novel CYP74 clan gene CYP443С1 of the starlet sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis, Cnidaria) has been cloned, and the properties of the corresponding recombinant protein have been studied. Depending on the substrate, CYP443С1 exhibited double function hydroperoxide lyase/epoxyalcohol synthase activity.

To perform optogenetic prosthetics of the retinal ganglion cell receptive field, a bicistronic genetic construct carrying the genes encoding the excitatory (channelrhodopsin-2) and inhibitory (Guillardia theta anion channelrhodopsin GtACR2) rhodopsins was created. A characteristic feature of this construct was the combination of these two genes with a mutant IRES insertion between them, which ensures

Using transgenic Drosophila model systems, we showed that four binding sites for the architectural protein dCTCF per se cannot form an effective insulator that blocks enhancers and protects against the Polycomb-dependent repression. These results suggest that, in the known Drosophila insulators, the dCTCF protein functions in cooperation with other architectural proteins.

Thapsigargin (SERCA ATPase inhibitor) inhibited the S100A4 metastatic marker expression in MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. We found that S100A4 gene transcription is regulated by Ca2+ signaling pathways. We found that the synthesis of S100A4 mRNA and S100A4 protein in MDA-MB231 cells was effectively suppressed by thapsigargin at a concentration of 0.4-4 μM with retaining cell viability. We assume that

It is found that, in embryonic D. melanogaster cells, Mod(mdg4) protein isoforms can interact with each other through BTB domains. However, this nonspecific interaction is destroyed as a result of recruitment of protein complexes to the chromatin sites.

Under conditions of the experimental model of Parkinson's disease at the preclinical (early) and clinical stage-injection of mice with the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) for 5 and 10 weeks-the toxic effects of MPTP was evaluated (the content of catecholamines and their metabolites in the heart, which receives the most extensive sympathetic innervation, was determined)

In the present study, we analyzed the uptake of radiolabeled dopamine by intact synaptosomes and purified synaptic vesicles isolated from the dorsal striatum of mice with constitutive inactivation of all three synuclein-coding genes and wild-type mice. Synuclein deficiency substantially compromised the uptake of this neurotransmitter by synaptic vesicles but had no effect on synaptosomal dopamine uptake