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Towards optimization of volar plate fixations of distal radius fractures: Using finite element analyses to reduce the number of screws Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Alexander Synek; Sebastian F. Baumbach; Dieter H. Pahr
Background Using fewer distal screws in volar plate fixation of distal radius fractures could reduce treatment costs and complications. However, there is currently no consensus on the ideal screw configuration, likely due to experimental limitations and its subject-specific nature. In this study, finite element analysis was used to investigate (1) if reducing the number of screws is biomechanically
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New methodology to assess in-vivo quality of motion in cervical spine Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Filipe Pagaimo; Paulo R. Fernandes; José Xavier; Óscar L. Alves
Background Understanding the kinematics of the spine in the interaction with an implanted device is of utmost importance from a clinical point of view. The characterization of the biomechanical movement of the spine occurring at each functional unit is a difficult task as it involves the measurement of complex patterns of motion while identifying more delicate abnormalities that could result in longer-term
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Multi-segmental postural control patterns in down syndrome Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Matteo Zago; Claudia Condoluci; Carlotta Maria Manzia; Marta Pili; Marta Elisa Manunza; Manuela Galli
Background Patients with Down Syndrome (DS) exhibit less efficient and unstable standing postural control. The specificities of somatosensorial deficits might result in a different utilization of resources and in distinct whole-body kinematic patterns, to date still unexplored. In this paper we aim at addressing multi-segmental coordination patterns in people with DS while maintaining standing balance
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Are bioelectrical parameters and functionality associated with postural control in the elderly? Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-31 Giovana Navarro Bertolini; Bruna Spolador de Alencar Silva; Vanessa Ribeiro dos Santos; Iracimara de Anchieta Messias; José Procópio Jabur Ribeiro; Elisabetta Marini; Luís Alberto Gobbo
Background Alterations in bioimpedance parameters and postural control occur with aging and contribute to the increased risk of falls. The aim of this study was to evaluate the balance behavior in relation to bioimpedance and functionality. Methods We evaluated 21 elderly (men: 77.3 ± 9.5 years; women: 74.2 ± 9.6 years). The balance in standing posture was measured by the movement of the pressure center
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Postural control may drive the development of other domains in infancy Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Kyvelidou Anastasia; Koss Kelsey; Wickstrom Jordan; Needelman Howard; Fisher W. Wayne; DeVeney Shari
Background To examine differences in sitting posture in infants at low- and high-risk for autism spectrum disorder and to establish the relationship between sitting postural control and other developmental domains. Methods A total of 19 infants participated in the study. Eight infants at high-risk and 11 infants at low-risk for autism spectrum disorder. Sitting posture at 6 months was evaluated using
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Mechanical performance comparison of two surgical constructs for wrist four-corner arthrodesis via dorsal and radial approaches Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Barthélémy Faudot; Julien Ballerini; Mark Ross; Philippe Bellemère; Benjamin Goislard de Monsabert; Laurent Vigouroux; Jean-Louis Milan
Background Four-corner arthrodesis, which involves fusing four carpal bones while removing the scaphoid bone, is a standard surgery for the treatment of advanced stages of wrist arthritis. Nowadays, it can be performed using a dorsal approach by fixing a plate to the bones and a new radial approach is in development. To date, there is no consensus on the biomechanically optimal and most reliable surgical
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Posterior fall-recovery training applied to individuals with chronic stroke: A single-group intervention study Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-23 Jamie Pigman; Darcy S. Reisman; Ryan T. Pohlig; John J. Jeka; Tamara R. Wright; Benjamin C. Conner; Drew A. Petersen; Michael S. Christensen; Jeremy R. Crenshaw
Background To assess the effects of the initial stepping limb on posterior fall recovery in individuals with chronic stroke, as well as to determine the benefits of fall-recovery training on these outcomes. Methods This was a single-group intervention study of 13 individuals with chronic stroke. Participants performed up to six training sessions, each including progressively challenging, treadmill-induced
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Transversus abdominis activation does not alter gait impairments in patients with and without knee osteoarthritis Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Daniel W. Flowers; Wayne Brewer; Jennifer Ellison; Katy Mitchell; Clifton Frilot
Background Knee osteoarthritis accounts for more years of disability than all other forms of osteoarthritis combined. Gait kinetic and kinematic changes, in addition to reduced gait speed, are commonly observed. This study investigates whether core activation, which modifies lower extremity movement in young, active populations, can alter the gait and baseline core activation of those with knee osteoarthritis
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Biomechanics applied to incisional hernia repair – Considering the critical and the gained resistance towards impacts related to pressure Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-29 F. Kallinowski; Y. Ludwig; T. Löffler; M. Vollmer; P.D. Lösel; S. Voß; J. Görich; V. Heuveline; R. Nessel
Background Incisional hernia repair is burdened with recurrence, pain and disability. The repair is usually carried out with a textile mesh fixed between the layers of the abdominal wall. Methods We developed a bench test with low cyclic loading. The test uses dynamic intermittent strain resembling coughs. We applied preoperative computed tomography of the abdomen at rest and during Valsalva's maneuver
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Discriminating the precision of inertial sensors between healthy and damaged shoulders during scaption movement: A cross-sectional study Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-29 Cristina Roldán-Jiménez; Antonio I. Cuesta-Vargas; Jaime Martín Martín
Background Shoulder assessment in rehabilitation is focused on kinematic properties due to the variability of symptomatology and clinical expression of shoulder injuries. Aim To perform a receiver operating characteristic analysis of the kinematic variables involved in the functional mobility of the shoulder that allow the identification of discriminating variables between healthy and diseased shoulders
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Computational fluid dynamics simulation of time-resolved blood flow in Budd-Chiari syndrome with inferior vena cava stenosis and its implication for postoperative efficacy assessment Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-28 Yinghong Zhao; Jie Ping; Xianchao Yu; Yanfeng Cui; Jie Yin; Cunjie Sun; Gang Hua; Chongwei Wang; Xinxiu Li; Lu Tang
Background This study aimed to adopt computational fluid dynamics to simulate the blood flow dynamics in inferior vena cava stenosis based on time-dependent patient-specific models of Budd-Chiari syndrome as well as a normal model. It could offer valuable references for a retrospective insight into the underlying mechanisms of Budd-Chiari syndrome pathogenesis as well as more accurate evaluation of
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Continuous inter-limb coordination deficits in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-27 Alexis N. Sidiropoulos; Victor Santamaria; Andrew M. Gordon
Background Continuous inter-limb coordination and the ability to offset perturbations to a movement pattern (i.e., stability) are important factors in efficient motor performance. Patients with movement disorders often show deficits in coordination and stability, although little is known about these features in children with cerebral palsy. The purpose of this study was to identify the continuous inter-limb
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Influence of endplate size and implant positioning of vertebral body replacements on biomechanics and outcome Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-26 Michael Kreinest; Sabine Kelka; Paul A. Grützner; Sven Y. Vetter; Philipp Kobbe; Miguel Pishnamaz
Background Spinal stabilization by an anterior vertebral body replacement is frequently used in patients suffering from destroyed vertebral bodies. The aim of this study was to analyse (i) the choice of endplate size and positioning of vertebral body replacements in daily patient care and (ii) if these factors have an influence on clinical and radiological outcomes. Method Patients' outcomes were analysed
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A profile of reference data for shear modulus for lower limb muscles in typically developing children Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-25 Miran Goo; Kylie Tucker; Leanne M. Johnston
Background Shear wave elastography can measure shear wave speed in muscles, which is used to estimate shear modulus. Normative values and standardized methodology are needed for children. Study aims were to: estimate shear modulus behavior of lower limb muscles of typically developing children; and establish a profile of reference data and recommendations for clinical assessment. Methods Forty-one
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Characteristics of upper-extremity reactions to sudden lateral loss of balance in persons with stroke Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-24 Shirley Handelzalts; Flavia Chen-Steinberg; Nachum Soroker; Guy Shani; Itshak Melzer
Background Upper-extremity reactions are part of a whole-body response to counterweight the falling center of mass after unexpected balance loss. Impairments in upper-extremity reactions due to unilateral hemiparesis may contribute to stroke survivors' propensity for falling. We aimed to characterize upper-extremity (paretic and non-paretic sides) reactive movements in response to lateral balance perturbations
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Influence of age, gender and obesity on pressure discomfort threshold of the foot: A cross-sectional study. Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-24 L. Dueñas; A. Arnal-Gómez; I. Aparicio; M. Balasch-Bernat; L. López-Bueno; J.C. González; C. Solves-Camallonga; E. Alcántara
Background Foot pain is a highly prevalent health problem for which measures such as a pattern of Pressure Discomfort Threshold of the foot plantar surface can provide valuable information for orthosis design. This study aimed to describe such pattern as a tool for the assessment of painful conditions of the feet and to analyse how it modifies according to age, gender and obesity. Methods A cross-sectional
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Influence of preoperative femoral orientation on radiographic measures of femoral head height in total hip replacement Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-14 John D. O'Connor; Janet C. Hill; David E. Beverland; Nicholas J. Dunne; Alex B. Lennon
Background In total hip arthroplasty the surgeon aims to restore the biomechanics of the joint. Femoral height has the greatest influence on restoring limb length and contributes equally to the restoration of femoral head centre. On X-ray, the level of femoral neck resection is most often referenced off the upper border of lesser trochanter. Less frequently, femoral head centre is referenced from the
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Repair and remodeling of partial-weightbearing, uninstrumented long bone fracture model in mice treated with low intensity vibration therapy Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-07 Karl H. Wenger; Diana Heringer; Tammilee Lloyd; Maria S. Johnson; John D. DesJardins; Scott E. Stanley; Bethany Remeniuk; John A. Szivek
Background While vibration therapy has shown encouraging results across many fields of medicine in the last decade, its role as originally envisioned for bone health remains uncertain. Especially regarding its efficacy in promoting fracture healing, mixed and incomplete outcomes suggest a need to clarify its potential. In particular, the definitive effect of vibration, when isolated from the confounding
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Kinematic cluster analysis of the crouch gait pattern in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy using sparse K-means method Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-14 Leila Abbasi; Zahra Rojhani-Shirazi; Mohsen Razeghi; Hadi Raeisi-Shahraki
Background Crouch gait pattern is a common gait pattern in children with diplegic cerebral palsy with excessive knee flexion throughout stance phase. Few studies have grouped this pattern of gait and usually have examined only the features of gait in the sagittal plane and mostly lower extremities without considering pelvis and trunk behavior. Studies usually categorize the gait pattern according to
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Biomechanical evaluation of a hybrid suture and anchor-based hip capsular repair Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 Ryan M. Degen; Nick Pasic; Pardis Baha; Alan Getgood; Timothy A. Burkhart
Background Hip capsulotomies, performed routinely during hip arthroscopy, can contribute to adverse joint kinematics. Direct repair is not always feasible. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the biomechanics of a conventional all-suture repair versus a hybrid suture and anchor-based capsular repair. Methods Nine paired (n = 18) hips were tested on a joint-motion simulator, utilizing optical
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Can biomechanical analysis shed some light on aneurysmal pathophysiology? Preliminary study on ex vivo cerebral arterial walls Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-05 L. Brunasso; G. Alotta; M. Zingales; D.G. Iacopino; F. Graziano
Background The pathophysiology of cerebral aneurysm is complex and poorly understood, and it can have the most catastrophic clinical presentation. Flow dynamics is a key player in the initiation and progression of aneurysm. Better understanding the interaction between hemodynamic loading and biomechanical wall responses can help to add the missing piece on aneurysmal pathophysiology. In this laboratory
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ISB clinical biomechanics award winner 2019: Knee extensor fatigue resistance in individuals following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-06 Stephan G. Bodkin; Arthur L. Weltman; Joe M. Hart
Background Individuals following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction demonstrate quadriceps weakness throughout the post-operative recovery and at the time of returning to sport. This is often accompanied with patterns of quadriceps fatigue resistance. As such, fatigue may be an identifier of individuals with delayed recovery. The purpose was to assess quadriceps fatigue in anterior cruciate
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Body fat-related differences in gait parameters and physical fitness level in weight-matched male adults Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 Hyejung Choi; Jongil Lim; Sukho Lee
Background Increased body weight is associated with an increased magnitude of foot pressures. Although body mass index (BMI) has been widely used in the assessment of obesity, BMI does not differentiate between muscle and adipose tissue, which may play an important role in characterizing walking patterns. The purpose of the study was to compare gait biomechanics between obese and weight-matched control
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Ground reaction force complexity in hallux valgus Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-17 Maede Farzadi; Mohammad Ali Sanjari; Maryam Jalali; Hassan Saeedi; Mohammad Kamali; Mohsen Movahedi Yeganeh
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Analysis of dynamic elbow flexion deformity in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-12-05 Elsa Povedano; Irene Gallardo-Calero; Manel Navarrete; Cristina Adillon; Jorge Knorr; Francisco Soldado
Background Cerebral palsy affects 1 per 1.000 children, and in 83% of the cases upper extremity is involved. Dynamic elbow flexion deformity is a movement disorder observed in individuals with hemiparesis secondary to cerebral palsy. We sought to determine whether children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy exhibit dynamic elbow flexion deformity during daily activities and its influence to reaching function
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Nasal air conditioning following total inferior turbinectomy compared to inferior turbinoplasty – A computational fluid dynamics study Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-22 Joey Siu; Kiao Inthavong; Jingliang Dong; Yidan Shang; Richard George Douglas
Background The aim of this study was to use computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate the effects on nasal heat exchange and humidification of two different surgical techniques for reducing the inferior turbinate under different environmental conditions. Methods Virtual surgery using two techniques of turbinate reduction was performed in eight nasal airway obstruction patients. Bilateral nasal
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The effect of ankle and hindfoot malalignment on foot mechanics in patients suffering from post-traumatic ankle osteoarthritis Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-21 P.-A. Deleu; A. Naaim; L. Chèze; R. Dumas; B. Devos Bevernage; L. Goubau; J.-L. Besse; T. Leemrijse
Background Ankle and hindfoot malalignment is a common finding in patients suffering from post-traumatic ankle osteoarthritis. However, no studies have addressed the effect of concomitant foot deformities on intrinsic foot kinematics and kinetics. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ankle and hindfoot malalignment on the kinematics and kinetics of multiple joints
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Visuomotor therapy modulates corticospinal excitability in patients following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A randomized crossover trial Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-20 Stephan G. Bodkin; Amelia S. Bruce; Jay Hertel; David R. Diduch; Susan A. Saliba; Wendy M. Novicoff; Joe M. Hart
Background Corticospinal adaptations have been observed following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction around the time of returning to activity. These measures have been related to quadriceps strength deficits. Visuomotor therapy, combining motor control tasks with visual biofeedback, has been shown to increase corticospinal excitability. The purpose of this study was to assess the immediate changes
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Changes in knee kinematics from applied external Tibial torque: Implications for stabilizing an anterior cruciate ligament deficient knee Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-20 Keith L. Markolf; Peter Z. Du; David R. McAllister
Background Changes in knee kinematics from internal tibial torque under tibiofemoral compression force have been studied, but the potentially stabilizing effects of external tibial torque have not been reported. We hypothesized that for a given knee flexion angle, 1) external torque would significantly reduce anterior tibial translation, internal tibial rotation, and valgus tibial rotation before and
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Biomechanical comparison of lateral collateral ligament reconstruction with and without additional internal bracing using a three-dimensional elbow simulator Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 Alexander Ellwein; Sören Becker; Dennis Nebel; Hauke Horstmann; Tomas Smith; Helmut Lill; Marc-Frederic Pastor
Background Although an additional internal bracing significantly increases stability in a repair of the lateral ulnar collateral ligament, it remains unclear whether it also does in reconstruction. Aim of this study was to implement a three-dimensional elbow simulator for testing posterolateral rotatory instability. We hypothesized that (1) reconstruction with and without internal bracing is comparable
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Neuromuscular function in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed patients at long-term follow-up Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-17 Analicia L. Behnke; Lauren Parola; Naga Padmini Karamchedu; Gary J. Badger; Braden C. Fleming; Jillian E. Beveridge
Background The permanence of neuromuscular adaptations following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is not known. The aim of this study was to compare bilateral muscle co-contraction indices, time to peak ground reaction force, and timing of muscle onset between anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction subjects 10–15 years post reconstruction with those of matched uninjured controls during
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Quantifying varus thrust in knee osteoarthritis using wearable inertial sensors: A proof of concept Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-11 Kerry E. Costello; Samantha Eigenbrot; Alex Geronimo; Ali Guermazi; David T. Felson; Jim Richards; Deepak Kumar
Background Varus thrust during walking, visualized as excessive frontal plane knee motion during weight acceptance, is a modifiable risk factor for progression of knee osteoarthritis. However, visual assessment does not capture thrust severity and quantification with optical motion capture is often not feasible. Inertial sensors may provide a convenient alternative to optical motion capture. This proof-of-concept
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Acute effect of whole-body vibration on acceleration transmission and jumping performance in children Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-14 Matthew Beerse; Michael Lelko; Jianhua Wu
Background Whole-body vibration (WBV) has emerged as a potential intervention paradigm for improving motor function and bone growth in children with disabilities. However, most evidence comes from adult studies. It is critical to understand the mechanisms of children with and without disabilities responding to different WBV conditions. This study aimed to systematically investigate the acute biomechanical
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Influence of graft type on sagittal plane knee biomechanics during stair ambulation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-13 Shangcheng Wang; Naiquan (Nigel) Zheng; Dana P. Piasecki; James E. Fleischli
Background Both graft type and surgical technique for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction can affect knee biomechanics. Several studies reported the influence of graft type, but few have controlled the surgical technique and fully investigated stair ambulation. This study aimed to compare knee biomechanics during stair ambulation between patients treated with hamstring tendon graft and those
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Neurocognitive measures predict voluntary stepping performance in older adults post-hip fracture Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-12 Douglas Pizac; Douglas N. Savin; Denise Orwig; Ann Gruber-Baldini; Robert Creath; Vincent Conroy; Marc Hochberg; Brock A. Beamer; Jay Magaziner; Mark W. Rogers
Background Hip fracture is a debilitating injury, especially in older adults. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between Trail-Making test performance and parameters of the choice stepping reaction time test in community-dwelling older adults after hip fracture. Methods Twenty-four older adults post-hip fracture repair participated in an ancillary study for physical therapy
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Effects of an elastic resistance band exercise program on kinetics and muscle activities during walking in young adults with genu valgus: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-11 AmirAli Jafarnezhadgero; Farshad Ghorbanloo; Amir Fatollahi; Valdeci Carlos Dionisio; Urs Granacher
Background This double-blinded randomized-controlled-trial aimed to identify the effects of an elastic band resistance training on walking kinetics and muscle activities in young adults with genu valgus. Methods Forty-two male young adults aged 22.5(2.7) years with genu valgus were randomly allocated to two experimental groups. The intervention group (n = 21) conducted a 14-weeks elastic band resistance
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Correlation of pain sensitization with muscle strength and angular kinematics in women with patellofemoral pain Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-11 Tadeu Aldrovando Brihy de Albuquerque; Richard Elion Liebano; Daniela Aparecida Biasotto-Gonzalez; Cintia Lopes Ferreira; Paulo Roberto Garcia Lucareli
Background Patellofemoral pain has a poor long-term prognosis, which can be explained by a pain sensitization process. The pain sensitization process may be related to the increase of stress in the patellofemoral joint that is already associated with kinematic alterations and weakness in the musculature of the hip and knee. Methods Were compared the pressure pain threshold, temporal summation, conditioned
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Patellofemoral instability in trochleodysplastic knee joints and the quantitative influence of simulated trochleoplasty – A finite element simulation Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-09 Dominik Kaiser; Linus Trummler; Tobias Götschi; Felix W.A. Waibel; Jess G. Snedeker; Sandro F. Fucentese
Background Patellofemoral instability is a debilitating condition mainly affecting young patients and has been correlated with trochlear dysplasia. It can occur when the patella is insufficiently guided through its range of motion. Currently, there is no literature describing patellofemoral stability in trochleodysplastic knees and the effect of isolated trochleoplasty on patellofemoral stability.
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Spatial distribution of lumbar erector spinae muscle activity in individuals with and without chronic low back pain during a dynamic isokinetic fatiguing task Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-08 Michail Arvanitidis; Nikolaos Bikinis; Stylianos Petrakis; Afroditi Gkioka; Dimitrios Tsimpolis; Deborah Falla; Eduardo Martinez-Valdes
Background Individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP) commonly present with increased trunk muscle fatigability; typically assessed as reduced time to task failure during non-functional isometric contractions. Less is known about the specific neuromuscular responses of individuals with CLBP during dynamic fatiguing tasks. We investigate the regional alteration in muscle activation and peak torque
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A uniaxial force and stiffness model of the vagina during laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-04 J. De Smet; A. Page; J. Deprest; S. Housmans; K. Niu; E. Vander Poorten
Background Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy is the preferred procedure for restoring vaginal vault prolapse. An assistant uses a vaginal manipulator to position and tension the vault such that the surgeon can dissect the bladder, rectum and vault to eventually suture a synthetic mesh used to suspend the vagina to the longitudinal anterior vertebral ligament. Vaginal vault manipulation requires application
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Biomechanics of the posterior oblique ligament of the knee Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-11-02 Riccardo D'Ambrosi; Katia Corona; Germano Guerra; Maurizio Rubino; Fabrizio Di Feo; Nicola Ursino
Background The purpose of this systematic literature review is to analyse the isolated biomechanics of the posterior oblique ligament of the knee. In the current literature, the biomechanical aspect of the posterior oblique ligament was analysed in several articles, but this was always done in association with other capsuloligamentous structures. Methods A systematic review of the existing literature
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Biomechanical monitoring and machine learning for the detection of lying postures Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-09-20 Silvia Caggiari; Peter R. Worsley; Yohan Payan; Marek Bucki; Dan L. Bader
Background Pressure mapping technology has been adapted to monitor over prolonged periods to evaluate pressure ulcer risk in individuals during extended lying postures. However, temporal pressure distribution signals are not currently used to identify posture or mobility. The present study was designed to examine the potential of an automated approach for the detection of a range of static lying postures
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Intramuscular fat in children with unilateral cerebral palsy Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 Arkiev D'Souza; Bart Bolsterlee; Ann Lancaster; Robert D Herbert
Background Many children with cerebral palsy develop muscle contractures. The mechanisms of contracture are not well understood. We investigated the possibility that, because fat is stiffer than passive muscle, elevated intramuscular fat contributes to contracture. In this cross-sectional study, we compared the quantity and distribution of intramuscular fat in muscles from typically developing children
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The relationship of coronal trunk motion on the hip abductor moment impulse in pre-operative hip pathology patients during walking Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-14 Lauren A. Luginsland; Wilshaw R. Stevens; Alex M. Loewen; Kirsten Tulchin-Francis
Background Compensatory mechanisms for hip pain, pathology, and weakness include excessive trunk lean towards the stance limb, counteracting pelvic drop to maintain stability during single leg stance. Trunk lean shifts the center of mass towards the hip joint center to decrease the moment arm and reduce hip abductor demand. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether adolescent patients with
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Gender difference of hip-ankle compensations following a novel trip perturbation in young adults Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-15 Paul S. Sung; Bradly Schalk; Ryan Camp; Moon Soo Park
Background Women have an increased likelihood of sustaining a fall-related injury compared to men; however, little is known about fall prevention strategies between genders. The purpose of this study was to compare the gender differences in lower limb reactions and three-dimensional recovery patterns following a treadmill-induced trip perturbation. Methods Seventy-six participants who are right limb
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Guidelines for cortical screw versus pedicle screw selection from a fatigued decompressive lumbar laminectomy model show similar stability and less bone mineral density dependency Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-10 Kristen E. Radcliff; Jonathan A. Harris; Noelle F. Klocke; Yiwei Cai; John C. Hao; Brandon S. Bucklen
Background Traditional pedicle screws are the gold standard for lumbar spine fixation; however, cortical screws along the midline cortical bone trajectory may be advantageous when lumbar decompression is required. While biomechanic investigation of both techniques exists, cortical screw performance in a multi-level lumbar laminectomy and fusion model is unknown. Furthermore, longer-term viability of
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Examining assessment methods of scapular motion: Comparing results from planar elevations and functional task performance Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-24 Angelica E. Lang; Stephan Milosavljevic; Clark R. Dickerson; Soo Y. Kim
Background Scapular kinematics of breast cancer survivors are most often evaluated during arm elevation. However, known compensations exist during functional task performance. The purpose of this study was to determine if scapular kinematics of breast cancer survivors during arm elevation are related to scapular kinematics during functional task performance. Methods Scapular kinematics of 25 non-cancer
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In silico patient-specific optimization of correction strategies for thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-24 Luigi La Barbera; A. Noelle Larson; Jeremy Rawlinson; Carl-Eric Aubin
Background With modelling and simulation (or in silico) techniques, patient-specific optimization algorithms represent promising tools to support the surgical decision-making process, particularly in 3D correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, where the best intraoperative instrumentation strategy and the correction goals are debated. Methods 1080 biomechanical intraoperative simulations of a
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Micromotion and subsidence of a cementless conical fluted stem depending on femoral defect size – A human cadaveric study Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-23 Martin Ellenrieder; Robert Souffrant; Christian Schulze; Wolfram Mittelmeier; Rainer Bader
Background Cementless modular endoprostheses with tapered fluted stems cover a wide spectrum of femoral defects in reconstructive surgery of the hip. Nevertheless, for these hip stems the recommendations concerning the minimum diaphyseal anchorage distance differ widely. The present experimental study investigated the primary stability of a conical fluted revision stem depending on different types
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Variations in non-locking screw insertion conditions generate unpredictable changes to achieved fixation tightness and stripping rates Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-23 James W.A. Fletcher; Verena Neumann; Lisa Wenzel; Boyko Gueorguiev; R. Geoff Richards; Harinderjit S. Gill; Michael R. Whitehouse; Ezio Preatoni
Background Screws are the most commonly inserted orthopaedic implants. However, several variables related to screw insertion and tightening have not been evaluated. This study aimed firstly to assess the effect of insertion variables on screw tightness, secondly to improve methodologies used by researchers when testing screw insertion techniques and thirdly to assess for any learning or fatigue effects
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Two reconstruction plates provide superior stability of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures in comparison to single plating – A biomechanical study Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-21 Parvan Yanev; Ivan Zderic; Yavor Pukalski; Dian Enchev; Mihail Rashkov; Peter Varga; Dominic Gehweiler; Geoff Richards; Boyko Gueorguiev; Asen Baltov
Background Displaced midshaft fractures are the most common surgically treated clavicle fractures. However, they are associated with high complication rates following plating due to fixation failure in terms of plate breakage, screw breakage and/or screw loosening. The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical competence of three different plating techniques for fixation of displaced midshaft
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Contradictory working length effects in locked plating of the distal and middle femoral fractures―a biomechanical study Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 Ching-Kong Chao; You-Lin Chen; Jian-Ming Wu; Chen-Huei Lin; Ting-Yu Chuang; Jinn Lin
Background Working length have been reported to affect the plate stress and fixation stiffness. However, the results of previous studies have been controversial. The present study was to determine working length effects on different locations of femoral bone gap. Methods Five composite femurs with wide bone gaps at five levels (G1, 2, 3, 5, and 7), were fixed with locking plates. G1-3, G5 and G7 represented
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Quantitative analysis of metacarpophalangeal joints during active flexion using four-dimensional computed tomography Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-07 Kazunori Ishii; Satoshi Oki; Takuji Iwamoto; Masahiro Jinzaki; Takeo Nagura; Morio Matsumoto; Masaya Nakamura
Background The metacarpophalangeal joint has a unique morphology with a high degree of freedom. However, few studies have analyzed the kinematics of fingers owing to the rapid movement of the small bones involved. The in-vivo kinematics of metacarpophalangeal joints were analyzed by four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) and associated with its morphology. Methods The flexion motion of the fingers
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Walking test procedures influence speed measurements in individuals with chronic stroke Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-10 Brice T. Cleland; Arianna Perez-Ortiz; Sangeetha Madhavan
Background Walking speed measurements are clinically important, but varying test procedures may influence measurements and impair clinical utility. This study assessed the concurrent validity of walking speed in individuals with chronic stroke measured during the 10-m walk test with variations in 1) the presence of an electronic mat, 2) the speed measurement device, and 3) the measurement distance
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The effect of alar ligament transection on the rotation stress test: A cadaveric study Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 César Hidalgo-García; Ana I. Lorente; Orosia Lucha-López; José Manuel Auría-Apilluelo; Miguel Malo-Urriés; Jacobo Rodríguez-Sanz; Carlos López-de-Celis; Mario Maza-Frechín; John Krauss; Albert Pérez-Bellmunt
Background The rotation stress test is a pre-manipulative screening test used to examine upper cervical instability. This in vitro study simulates the clinical application of the rotation stress test before and after alar ligament transection. Methods After the dissection of the superficial structures to the alar ligament and the fixation of C2, ten cryopreserved upper cervical columns were manually
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Shoulder muscle force and electromyography activity during make versus break tests Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Kshamata M. Shah; Kathleen C. Madara; Ian Diehl; Michael Hyer; Jacob Schur; Philip W. McClure
Background Shoulder muscle force is commonly assessed during clinical examination using both an isometric “make” test against a fixed resistance or a “break” test where the examiner exerts enough force to break the isometric contraction. The purpose of this study was to explain the difference in force produced during these two forms of testing. Methods Data were collected on 25 subjects. Both shoulder
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Large medial proximal tibial angles cause excessively medial tibiofemoral contact forces and abnormal knee kinematics following open-wedge high tibial osteotomy Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Shinichi Kuriyama; Mutsumi Watanabe; Shinichiro Nakamura; Kohei Nishitani; Yoshihisa Tanaka; Kazuya Sekiguchi; Hiromu Ito; Shuichi Matsuda
Background Recurrent varus deformity and poor outcome sometimes occur following open-wedge high tibial osteotomy, but the mechanism remains unclear. The hypothesis of this study was that an excessively large medial proximal tibial angle with lateral joint surface inclination can worsen postoperative knee biomechanics. Methods A computer-simulated knee model was validated based on a volunteer knee.
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A model for evaluating the biomechanics of rib fracture fixation Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Devon M. Myers; Sean P. McGowan; Benjamin C. Taylor; B. Dale Sharpe; Kyle J. Icke; Anup Gandhi
Introduction High rates of morbidity and mortality following flail chest rib fractures are well publicized. Standard of care has been supportive mechanical ventilation, but serious complications have been reported. Internal rib fixation has shown improvements in pulmonary function, clinical outcomes, and decreased mortality. The goal of this study was to provide a model defining the biomechanical benefits
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Changes in motor-flexibility following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction as measured by means of a leg-amplitude differentiation task with haptic and visual feedback Clin. Biomech. (IF 1.624) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Eefje G.J. Roelofsen; Robert van Cingel; J. Bart Staal; Maria W.G. Nijhuis-van der Sanden; Ruud G.J. Meulenbroek
Background In the current study changes in lower-limb motor flexibility of patients undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction were evaluated in relation to fear of harm. Methods Fourteen patients were measured pre- and post-surgery, and data were compared to those of a single measurement in fifteen controls. Lower-limb motor-flexibility was assessed in treadmill-walking and a cyclic leg-amplitude