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Epidemiology of norovirus gastroenteritis in hospitalized children under five years old in Western China, 2015–2019 J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2021-01-26 Ran-Ran Cao; Xiao-Zhen Ma; Wan-Yi Li; Bao-Ning Wang; Yuan Yang; Hong-Ren Wang; Kuang-Yu; Jiang-Zhou You; Zhong-Yi Zhao; Min Ren; Lin-Lin Zhou; Ming-Yuan Li
Objectives Norovirus is associated with one-fifth of all gastroenteritis cases, but basic epidemiological data is lacking, especially in developing countries. As long-term surveillance on norovirus gastroenteritis is scarce in western China, this study aims to update the epidemiological knowledge of norovirus gastroenteritis and to characterize the genotypes of norovirus strains. Methods Stool samples
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Does early bloodstream infection pose a significant risk of in-hospital mortality in adults with burns? J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2021-01-23 Eng-Kean Yeong; Wang-Huei Sheng
Backgroud/purpose Bloodstream infections (BSI) are common in patients with major burns, but its effect on mortality remains controversial. This study was aimed to investigate if BSI is significant risk factor of mortality? Methods This is a retrospective chart review study included 266 adult patients admitted to our burn center from 2000 to 2019. Age, sex, inhalation injuries, total burn surface area
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cgMLST@Taiwan: A web service platform for Vibrio cholerae cgMLST profiling and global strain tracking J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Yi-Syong Chen; Yueh-Hua Tu; Bo-Han Chen; Yen-Yi Liu; Yu-Ping Hong; Ru-Hsiou Teng; You-Wun Wang; Chien-Shun Chiou
Background Cholera, a rapidly dehydrating diarrheal disease caused by toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in some regions of the world. Core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) is a promising approach in generating genetic fingerprints from whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data for strain comparison among laboratories. Methods We constructed a V. cholerae core
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A case of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus necrotizing pneumonia with pulmonary cryptococcosis J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Jiunn-Sheng Wu; Ming-Yieh Peng; Chan-Yen Kuo; Jiann-Der Wu
A 37-year-old healthy man was transferred to the emergency department of this hospital because of fever and hemoptysis. A radiograph of the chest revealed a cavitary lesion in the right upper lobe. Computed tomography of the chest showed necrotizing cavitary pneumonia. Urgent throacoscopic lobectomy was performed. Sputum and intraoperative pleural pus grew methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
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Emergence of concurrent levofloxacin- and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: risk factors and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern analysis from a single medical center in Taiwan J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Rui-Xin Wu; Ching-Mei Yu; Sung-Teng Hsu; Ching Hsun Wang
Background The emergence of concurrent levofloxacin- and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX)-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (LTSRSM) in Taiwan is becoming a serious problem, but clinical data analysis on this has not been reported. Methods A matched case-control-control study was conducted to investigate risk factors for LTSRSM occurrence in hospitalized patients. For patients with LTSRSM
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Cytomegalovirus management after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a mini-review J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Chieh-Lin Jerry Teng; Po-Nan Wang; Yee-Chun Chen; Bor-Sheng Ko
Because of the high incidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity in the population, CMV infection is a common, severe complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in Taiwan. Here we propose a CMV management strategy for patients undergoing allo-HSCT from the Taiwanese perspective, which focuses on the epidemiology, diagnosis, monitoring, prophylaxis, and treatment
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Cancer as an Infectious Disease: A Different Treatment Alternative Using a Combination of Tigecycline and Pyrvinium Pamoate – an Example of Breast Cancer J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Shu-Wei Huang; Ming-Tsung Sun; Wen-Sen Lee; Ying-shih Su; Yi-Tzu Lee; Ming-Hsien Chiang; Yung-Chih Wang; Ya-Sung Yang; Shian-Chiuan Tzeng; Yu-Min Huang; Feng-Huei Lin
Background Tigecycline is an antibiotic that well tolerated for treating complicated infections. It has received attention as an anti-cancer agent and expected to solve two major obstacles, sides effects that accompany chemotherapy and drug resistance, in the breast cancer treatment. However, previous studies reported that the levels in the blood are typically low of tigecycline, so higher doses are
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Eosinopenia <100/μL as a marker of active COVID-19: an observational prospective study J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Roderau Outh; Caroline Boutin; Philippe Gueudet; Marcelino Suzuki; Matthieu Saada; Hugues Aumaître
Objectives To analyse the diagnostic performance of eosinopenia, alone or combined with polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and/or lymphocytes, as a marker of active COVID-19 in patients hospitalized for suspicion of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods A prospective observational study including patients hospitalized for suspicion of COVID-19 in a COVID unit was performed from 20th March to 5th April 2020
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A rare patient with primary endogenous Aspergillus endophthalmitis. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Yu-Yao Chiu; Yen-Hsu Chen; Hui-Hua Hsiao; Jeng-Shiun Du
This is a rare but important case that the aspergillus should be considered when primary endophthalmitis happens especially in the immunocompromised patients even there is no other focus or receiving cataract surgery before. In most scenario, endogenous Aspergillus endophthalmitis results from disseminative aspergillosis from other organs or the patients receiving cataract surgery. Our case is unusual
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Manganese superoxide dismutase induced by lipoteichoic acid isolated from Staphylococcus aureus regulates cytokine production in THP-1 cells J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Hangeun Kim; Hyeoung-Eun Kim; Dae Kyun Chung
Lipoteichoic acid isolated from Staphylococcus aureus (aLTA) is known to regulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines through TLR2-mediated signaling pathways. In our previous study, we found that aLTA significantly increased manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in the THP-1 human monocyte-like cell line, but the role of MnSOD in the regulation of cytokine production was not elucidated.
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An Outbreak Of Ralstonia Pickettii Bloodstream Infection Among Pediatric Leukemia Patients J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Tugba Bedir Demirdag; Aslinur Ozkaya-Parlakay; Fatma Bayrakdar; Belgin Gulhan; Saliha Kanik Yuksek; Serap Suzuk Yildiz; İpek Mumcuoglu; Bedia Dinc; Nese Yarali
Background R.picketii is an opportunistic waterborne microbe which can survive in many kinds of solutions. Contamination of these solutions may result as outbreaks, which can be mortal for immuncompromised patients. Herein we report an outbreak of R.pickettii related to contaminated saline infusion in our center. Methods This study was conducted in Ankara Pediatric City Hospital. An outbreak occured
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The dynamic change of antibody index against Covid-19 is a powerful diagnostic tool for the early phase of the infection and salvage PCR assay errors J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 Masao Omata; Yosuke Hirotsu; Hiroki Sugiura; Makoto Maejima; Yuki Nagakubo; Kenji Amemiya; Miyoko Hayakawa; Toshiharu Tsutsui; Yumiko Kakizaki; Hitoshi Mochizuki; Yoshihiro Miyashita
Background Currently, PCR assay is a golden standard for diagnosis of Covid-19. However, it needs nasopharyngeal swabs, expensive instruments and expertise. It even causes PCR errors. Methods We validated the antibody assay (Roche) in 36 followed patients and 1,879 controls (medical staffs). Results Of 1,879 medical staffs, only two (0.11%) were positive by Cut off Index (COI;1.0) (mean±SD, 0.094±0
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Can hydroxychloroquine be protective against COVID-19-associated thrombotic events ? J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 Christian A. Devaux; Laurence Camoin-Jau; Jean-Louis Mege; Didier Raoult
Although SARS-CoV-2 is considered a lung-tropic virus, severe COVID-19 is not just a viral pulmonary infection, clinically it is a multi-organ pathology with major coagulation abnormalities and thromboembolism events. Recently, antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies were found increased in a large number of COVID-19 patients. Elevated aPL have been well documented in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), a systemic
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Clinical characteristics of bacteremia caused by Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter species and antimicrobial susceptibilities of the isolates J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-12-31 Ying-Chun Chien; Yu-Tsung Huang; Chun-Hsing Liao; Jung-Yien Chien; Po-Ren Hsueh
Background/purpose This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of bacteremia caused by Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter species in patients who were treated at a medical center between 2006 and 2018. Methods Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter isolates were identified up to the species level using Bruker Biotyper MALDI-TOF analysis and ancillary 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis
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Differentiation of qacA and qacB using high-resolution melt curve analysis, and both qacA and qacB but not qacC or norA types increase chlorhexidine minimal inhibitory concentrations in Staphylococcus aureus isolates J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-10-10 Kai-Hsiang Lin; Chien-Yu Lin; Chieh-Chen Huang; Yu-Ling Ho; Shu-Fen Yang; Cheng-Mao Ho
Background Chlorhexidine is one of the most essential ingredients in infection control applications. Except qacA, the effects of other various efflux-medicated biocide genes (including qacB, qacC, qacEΔ1, qacH or norA) on biguanides resistance are still controversial. In addition, most of the studies have discussed the effect of qacA/B on clinical S. aureus isolates but not that qacA or qacB individually
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Hepatitis C Outbreak in a Respiratory Care Ward Associated with Frequent Injections: Taiwan, 2017 J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-12-09 Pei-Yuan Wu; Min-Nan Hung; Wei-Lun Huang; Jyh-Yuan Yang; Chia-ping Su
Background Healthcare-associated outbreaks of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection pose serious risks of harm to patients. During May‒July 2017, the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control were notified of four patients with acute HCV infection in a respiratory care ward (RCW). To prevent further infection, an investigation was conducted to identify the transmission route and risk factors for infection. Methods
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Inhibition of the clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: In vitro assessment of a case-based study J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-12-09 Chien-Wen Huang; Yu-Sheng Lin; Wei-Chang Huang; Chien-Chen Lai; Han-Ju Chien; Nien-Jen Hu; Jiann-Hwa Chen
Background The global rise in nosocomial infections associated with gram-negative bacteria and the spread of multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) pose public health concerns. This study investigates the inhibitory effects and possible inhibitory mechanism of P. aeruginosa (PA) on selected clinical strains of A. baumannii (AB) isolated from Taiwanese patients. Methods Four and eight
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Seroepidemiology of the human herpesvirus 8 infection among people living with HIV in Taiwan, 2014-2018 J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-12-09 Ming-Jui Tsai; Hsin-Yun Sun; Szu-Min Hsieh; Wang-Huei Sheng; Yu-Chung Chuang; Yu-Shan Huang; Sung-Hsi Huang; Li-Hsin Su; Yi-Ching Su; Wen-Chun Liu; Sui-Yuan Chang; Chien-Ching Hung
Background Human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) can be transmitted through unprotected sex as HIV. We aimed to investigate the seroincidence of HHV-8 and associated factors among people living with HIV (PLWH). Methods From 2014 to 2018, blood samples of PLWH on the first date of HIV care were determined for antibodies against HHV-8. Individuals testing HHV-8-seronegative at baseline were followed for at
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Efficacy and safety of anti-interleukin-5 therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-12-05 Shao-Huan Lan; Chih-Cheng Lai; Shen-Peng Chang; Chun-Chun Hsu; Cheng-Hsin Chen; Ya-Hui Wang; Yueh Lan Huang; Cheng-Yi Wang; You-Shuei Lin
Background Anti-interleukin-5 (IL-5) therapy has been proposed as a novel treatment option for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, its efficacy for preventing COPD exacerbation remains unclear. Methods A literature review was conducted to August 26th 2019. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the clinical efficacy and adverse effects of anti-IL-5
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To What degree could clinical trials in Evidence Based Medicine reflect reality in the treatment of candidemia? J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-12-02 Nobuhiro Asai; Daisuke Sakanashi; Hiroyuki Suematsu; Hideo Kato; Mao Hagihara; Arufumi Shiota; Yusuke Koizumi; Yuka Yamagishi; Hiroshige Mikamo
Introduction Evidenced based medicine (EBM) is necessary to standardize treatment for infection since EBM is established based on the results of clinical trials. Entry criteria for clinical trials are very strict, and many patients have difficulties in being enrolled in any clinical trials regarding candidemia. It is questionable if the results of clinical trials reflect the real world of general medicine
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Need for a high-specificity test for confirming weakly positive result in an immunochromatographic SARS-CoV-2-specific antigen test: A case report J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Takuya Tanimoto; Mirai Matsumura; Shinpei Tada; Suguru Fujita; Sayaka Ueno; Kosuke Hamai; Takuji Omoto; Maeda Hiroyuki; Takashi Nishisaka; Nobuhisa Ishikawa
We report a case of false-positive results for SARS-CoV-2-specific antigen. A patient initially had positive results on immunochromatographic SARS-CoV-2-specific antigen test, followed by negative results on RT-PCR assay of saliva and SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody test. Nasopharyngeal swab reexamination using immunochromatographic tests showed weakly positive results, warranting confirmation with high-specificity
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The roles of nausea and vomiting in COVID-19: did we miss something? J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-10-17 Tongyue Zhang; Danfei Liu; Dean Tian; Limin Xia
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an international public health emergency. Although respiratory symptoms predominate the clinical manifestations of COVID-19, gastrointestinal symptoms have been observed in a subset of patients. Notably, some patients have nausea/vomiting as the first clinical manifestation of
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Laboratory Diagnosis of COVID-19 in China: A review of challenging cases and analysis J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-10-17 Ran Jing; Timothy Kudinha; Meng-Lan Zhou; Meng Xiao; He Wang; Wen-Hang Yang; Ying-Chun Xu; Po-Ren Hsueh
Since the initial emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, a rapid spread of the disease occurred around the world, rising to become an international global health concern at pandemic level. In the face of this medical challenge threatening humans, the development of rapid and accurate methods for early screening and diagnosis of COVID-19 became crucial to containing
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Serotype distribution and antimicrobial profile of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia in Jakarta, Indonesia J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-10-17 Gina Amanda; WisnuTafroji; Dianiati Kusumo Sutoyo; Erlina Burhan; Budi Haryanto; Dodi Safari
Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the primary causes of community-acquired pneumonia. The vaccine serotypes were dominant and could be isolated in 14% of adult patients, with serotype 3 being the most predominant (25%), followed by 6A, 6B, and 7F. Approximately, 44% of the isolates showed resistance to tetracycline.
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Rational stepwise approach for Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-10-17 Ti-An Tsai; Chang-Ku Tsai; Kuang-Che Kuo; Hong-Ren Yu
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common pathogen that causes community-acquired pneumonia. In the past, M. pneumoniae was sensitive to macrolide antibiotics, and M. pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) was usually a benign and self-limiting disease. However, despite use of the appropriate antibiotics, persistent fever and clinical deterioration may occur, leading to severe disease. Two major complicated conditions
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Desaturation and heme elevation during COVID-19 infection: a potential prognostic factor of heme oxygenase-1 J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-10-16 Wen-Lin Su; Chih-Pei Lin; Hui-Ching Hang; Ping-Sheng Wu; Ching-Feng Cheng; You-Chen Chao
Increased heme levels, anemia, and desaturation occur during infection. We aimed to compare the levels of heme, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), ferritin, and bilirubin in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients at different saturation levels. Heme and HO-1 enzyme levels significantly increased in the low SpO2 group, but further studies are required.
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Initial SARS-CoV-2 PCR crossing point does not predict hospitalization and duration of PCR positivity J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-10-10 Allison R. Eberly; Douglas W. Challener; F.N.U. Shweta; Madiha Fida; Aimee C. Boerger; Mariam Assi; John C. O’Horo; Matthew J. Binnicker
This study aimed to determine if the crossing point of the initial positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test correlated with patient demographics, subsequent hospitalization, or duration of positivity. Seventy-three patients with two or more positive PCR tests had a median time of 23 days to a two consecutive negative results.
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Nontuberculous mycobacterial infection after lung transplantation: a single-center experience in South Korea J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-10-07 Youngmok Park; Nam Eun Kim; Se Hyun Kwak; Moo Suk Park; Su Jin Jeong; Jin Gu Lee; Hyo Chae Paik; Song Yee Kim; Young Ae Kang
Purpose Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection is an important issue after lung transplantation. However, a large-scale epidemiological study on this issue in Korea is lacking. We aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of NTM infection after lung transplant surgery in Korea. Methods Between October 2012 and December 2018, we retrospectively evaluated lung transplant recipients in a referral hospital
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Remdesivir Use in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Mini-Review J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-10-05 Chih-Jen Yang; Yu-Jui Wei; Hus-Liang Chang; Pi-Yu Chang; Chung-Chen Tsai; Yen-Hsu Chen; Po-Ren Hsueh
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative viral pathogen of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), appears to have various clinical presentations and may result in severe respiratory failure. The global SARS-CoV-2-associated viral pneumonia pandemic was first reported in December 2019 in China. Based on known pharmacological mechanisms, many therapeutic drugs have been
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Unique surface structures of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST8/SCCmecIVl J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-10-05 Tsai-Wen Wan; Lee-Jene Teng; Tatsuo Yamamoto
Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) threatens human health. A local CA-MRSA with ST8/SCCmecIVl (CA-MRSA/J) has emerged in Japan, being associated with progression from bullous impetigo to potentially fatal invasive infection. We found that CA-MRSA/J has unique bacterial surface structures, spikes, spikes with a cap, and long spikes, reflecting clinical origins
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Triple therapy with hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and ciclesonide for COVID-19 pneumonia J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-10-05 Nobuaki Mori; Mitsuya Katayama; Shigenari Nukaga
No specific therapy is available for COVID-19. We report the effectiveness and adverse effects of triple therapy with hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and ciclesonide for COVID-19 pneumonia. The patient’s clinical condition improved within 5 days in response to therapy.
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COVID-19 associated with pulmonary aspergillosis: A literature review J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-09-24 Chih-Cheng Lai; Weng-Liang Yu
Bacterial or virus co-infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been reported in many studies, however, the knowledge on Aspergillus co-infection among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was limited. This literature review aims to explore and describe the updated information about COVID-19 associated with pulmonary aspergillosis. We found that
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Escherichia coli FimH adhesins act synergistically with PapG II adhesins for enhancing establishment and maintenance of kidney infection J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-09-22 Chin-Chung Tseng; Wei-Hung Lin; An-Bang Wu; Ming-Cheng Wang; Ching-Hao Teng; Jiunn-Jong Wu
Background FimH adhesin is proposed to enhance Escherichia coli kidney infection by acting with PapGII adhesin, but genetic epidemiology study and animal study have not been widely conducted to confirm this hypothesis. Methods We compared the prevalence of adhesin gene and their coexistent pattern between upper and lower urinary tract infection (UTI) strains. fimH mutant (EC114FM), papGII mutant (EC114PM)
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Emergence of Macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes emm12 in Southern Taiwan from 2000 to 2019 J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-09-12 Wei-Chun Tsai; Ching-Fen Shen; Ya-Lan Lin; Fan-Ching Shen; Pei-Jane Tsai; Shu-Ying Wang; Yee-Shin Lin; Jiunn-Jong Wu; Chia-Yu Chi; Ching-Chuan Liu
Background Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is an important pathogen causing morbidity and mortality worldwide. Surveillance of resistance and emm type has important implication to provide helpful information on the changing GAS epidemiology and empirical treatment. Methods To study the emergence of resistant GAS in children with upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), a retrospective study was conducted
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Efficacy of clarithromycin-naproxen-oseltamivir combination therapy versus oseltamivir alone in hospitalized pediatric influenza patients. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-09-12 Chien-Wei Lee,Yu-Lin Tai,Li-Min Huang,Hsin Chi,Fu-Yuan Huang,Nan-Chang Chiu,Ching-Ying Huang,Yi-Hsuan Tu,Jin-Yuan Wang,Daniel Tsung-Ning Huang
Purpose This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of clarithromycin-naproxen-oseltamivir combination therapy to that of oseltamivir therapy alone in hospitalized pediatric influenza patients. Methods This prospective, single-blind study included children aged 1–18 years hospitalized with influenza, in MacKay Children’s Hospital, Taiwan, between December 2017 and December 2019. The primary
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In vitro activity of arbekacin against multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 Mariana Albano,Wim Alexander Fleischmann,Kerryl E Greenwood-Quaintance,Robin Patel
Arbekacin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for 296 drug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli. The MIC50 and MIC90 were 16 and >128 μg/ml, respectively. Compared to previously determined MICs for other aminoglycosides, arbekacin showed similar MIC50 values to amikacin and gentamicin, a lower MIC50 value than tobramycin, and a higher MIC50 value than plazomicin.
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SARS-CoV-2-induced immunodysregulation and the need for higher clinical suspicion for co-infection and secondary infection in COVID-19 patients. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-09-08 Allison Parrill,Tiffany Tsao,Vinh Dong,Nguyen Tien Huy
Cases of co-infection and secondary infection emerging during the current Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic are a major public health concern. Such cases may result from immunodysregulation induced by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Pandemic preparedness must include identification of disease natural history and common secondary infections to implement clinical solutions.
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Helicobacter pylori infection and autoimmune diseases; Is there an association with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune atrophy gastritis and autoimmune pancreatitis? A systematic review and meta-analysis study. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-28 Masoud Youssefi,Mohsen Tafaghodi,Hadi Farsiani,Kiarash Ghazvini,Masoud Keikha
Autoimmune diseases are considered as one of the most important disorders of the immune system, in which the prolonged and chronic processes eliminate self-tolerance to the auto-antigens. The prevalence of autoimmune diseases has been increasing worldwide in the recent years. According to the literature, biological processes such as the host genome, epigenetic events, environmental condition, drug
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Plasma procalcitonin levels remain low at the onset of gram-positive bacteremia regardless of severity or the presence of shock: A retrospective analysis of patients with detailed clinical characteristics. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-20 Yusuke Koizumi,Daisuke Sakanashi,Tomoko Ohno,Akiko Nakamura,Atsuko Yamada,Yuichi Shibata,Arufumi Shiota,Hideo Kato,Mao Hagihara,Nobuhiro Asai,Masaya Watarai,Kenta Murotani,Yuka Yamagishi,Hiroyuki Suematsu,Hiroshige Mikamo
Objectives Procalcitonin (PCT) is an early diagnosis marker of sepsis/bacteremia. However, some reports refer to its lower responsiveness to gram-positive bacteremia. We retrospectively evaluated the PCT values at the onset of bacteremia in relation to severity index. Methods Patients with bacteremia caused by two gram-negative bacteria (46 E.coli and 50 K. pneumoniae) and three gram-positive bacteria
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Olfactory disorder in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-20 Yung-Feng Yen,Hsin-Hao Lai,Shang-Yih Chan,Vincent Yi-Fong Su,Ting-Fang Chiu,Chiao-Yu Huang,Chia-Chun Hung,Tzu-Ling Kuo,Ya-Ling Lee,Dachen Chu
Three (60%) of five patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had olfactory disorder. Two exhibited anosmia at the onset of COVID-19, while one had hyposmia 4 days after the onset of COVID-19. All patients with olfactory disorder were completely recovered with a mean recovery length of 11.3 days.
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Clinical manifestations and radiological features by chest computed tomographic findings of a novel coronavirus disease-19 pneumonia among 92 patients in Japan. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-20 Nobuhiro Asai,Daisuke Sakanashi,Akiko Nakamura,Takaaki Kishino,Hideo Kato,Mao Hagihara,Arufumi Shiota,Yusuke Koizumi,Yuka Yamagishi,Hiroshige Mikamo
Introduction The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) could cause a severe acute respiratory infectious disease, showing a high mortality rate of 12-45% among cases who required intensive care unit admission. COVID-19 pneumonia Patients and methods For the purpose of identifying clinical manifestations and radiological findings of COVID-19 pneumonia, we reviewed all cases of COVID-19 pneumonia which
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Low immunoglobulin G level is associated with poor outcomes in patients with sepsis and septic shock. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-19 Masayuki Akatsuka,Hiroomi Tatsumi,Tomoko Sonoda,Yoshiki Masuda
Background Despite studies on low immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels in critically ill patients, their association with clinical outcomes in sepsis patients remains disputed. Herein, we determined the association between low IgG levels and clinical outcomes and investigated the 28-day mortality in patients with low IgG levels. Methods We retrospectively identified 238 patients whose serum IgG levels were
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Clinical characteristics and outcomes of culture-negative versus culture-positive osteomyelitis in children treated at a tertiary hospital in central Taiwan. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-18 Jiun-An Chen,Hsiao-Chuan Lin,Hsiu-Mei Wei,Yu-Lung Hsu,Huan-Cheng Lai,Yan Yi Low,Yu-Ting Chiu,Chien-Chung Kuo,Kao-Pin Hwang
Background The causative pathogen of pediatric osteomyelitis is often unidentified despite culturing attempts. This study evaluated and compared the clinical characteristics, therapeutic approach, and outcomes of osteomyelitis caused by unknown pathogens and identified microorganisms. Method This 17-year retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in central Taiwan. Medical records of
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Allergic rhinitis as a key factor for the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-18 Ming-Chu Feng,Yi-Giien Tsai,Yu-Han Chang,Chao-Hung Kuo,Yi-Ching Lin,Chih-Hsing Hung
Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) may cause airway symptoms and some airway diseases exacerbate GERD symptoms. Asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) have been identified as united airway disease because of their similar epidemiology and pathophysiology. Asthma has been considered a risk factor to develop GERD. However, the association between AR and GERD is not clear. We tried to investigate
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Rapid and semi-quantitative colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification detection of ASFV via HSV color model transformation. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-16 Ling-Shan Yu,Sheng-Yeh Chou,Hsing-Yu Wu,Yu-Cheng Chen,Yen-Hsu Chen
Background African Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and lethal viral disease of swine, the presence of which in groups of pigs leads to enormous economic losses in the farming industry. However, vaccines and drugs to treat ASF have yet to be developed. To control the spread of the African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV), a diagnostic method that can be applied rapidly and can detect the disease during
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Clinical features of neonates born to mothers with coronavirus disease-2019: A systematic review of 105 neonates. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-14 Hsin Chi,Nan-Chang Chiu,Yu-Lin Tai,Hung-Yang Chang,Chao-Hsu Lin,Yi-Hsiang Sung,Cheng-Yin Tseng,Lawrence Yu-Min Liu,Chien-Yu Lin
Background Despite the increasingly recognized impact of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), on many aspects of health in adults and children, its effects on neonates born to infected mothers remain unclear. We conducted this study to investigate the outcomes of neonates born to mothers with COVID-19. Methods We searched
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The first study to detect co-infection of Entamoeba gingivalis and periodontitis-associated bacteria in dental patients in Taiwan. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-13 Jian Ming Huang,Chun Chan Ting,Yu Chun Chen,Kuo Yuan,Wei Chen Lin
Periodontitis, an inflammatory disease of the oral cavity, was caused by microbes from bacteria to protozoa. In this study, we detected protozoa, Entamoeba gingivalis and other three common pathogenic bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia by the Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on patients.
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Tumor necrosis factor-α promotes Staphylococcus aureus-induced osteomyelitis through downregulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-13 Xin Ma,Wenyang Xia,Yang Zong,Chaolai Jiang,Haojie Shan,Yiwei Lin,Fuli Yin,Nan Wang,Lihui Zhou,Gen Wen,Zubin Zhou
Background Infections of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) often result in osteomyelitis, which is the acute or chronic infections of the bone marrow or bones. TNF-α is long recognized as a key factor contributing to the pathogenesis of osteomyelitis, but little is known about the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods Expression levels of TNF-α, and several candidate genes, including endothelial
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Linezolid as salvage therapy for central nervous system infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at two medical centers in Taiwan. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-14 Hong-An Chen,Chia-Jui Yang,Mao-Song Tsai,Chun-Hsing Liao,Chen-Hsiang Lee
Background Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-associated central nervous system infections are potentially devastating. Linezolid has good penetration into cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue. In clinical practice, linezolid may be used to treat central nervous system infections caused by MRSA resulting from glycopeptide intolerance or treatment failure. However, the clinical experience
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Detection of respiratory viruses in adults with respiratory tract infection using a multiplex PCR assay at a tertiary center. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-12 Cheng-Chun Tai,Cheng-Hsien Tsai,Yu-Han Huang,Chia-Lin Lee,Hsin-Pai Chen,Yu-Jiun Chan
Background Respiratory viruses (RVs) are among the most common pathogens for both upper and lower respiratory tract infections (RTIs). However, the viral epidemiology of RV-associated RTIs in adults has long been under-recognized. Through a sensitive molecular assay, it would be possible to have a better understanding of the epidemiology of RV-associated RTIs. Material And Methods Respiratory tract
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Clinical impact of recreational drug use among people living with HIV in southern Taiwan. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-12 Guan-Lin Chen,Shang-Yi Lin,Hsiang-Yi Lo,Hsaing-Chun Wu,Ya-Mei Lin,Tun-Chieh Chen,Chieh-Yu Sandy Chu,Wen-Chi Lee,Yen-Hsu Chen,Po-Liang Lu
Background It is unclear about the impact of recreational drug use on the adherence, drug-drug interaction and the occurrence of sexual transmitted diseases (STDs) among people living with HIV. Material and methods A retrospective study was conducted between Dec 2016, and July 2018 to assess the clinical impact of recreational drug consumption in people living with HIV with antiretroviral therapy.
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Severe Clostridium difficile infections in intensive care units: Diverse clinical presentations. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-12 Jen-Chieh Lee,Yuan-Pin Hung,Bo-Yang Tsai,Pei-Jane Tsai,Wen-Chien Ko
Background Clostridium difficile infections (CDIs) cause significant mortality and morbidity. Critically ill patients are susceptible to CDIs and tend to have severe CDIs, and their clinical presentations are not merely diarrhea. Materials and Methods From September 2017 to March 2018, the adults with CDIs in the ICUs were included. Fecal specimens with positive results of glutamate dehydrogenase assay
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Matrix metalloproteinases activation in Toxocara canis induced pulmonary pathogenesis. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 Cheng-You Lu,Shih-Chan Lai,Hsiu-Hsiung Lee,Hui-Tan Chien,Kuang-Pin Lan,Ke-Min Chen
Backgroud Toxocara canis, a source of visceral larva migrans, causes toxocariasis and induces respiratory symptoms. The reasons by which the pulmonary pathological alteration in the lungs infected with T. canis remain unclear. Methods The involvement of the pulmonary pathological alteration by histology, enzyme activity, and western blot analysis in the lungs of BALB/c mice after the infection of 2
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Clinical characteristics and risk factors for children with norovirus gastroenteritis in Taiwan. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 Chia-Yi Wu,Hsin Chi,Ching-Chuan Liu,Yhu-Chering Huang,Yi-Chuan Huang,Hsiao-Chuan Lin,Yu-Huai Ho,Li-Min Huang,Ching-Yi Huang,Shu-Man Shih,Fang-Tzy Wu,Jung-Jung Mu,Chao A Hsiung,
Background Norovirus is a common acute gastroenteritis (AGE) pathogen across all age groups worldwide, which is difficult to differentiate from other pathogens. This study aimed to understand the clinical characteristics and risk factors of norovirus gastroenteritis among children in Taiwan. Methods A prospective AGE surveillance study was conducted in children aged ≤ 5 years who were hospitalized
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Molecular characterization of pathogenic group B streptococcus from a tertiary hospital in Shanxi, China: High incidence of sequence type 10 strains in infants/pregnant women. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-11 Li Zhang,Lan Ma,Lei Zhu,Xiang-Hong Zhou,Li-Jun Xu,Chao Guo,Jin-Hua Meng,Xin-Hua Zhang,Qing-Hua Liu,Rui Huang
Background Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of serious infection in infants. Understanding its regional molecular epidemiology is helpful for regulating efficient prevention practice. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to collected data from infants and pregnant women with culture-proven GBS disease in the largest women and children’s medical center in Shanxi between January
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Current status of oxacillin-susceptible mecA-positive Staphylococcus aureus infection in Shanghai, China: A multicenter study. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-07 Jun-Lan Liu,Tian-Ming Li,Ni Zhong,Xing Wang,Jie Jiang,Wen-Xia Zhang,Rong Tang,Yin-Juan Guo,Yun Liu,Jiang Hu,Li-Hua He,Jin Tang,Wen-Juan Wu,Min Li
Background oxacillin-susceptible mecA-positive Staphylococcus aureus (OS-MRSA) represents an important issue, as its oxacillin susceptibility has contributed to misidentification by conventional susceptibility tests and consequently potential therapeutic failure, but limited data on the current status of OS-MRSA infection in Chinese hospitals are available. Methods this multicenter study performed
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Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in children in Iran: Atypical CT manifestations and mortality risk of severe COVID-19 infection. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 Setareh Mamishi,Hosein Heydari,Alireza Aziz-Ahari,Mohammad Reza Shokrollahi,Babak Pourakbari,Shima Mahmoudi,Zahra Movahedi
Background During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, Iran reported its first confirmed cases of syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections on 19 February 2020 in Qom. Although the numbers of cases are increasing, no report about clinical manifestations, laboratory results, and imaging findings of the children infected with COVID-19 in Iran has been published. The aim of this study
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Analysis of antibiotics discontinuation during bone marrow suppression in childhood, adolescent and young adult patients with febrile neutropenia. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 Ryoji Kobayashi,Satoru Matsushima,Daiki Hori,Hirozumi Sano,Daisuke Suzuki,Kenji Kishimoto,Kunihiko Kobayashi
Background Antibiotics have been widely and efficaciously used for febrile neutropenia in pediatric patients. However, reports are scant regarding the risk factors for recurrent fever after discontinuation of antibiotics in a neutropenic state. Here, we investigated these factors using data from our previously reported randomized study regarding meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam for pediatric patients
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Repeated COVID-19 relapse during post-discharge surveillance with viral shedding lasting for 67 days in a recovered patient infected with SARS-CoV-2. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. (IF 3.493) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 Fang Liu,Zhao-Bin Cai,Jin-Song Huang,Hai-Ying Niu,Wen-Yan Yu,Yan Zhang,Ting-Bo Yan,Chen Chen,Yuan Liu,Ai-Fang Xu