Introduction: MASK-air® is an app whose aim is to reduce the global burden of allergic rhinitis and asthma. A transfer of innovative practices was performed to disseminate and implement MASK-air® in European regions. The aim of the study was to examine the implementation of the MASK-air® app in older adults of the Puglia TWINNING in order to investigate (i) the rate of acceptance in this population

Mast cells (MCs) are involved in several biological processes, such as defense against pathogens, immunomodulation, tissue repair after injury, and angiogenesis. MCs have been shown to change from protective immune cells to potent pro-inflammatory cells, influencing the progression of many pathological conditions, including autoimmune diseases and cancers. The role of MCs in the pathogenesis of rhinopathies

Introduction: We explored the cross-reactivity among 19 common allergen sources and evaluated the influence of serum IgE concentrations and the number of sensitized allergens on the incidence of allergic symptoms. Methods: We conducted this cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2006 which is a program of studies designed to assess

Background: Intestinal flora is associated with Graves’ disease (GD). This study explored the association of serum 25(OH)D with the diversity of the intestinal flora and serum IL-17 in GD patients. Methods: Patients newly diagnosed with GD at 2 centers between 2018 and 2021 were consecutively included. According to their 25(OH)D levels, they were divided into the deficiency group, the insufficiency

Background: Over the last 20 years, diverse outcome measures have been used to evaluate the effectiveness of therapies for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). This systematic review aims to identify the readouts used in observational studies of topical corticosteroids, diet, and dilation in adult EoE patients. Methods: We searched MEDLINE and Embase for prospective and retrospective studies (cohorts/case

Introduction: Wheezing is a common problem in preschool children. Currently, there are no reliable biomarkers that can predict subsequent wheezing in preschool children. This study aimed to compare serum periostin levels between preschool children with and without recurrent wheezing and investigate its utility for predicting acute wheezing exacerbation. Methods: Children aged 2–5 years with recurrent

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is regarded as one of the most common allergic disease of nasal mucosa affecting many people worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs are critical modulators affecting AR progression, whereas the pathogenesis of Linc00632 in the development of AR remains unclear. Methods: T helper cell 2 (Th2) differentiation of CD4+ T cells was measured by flow cytometry. Real-time quantitative

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a disease which affects #x3e;24% of the population in Russia. Triamcinolone acetonide (TAA) is a corticosteroid used for treating AR. This post hoc analysis assesses the efficacy of intranasal TAA in improving perennial AR (PAR) symptom scores over 4 weeks. Methods: NASANIF (NCT03317015) was a double-blind, parallel-group, multicenter, prospective, non-inferiority

Introduction: Although drug allergy workup for pediatric patients (skin and drug provocation tests [DPT]) is performed, the procedures are troublesome, painful, and time-consuming. The aim of this study was to assess parents’ perception of and satisfaction with their child’s drug allergy workup. Further, to evaluate parents’ tendency to use the tested drug following a negative DPT and the consequences

Introduction: Children with food allergy are at increased risk for asthma and asthma morbidity. Since leukotrienes are implicated in the pathogenesis of both asthma and probably in food allergies, we hypothesized that asthmatic children with concomitant food allergy may have a favorable response to antileukotriene treatment. Methods: Asthmatic children aged 6–18 years with and without food allergy

Introduction: Food allergy is the major cause of pediatric anaphylaxis. Characteristics and triggers may be different in different geographical regions. Studies focusing on food-induced anaphylaxis (FIA) in Asian developing countries are limited. Our study aimed to study characteristics of FIA in a tertiary care center in an Asian developing country. Methods: Retrospective review of pediatric anaphylaxis

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a disease that affects ≤24% of people in Russia, significantly impairing quality of life (QoL). Intranasal corticosteroids, such as triamcinolone acetonide (TAA), are considered effective drugs for treatment. A post hoc analysis of data (phase III NASANIF trial) examined weekly QoL changes in patients receiving TAA for the treatment of perennial AR (PAR). Methods:

Introduction: There are limited reports on the natural history of hen’s egg (HE) allergy (HEA) in children #x3c;6 years. We aimed to investigate the natural history of HEA in children aged 6–12 years and the factors affecting its tolerance acquisition. Methods: Using the database in our hospital, a total of 137 patients diagnosed with a definitive immediate-type reaction to HE when they turned 6 years

Introduction: Mast cells and their major protein, the serine proteinase tryptase, can be involved in cutaneous photodamage and carcinogenesis. The serum test of tryptase (S-tryptase) measures total tryptase protein (active tryptase and inactive protryptases), and S-tryptase is elevated in a variety of diseases, for example, in mastocytosis and α-tryptasemia. Objectives: The objective of this study

Introduction: Asthmatics can experience recurrent exacerbations (AEs), irrespectively of asthma severity. Airway inflammatory monitoring could be fundamental to optimize the asthma management. The present study evaluated whether exhaled NO concentrations in proximal and distal respiratory compartments are different in AE-prone patients in combination with T2 blood biomarkers and resting oxygen saturation

Background: There has been no investigation so far on the prevalence or causes of hypereosinophilia during rheumatic diseases. Objectives: The study aimed to identify the prevalence and causes of hypereosinophilia among the patients followed in a rheumatology department. Methods: The patients aged 18 years or over followed in our rheumatology department between January 2010 and December 2019 who had

Background: Cough-variant asthma (CVA) is a special type of asthma, solely manifesting with coughing. Studies suggest that airway inflammation is associated with CVA pathogenesis. Amygdalin is found to have an anti-inflammatory potential, while how it affects CVA remains unexplored. Methods: Cytotoxicity delivered by various concentrations of LPS and amygdalin on BEAS-2B cells was determined by Cell

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a kind of chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the release of inflammatory cytokines and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which lead to increased riskfor heart diseases. This study aims to explore the possible effect and mechanism of Celastrol on RA induced cardiac impairments in rats. Methods: Collagen induced RA wistar rat models (CIA) were established for

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease, and Th2 cells play an important role in asthma. WDFY4 (WDFY family member 4) is a susceptibility gene in several autoimmune diseases. Objective: In this study, the roles of WDFY4 in Th2 cell differentiation and Th2-dependent asthma were investigated. Methods: Naïve CD4+ T cells were isolated from wild-type and WDFY4-deficient mice and induced

Background: Airway epithelial cells are constantly exposed to intracellular and extracellular proteases that play a pivotal role in several airway diseases. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) 1 derived from house dust mite has protease activity that causes epithelial barrier defect and inflammatory response. Protease inhibitors released against proteases are involved in the maintenance of homeostasis

Background: Predicting food allergy resolution is essential to minimize the number of restricted foods in children. However, there have been no studies on the natural history of peanut allergy (PA) in Korea. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the natural course and prognostic factors of immediate-type PA in children till the age of 10 years. Methods: We retrospectively collected data of 122 children

The Collegium Internationale Allergologicum (CIA) was founded on 15 October 1954 in London by a group of 48 international allergists and immunologists from 18 countries of all continents, among them such distinguished scientists as Carl Prausnitz-Giles, Sir Henry Dale, Paul Kallos, and many others. Contrary to other international associations in the field, this Collegium limited the number of members

Background: As the number of allergic sensitizations increases the severity of allergic respiratory diseases worsens. Multiple monoallergen immunotherapy can be accompanied by poor treatment adherence and high costs, single multiallergen immunotherapy needs to prove efficacy whilst maintaining a good safety profile. Methods: Observational, retrospective, multicenter study using a 2-pollen single undiluted

Background: Wheat lipid transfer protein (LTP; Tri a 14) and ω5-gliadin have been described as major allergens in wheat allergy (WA) and relevant in wheat-induced anaphylaxis, frequently associated with cofactors. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare tools currently available in routine diagnosis to detect Tri a 14 sensitization, its clinical relevance, and cosensitization to ω5-gliadin

Background: Cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is the most common IgE-mediated food allergy and Bos d 5 is the major allergen in cow’s milk proteins. More than 60% of the patients with CMA are sensitized to this protein. Methods and Results: A recombinant protein, encoded by a synthetic gene and consisting of reassembled Bos d 5 fragments, was expressed in E. coli strain BL21 (DE3) cells and purified to homogeneity

Background: It is plausible that interleukin polymorphisms may affect predisposition of autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the results of so far published studies remain controversial. Objectives: The authors conducted this meta-analysis to clarify relationships between interleukin-1 (IL-1)/interleukin-4 (IL-4)/interleukin-6 (IL-6)/interleukin-10 (IL-10) polymorphisms

Background: Few data are available concerning the prevalence and risk factors for allergic rhinitis (AR) in school children in Hubei Province which is located in the central part of China. This study investigated the epidemiological features of AR among school children in Hubei Province. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey on AR in school children was carried out in 5 cities in Hubei Province

Introduction: The increase in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and food allergy leads to an assumption that the 2 are related. This study aims to (1) systematic verification of HFD-induced obesity aggravates food allergy and (2) explore the correlation and molecular mechanisms of HFD-induced obesity promotes food allergy. Methods: Female BALB/c mice are divided into the control group (control),

Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) can impact the severity of allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma (AA). Here, we evaluated the cytokine production by T-cells from AR and AA patients with or without MDD. The effect of serotonin on the in vitro T-cell response was also evaluated. Methods: The cytokines produced by activated T-cells were measured by Luminex and flow cytometry. In some cell cultures

Introduction: Asymptomatic sensitization is defined as the presence of positive skin prick test (SPT) and/or positive serum allergen-specific IgE in the absence of clinical allergic symptoms. Currently, there is no convincing explanation why some people with positive allergen tests do not show symptoms. We aimed to investigate the house dust mite (HDM)-specific IgE and IgG4 repertoire in asymptomatic

Background: The efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is mainly depended on the tolerogenic immune responses elicited. Properly conjugated nano-vaccine has the advantages of both specific targeting and continuous and on-demand release of allergen. Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a dendritic cells (DCs)-targeting nano-vaccine for AIT. Methods: The nano-vaccine

Background: Gibberellin-regulated proteins (GRPs, Peamaclein) are allergens recently identified in plant-derived food allergy (FA), and little is known about the clinical manifestations of this allergic condition in the European population, especially in children. Objective: Our study aimed to identify and characterize pediatric patients with pollen-FA due to GRP sensitization. Methods: We retrospectively

Background: The role of salivary-specific IgG4 and IgA in subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is not well defined. We aimed to investigate the change of IgG4 and IgA in both serum and saliva and their correlations with IgE-blocking-factor (IgE-BF) during SCIT. Method: 307 Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP) allergic rhinitis and/or asthma patients were recruited for this study. 286 patients received

Introduction: Worldwide, polyvalent immunoglobulin (Ig) use is rising. Together with the limited supply, this puts pressure on Ig availability. A clear overview on a country’s usage pattern helps in forecasting future needs. This research aims to provide an overview of Ig use in Belgium on the different indications, including an estimation of off-label use. Methods: Multiple data sources were used

Background: Food allergy (FA) in children impacts their own and their family quality of life (QoL). The association of specific FA factors with the various domains of health-related QoL (HRQL) in children is unclear. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate FA characteristics in primary school children as determinants of components of HRQL. Methods: Children with FA were recruited from the

Introduction: There are a limited number of studies about the clinical findings of coronavirus infection in pediatric patients with asthma. We aimed to evaluate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of pediatric patients with asthma and healthy children without chronic disease who infected with SARS-CoV-2. Methods: This is a retrospective, case-control study comparing the asthma diagnosed and

Objectives: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a rheumatic disorder that is mostly determined by genetic and environmental factors. Given the known importance of macrophage in AS pathogenesis, we investigated the transcriptional profile of macrophage cells in the disease. Methods and Results: Two approaches of differential expression and subsequently, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was utilized

Background: Asthma is a chronic disease characterized by airway inflammation. Obesity is common and may be associated with asthma. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the possible relationship between asthma control and obesity in children. Methods: A nationwide study included 462 children and adolescents, 319 (69%) males, mean age 11.3 years. Asthma control grade, asthma control

Background: Tumor protein p63 has been shown to be important for epithelial dysfunction, including epithelial barrier defects and mucosal inflammation, in the development of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Basonuclin1 (BNC1), an epithelial-specific transcriptional factor, is a direct downstream target of p63 and thus might be involved in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP. Objective: We

Introduction: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a common cutaneous disease caused by mast-cell degranulation. Human β-defensin 2 (HBD2) is a well-known antimicrobial peptide that is also a pruritogen inducing vascular permeability via non-IgE-mediated mast-cell degranulation. Objective: We investigated the associations between serum HBD2 levels and the clinical characteristics of CSU patients

Background: The pathogenesis and pulmonary histopathological characteristics of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) are not yet fully understood. Therefore, we established animal models of HP of different stages, aiming to provide support for research on this disease. Methods: We established rat models of pigeon breeder’s lung of different pathological types by creating freeze-dried allergen powder from

Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2021;182:1

Introduction: Cross-reactivity between shrimp and house dust mite (HDM) proteins has been widely documented. In tropical region, shrimp (5–15%) and mite sensitization (80–95%) is prevalent in allergic patients. However, the clinical relevance of shrimp sensitization in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) has been poorly studied. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the clinical

Introduction: Biological drugs are currently used for the treatment of chronic inflammatory, autoimmune, and neoplastic diseases. With their expanding indication spectrum and increasing use, hypersensitivity reactions to these drugs are also becoming more frequent. The present study aimed to report the incidence and the features of such reactions in pediatric patients using biologicals for the treatment

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is prevalent, and many patients present with moderate-to-severe symptomatic disease. The majority of patients are not satisfied with their AR treatment, despite the use of concurrent medications. These gaps underscore the need for treatment with more effective options for moderate-to-severe AR. The authors’ objective was to review systematically the efficacy and safety of MP-AzeFlu

Concomitant dramatic increase in prevalence of allergic and metabolic diseases is part of a modern epidemic afflicting technologically advanced societies. While clinical evidence points to clear associations between various metabolic factors and atopic disease, there is still a very limited understanding of the mechanisms that link the two. Dysregulation of central metabolism in metabolic syndrome

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

Introduction: Modulating specific biological effects through the changes in cytokine receptors’ expression level remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the influence of the dose-dependent effect of TNF on the balance between proapoptotic and proliferation response depending on the parameters of TNFR1/2 expression density. Methods: Tumor cell lines (HEp-2, K-562, MCF-7, ZR-75/1,

Introduction: Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) are rare inherited disorders with a broad spectrum of manifestations. Here, we aimed to delineate the atopy burden in a cohort of patients with IEIs. Methods: 313 patients with IEIs were enrolled in the study within a 9-years period, and data were collected via a questionnaire. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software (v. 25.0, Chicago

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency of cardiac involvement in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), possible immune mechanisms of myocardial injury, and the place of cardiovascular pathology among other prognostic factors. Methods: The study included 86 patients (48 male, 60.2 ± 16.6 years) with COVID-19. In addition to common investigation, examination of troponin

Introduction: While there exists considerable evidence for efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), its impact on the improvement of nasal signs in allergic rhinitis (AR) patients remains quite unclear. In this study, the endoscopic examination and the modified Lund-Kennedy (MLK) scoring system were performed to describe and evaluate the therapeutic effect of SLIT. Methods: A total of 105 patients

Background: It is still debatable whether dog ownership during early childhood is a risk factor for the development of allergic diseases. Objective: We investigated the association of dog ownership in early life with sensitization and asthma in childhood. Methods: Data from the Cohort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and Allergic diseases were used to investigate the association between dog ownership

The fifth class of immunoglobulin, immunoglobulin E (IgE) was discovered in 1967 and has had immense importance for the understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of allergic disease. More than 50 years have passed and efforts to characterize, standardize, and refine allergens with the aim to improve clinical diagnosis and allergen-specific immunotherapy are still ongoing. Another important breakthrough

Background: There is not much known about venom allergy in tropical regions. Here, we studied the prevalence of specific IgE (sIgE) and skin prick test (SPT) reactivity and reported sting-related symptoms, in high- and low-socioeconomic status (SES) schoolchildren living in urban city of Makassar in Indonesia. Methods: Children from high- (n = 160) and low- (n = 165) SES schools were recruited. Standardized

Coronaviruses (CoVs) were first discovered in the 1960s. Severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been identified as the cause of COVID-19, which spread throughout China and subsequently, across the world. As COVID-19 causes serious public health concerns across the world, investigating the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and its interaction with the host immune responses may provide

Introduction: The skin prick test (SPT) is a reliable method to confirm sensitization in IgE-mediated allergic diseases; however, it has been reported to be affected by several personal and environmental factors. Our objective was to determine the factors affecting the skin reactivity to histamine and allergens and investigate whether it differs according to age in terms of reading time. Methods: A

SERPINE1 protein is one important member of the serine proteinase inhibitor E superfamily that plays a crucial role in the fibrinolytic system. It has been identified which is related to chronic inflammatory lung diseases like allergic asthma and lung fibrosis. Recently, researchers have focused on the impact of SERPINE1 and its genetic polymorphisms on inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory

Urticaria is a type of skin disease characterized by rapid onset of hives (superficial dermis edema, erythema, pruritus, or burning sensation). According to whether the natural course exceeds 6 weeks, urticaria can be divided into acute and chronic urticaria (CU). At present, the evaluation of CU activity mainly depends on the Urticaria Activity Score (UAS), but the evaluation indicators are relatively

Background: The effects of high-risk environment on young adults with mild asthma were never fully tested in practice, as most high-risk occupations do not welcome them. This study examines the effect of combat training on asthma worsening in the Israeli Defense Forces. Methods: Persons with asthma in remission and mild intermittent asthma who underwent combat training between 2014 and 2017 were compared

Introduction: The pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) is not yet completely understood. Based on current knowledge, the infiltration of mast cells and eosinophils in nasal polyps (NPs) plays an important role. This study aimed to investigate the interplay of asthma and allergy etiopathology in CRSwNPs patients by specifically studying tissue mast cells and eosinophils