Neuropathology studies of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and animal models of ALS reveal a strong association between aberrant protein accumulation and motor neuron damage, as well as activated microglia and astrocytes. While the role of neuroinflammation in the pathology of ALS is unclear, imaging studies of the CNS support the idea that innate immune activation occurs early in disease in both

Graft versus Host Disease (GvHD) is a major clinical problem with a significant unmet medical need. We examined the role of Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen-4 (CTLA-4) in a xenogenic GvHD (xeno-GvHD) model induced by injection of human peripheral mononuclear cells (hPBMC) into irradiated NSG mice. Targeting CTLA4 pathway by treatment with CTLA-4 Ig prevented xeno-GvHD, while anti-CTLA-4 antibody treatment

Inflammation resulting from ischaemia/reperfusion injury can cause kidney graft dysfunction, increase the risk of delayed graft function and possibly reduce long-term graft survival. Remote ischaemic conditioning may protect against ischaemia/reperfusion injury and mitigate the immunological response to the graft. We investigated the immunological effects of remote ischaemic conditioning on kidney

Launched in 1966 by the British Society for Immunology, Clinical & Experimental Immunology (CEI) is this year celebrating its 55th birthday. During this period, the journal has continued to thrive throughout changes in Editors-in-Chief and editorial teams, the immunological landscape, and the publishing industry, and continues to contribute to its field at the highest level. In this editorial, we look

The most profound of primary immunodeficiencies, severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), presents in infancy. Infants appear healthy at birth, but they are unable to clear pathogens, particularly viruses, and present with recurrent infection, progressive pnueumonitis and failure to thrive due to enteric viral infection, often associated with persistent vaccine-strain rotavirus. The administration

In the paper by Shavit et al. (1) there were errors in the article title and author name on page 251. The article title should have been corrected from ‘Immunodeficiency (CVID and CD4 lymphopenia) is associated with a high risk of malignancy among adults with primary immune deficienc’” to ‘Combined immunodeficiency (CVID and CD4 lymphopenia) is associated with a high risk of malignancy among adults

In this second and final part of the collection of articles for the Immunology of Diabetes Society review series on insights into pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, we present two articles. The first of these covers a debate that took place in the Immunology of Diabetes Society meeting in London 2018, in which five investigators presented a case for specific immune cells/targets to be the ‘Achilles Heel

In the article by Zhang et al.,1 the funder Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province (2020C03116) were missed out and should have been added to the acknowledgement section. The correct acknowledgements should be: