Galectin‐10 is involved in the T cell suppressive activity of regulatory T cells and eosinophils alike. We have identified a subpopulation of T cell suppressive eosinophils that express CD16 on the surface and contain more galectin‐10 compared with conventional CD16‐negative eosinophils. Our main goal was to determine how the intracellular protein galectin‐10 is released from eosinophils when exposed

Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) represents one of the most widespread and effective cell therapies for graft‐versus‐host disease and other T cell‐mediated disorders. However, the key factors affecting the therapeutic efficacy of ECP remain unclear. We hypothesized that therapeutic effects are mediated by ECP‐treated antigen presenting dendritic cells (DC). To test this hypothesis, we used the experimental

The therapeutic applications of regulatory T cells (Tregs) include treating autoimmune diseases, graft‐versus‐host disease, and induction of transplantation tolerance. For ex vivo expanded Tregs to be used in deceased donor transplantation, they must be able to suppress T‐cell responses to a broad range of HLA. Here, we present a novel approach for the expansion of polyspecific Tregs in Cynomolgus

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is fatal if not treated with immune reconstitution. In Egypt, T‐B+ SCID accounts for 38.5% of SCID diagnoses. An accurate genetic diagnosis is essential for choosing appropriate treatment modalities and for offering genetic counseling to the patient’s family.

Hepatic inflammatory response is a risk factor for liver cancer initiation and progression. Interleukin (IL)‐35 is the newest member of IL‐12 cytokine family, and has been reported to play an essential role in the immunosuppressive liver microenvironment. Herein we focus on the expression profiles of IL‐35 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and effects on local immune status.

Decreasing graft rejection and increasing graft and patient survival are great challenges facing liver transplantation (LT). Different T‐cell subsets participates in the acute cellular rejection (ACR) of the allograft. Cell‐mediated immunity markers of the recipient could help to understand the mechanisms underlying acute rejection.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease that leads to joint destruction and disability. Despite a significant progress in administration of biological agents for RA patients, there is still a need for improved therapy. Intravenous‐immunoglobulins (IVIG) , a pooled polyspecific immunoglobulin‐G (IgG) extracted from 5,000‐20,000 healthy subjects, showed beneficial therapeutic

Young donors are reported to be associated with better transplant outcomes than old donors in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT), but the mechanism is still unclear. The current study compared the different subsets of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and their progenitors as well as immune cells in bone marrow (BM) between young and old donors. The frequencies of HSCs, multipotent

Long‐term observation of patients with ANCA‐associated vasculitis (AAV) allows the identification of different longitudinal patterns of ANCA levels during follow‐up. This study aimed to characterise these patterns and to determine their prognostic significance.

Semi‐allogeneic embryos are not rejected by the maternal immune system due to maternal‐fetal immune tolerance. Progesterone (P) receptor (PR)‐expressing γδ T cells are present in healthy pregnant women. In the presence of P, these cells secrete an immunomodulatory protein called progesterone‐induced blocking factor (PIBF), which can facilitate immune escape and is important in preventing embryonic

Epigenetic studies reveal how our genes (nature) are influenced by environment (nurture) leading to wide variability in clinical presentations, especially in autoimmune diseases. Patients with C1‐inhibitor deficiency, even within the same family, have diverse clinical presentations that may reflect epigenetic control of gene expression by hormones or inflammatory signals.

Anti‐citrullinated protein/peptide antibodies (ACPA) play important roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). ACPA‐positive (ACPA+) and ACPA‐negative (ACPA‐) RA were suggested to be different disease subsets with distinct differences in genetic variation and clinical outcomes. The aims of the present study were to compare gene expression profiles in ACPA+ and ACPA‐ RA, and to identify

Growing evidence shows that a homozygous 6.7‐kb deletion of the novel anti‐inflammatory molecule leukocyte immunoglobulin like receptor A3 (LILRA3) is associated with many autoimmune disorders. However, its effects on pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have not been clarified yet. LILRA3 is mainly expressed in monocytes, whereas its effects on biological behaviors of monocytes have not

Pattern recognition receptors, such as Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in host defense against invading microbial pathogens. Their activation must be precisely regulated, as inappropriate activation or overactivation of TLR signaling pathways may result in inflammatory disorders, such as septic shock or autoimmune diseases. TMEM106A is a type II transmembrane protein constitutively

Over a 15 year period, the incidence of type 1 diabetes has doubled in Lithuania, whilst increasing by a third in England, however England still has the higher incidence. Analysis of sera collected from non‐diabetic schoolchildren from Lithuania and England more than 20 years ago showed a similar number of multiple autoantibody positive schoolchildren between the populations, but a higher prevalence

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune idiopathic connective tissue disease characterized by fibrosis of skin and internal organs such as lung, heart and gut. The disease results from an interplay between vascular damage, autoimmunity, inflammation [1], cytokine dysregulation and resulting differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts that deposit copious amounts of extracellular matrix molecules

In the article of Perdomo‐Celis1 the author N. A. Taborda would like to add the following affiliation. Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas Uniremington, Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Medellin, Colombia.