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The extent and impact of vaccine status miscategorisation on covid-19 vaccine efficacy studies medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Martin Neil, Scott McLachlan, Norman Fenton
It is recognised that many studies reporting high efficacy for Covid-19 vaccines suffer from various selection biases. Systematic review identified thirty-nine studies that suffered from one particular and serious form of bias called miscategorisation bias, whereby study participants who have been vaccinated are categorised as unvaccinated up to and until some arbitrarily defined time after vaccination
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Specific long-term changes in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG modifications and antibody functions in mRNA, adenovector, and protein subunit vaccines medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Sebastian Reinig, Chin Kuo, Chia-Chun Wu, Sheng-yu Huang, Jau-Song Yu, Shin-Ru Shih
Various vaccine platforms were developed and deployed against the COVID-19 disease. The Fc-mediated functions of IgG antibodies are essential in the adaptive immune response elicited by vaccines. However, the long-term changes of protein subunit vaccines and their combinations with mRNA vaccines are unknown. A total of 272 serum and plasma samples were collected from individuals who received first
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Clinical multi-omics reveals the role of Tuomin Zhiti Decoction Intervention in Allergic Rhinitis from the perspective of biological network medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Weibo Zhao, Boyang Wang, Lingyao Kong, Qi Wang, Shao Li
Background: Increasing evidence showed that seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), as an allergy disease, could be alleviated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, one example being Tuomin Zhiti Decoction (TZD). However, as a complex composition of TCM herbs, the mechanism of TZD in the treatment of SAR remain unclear. Purpose: Uncover the mechanism of TZD for treating SAR based on computational
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Integrating circulating T follicular memory cells and autoantibody repertoires for characterization of autoimmune disorders medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Emily M. Harris, Sarah Chamseddine, Anne Chu, Leetah Senkpeil, Matthew Nikiciuk, Amer Al-Musa, Brian Woods, Elif Ozdogan, Sarife Saker, David P Hoytema van Konijnenburg, Christina S.K. Yee, Ryan Nelson, Pui Y Lee, Olha Halyabar, Rebecca C Hale, Megan Day-Lewis, Lauren A Henderson, Alan A Nguyen, Megan Elkins, Toshiro K. Ohsumi, Maria Gutierrez-Arcelus, Janique M. Peyper, Craig D. Platt, Rachael F.
Introduction. Autoimmune diseases are heterogeneous and often lack specific or sensitive diagnostic tests. Increased percentages of CD4+CXCR5+PD1+ circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) cells and skewed distributions of cTfh subtypes have been associated with autoimmunity. However, cTfh cell percentages can normalize with immunomodulatory treatment despite persistent disease activity, indicating the
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Longitudinal Analysis Over Decades Reveals the Development and Immune Implications of Type I Interferon Autoantibodies in an Aging Population medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Sonja Fernbach, Nina K. Mair, Irene A. Abela, Kevin Groen, Roger Kuratli, Marie Lork, Christian W. Thorball, Enos Bernasconi, Paraskevas Filippidis, Karoline Leuzinger, Julia Notter, Andri Rauch, Hans H. Hirsch, Michael Huber, Huldrych F. Günthard, Jacques Fellay, Roger D. Kouyos, Benjamin G. Hale, The Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Pre-existing autoantibodies (autoAbs) neutralizing type I interferons (IFN-Is: IFNα, IFNβ, IFNω) have recently been described as significant contributors to the severity of viral infectious diseases. Here, we explore the development and consequences of anti-IFN-I autoAbs at high-resolution using retrospective samples and data from 1876 well-treated individuals >65 years of age enrolled in the Swiss
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The Majority of SARS-CoV-2 Plasma Cells are Excluded from the Bone Marrow Long-Lived Compartment 33 Months after mRNA Vaccination medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Doan C Nguyen, Ian T Hentenaar, Andrea Morrison-Porter, David Solano, Natalie S. Haddad, Carlos Castrillon, Pedro A Lamothe, Joel Andrews, Danielle Roberts, Sagar Lonial, Ignacio Sanz, Frances Eun-Hyung Lee
The goal of any vaccine is to induce long-lived plasma cells (LLPC) to provide life-long protection. Natural infection by influenza, measles, or mumps viruses generates bone marrow (BM) LLPC similar to tetanus vaccination which affords safeguards for decades. Although the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines protect from severe disease, the serologic half-life is short-lived even though SARS-CoV-2-specific plasma
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Effectiveness of physical activity in obese children and adolescents and serum interleukin-10 levels: A protocol for systematic review medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Andreza Gomes Pascoal, Paula de Souza Mendes, Luiz Eduardo Rodrigues Lima, Bruno Mori
Background Obesity is a global health problem that affects millions of people around the world, especially children and adolescents. The main causes of obesity are a sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, and lack of reduction in the level of physical activity with negative consequences for physical and mental health, such as increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia
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A Systematic Review on Malaria and Tuberculosis (TB) Vaccine Challenges in Sub-Saharan African Clinical Trials medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Maonezi Abas Hamisi, Nur Ain Mohd Asri, Aini Syahida Mat Yassim, Rapeah Suppian
Objective For more than a century, developing novel and effective vaccines against malaria and tuberculosis (TB) infections has been a challenge. This review sought to investigate the reasons for the slow progress of malaria and TB vaccine candidates in sub-Saharan African clinical trials.
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Characterizing the skeletal muscle immune microenvironment for sarcopenia using transcriptome analysis and histological validation medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-02-24 Liting Jiang, Linhui Shen, Yuan Zong, Jiawen Zhao, Yi Yang, Lei Li, Ning Li, Yiming Gao, Xianfei Xie, Qiyuan Bao, Weiguo Hu
Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. The pathogenesis of the disease is influenced by chronic low-grade inflammation. However, the specific changes in the immune landscape changes of sarcopenic muscle are not yet fully understood. To gain insights into the immune cell composition and interactions, we combined single-nuclei RNA sequencing
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Role of DOCK8 in Hyper-inflammatory Syndromes medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Mingce Zhang, Remy R Cron, Niansheng Chu, Junior Nguyen, Scott M Gordon, Esraa M Eloseily, Thomas Prescott Atkinson, Peter Weiser, Mark R Walter, Portia A Kreiger, Scott W Canna, Edward M Behrens, Randy Q Cron
Background: Cytokine storm syndromes (CSS), including hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), are increasingly recognized as hyper-inflammatory states leading to multi-organ failure and death. Familial HLH (FHL) in infancy results from homozygous genetic defects in perforin-mediated cytolysis by CD8 T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. Later onset CSS are frequently associated with heterozygous
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ACK1 and BRK non-receptor tyrosine kinase deficiencies are associated with familial systemic lupus and involved in efferocytosis medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Stephanie Guillet, Tomi Lazarov, Natasha Jordan, Bertrand Boisson, Maria Tello, Barbara Craddock, Ting Zhou, Chihiro Nishi, Rohan Bareja, Hairu Yang, Frederic Rieux-Laucat, Rosa Irene Fregel Lorenzo, Sabrina D. Dyall, David Isenberg, David D'Cruz, Nico Lachmann, Olivier Elemento, Agnes Viale, Nicholas D. Socci, Laurent Abel, Shigekazu Nagata, Morgan Huse, W Todd Miller, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Frédéric
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, the pathophysiology and genetic basis of which are incompletely understood. Non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs) regulate activation, migration, and proliferation of immune cells. We report compound heterozygous deleterious variants in the kinase domains of the non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTK) TNK2/ACK1 in one multiplex family and PTK6/BRK
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Mechanistic models of humoral kinetics following COVID-19 vaccination medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Daniel A Stocks, Amy C Thomas, Adam Finn, Leon Danon, Ellen Brooks-Pollock
Introduction: Future COVID-19 vaccine programmes need to take into account the variable responses elicited by different vaccines and their waning protection over time. Existing descriptions of antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination convey limited information about the mechanisms of antibody production and maintenance. Methods: We describe the antibody dynamics elicited by COVID-19 vaccination with
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IL-6R (trans-signaling) is a key regulator of reverse cholesterol transport in lipid-laden macrophages medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Fatema Al-Rashed, Halemah AlSaeed, Nourah Almansour, Fahd Al- Mulla, Yusuf A. Hannun, Rasheed Ahmad
Background Atherosclerosis epitomizes a multifaceted cardiovascular disorder, predominantly characterized by the accumulation of cholesterol-laden plaques within arterial walls. Despite substantial research, the precise mechanisms governing the formation of these cholesterol-rich plaques remain partially elucidated. This study delves into the complex interplay of interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptors, shedding
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Rhinovirus infection of airway epithelial cells uncovers the non-ciliated subset as a likely driver of genetic susceptibility to childhood-onset asthma medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Sarah Djeddi, Daniela Fermandez-Salinas, George Huang, Vitor Aguiar, Chitrasen Mohanty, Christina Kendziorski, Steven Gazal, Joshua Boyce, Carole Ober, James Gern, Nora Barrett, Maria Gutierrez-Arcelus
Asthma is a complex disease caused by genetic and environmental factors. Epidemiological studies have shown that in children, wheezing during rhinovirus infection (a cause of the common cold) is associated with asthma development during childhood. This has led scientists to hypothesize there could be a causal relationship between rhinovirus infection and asthma or that RV-induced wheezing identifies
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SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccine dose significantly extends humoral immune response half-life beyond the primary series medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Chapin Stephen Korosec, David W Dick, Iain Moyles, James Watmough
SARS-CoV-2 lipid nanoparticle mRNA therapeutics continue to be administered as the predominant therapeutic intervention to reduce COVID-19 disease pathogenesis. Quantifying the kinetics of the secondary immune response from subsequent doses beyond the primary series, and understanding how dose-dependent immune waning kinetics vary as a function of age, sex, and various comorbidities, remains an important
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Determination of prevalence of HLA-B27 in patients with backache at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Abdul Rehman Haris, Furqan Maqsood, Hamid Nawaz Tipu, Dawood Ahmad
Background HLA-B27 is a class I MHC protein that is associated with different diseases collectively called, spondyloarthropathies. It includes; 2. Ankylosing spondylitis, which causes inflammation of the bones in your spine 3. Reactive arthritis, which causes inflammation of your joints, urethra, and eyes, and in some cases lesions on your skin 4. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis 5. Anterior Uveitis,
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The assembly of neutrophil inflammasomes during COVID-19 is mediated by type I interferons medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Luz Eneida Cabrera, Suvi T. Jokiranta, Sanna Mäki, Simo Miettinen, Ravi Kant, Lauri Kareinen, Tarja Sironen, Jukka-Pekka Pietilä, Anu Kantele, Eliisa Kekäläinen, Hanna Lindgren, Pirkko Mattila, Anja Kipar, Olli Vapalahti, Tomas Strandin
The severity of COVID-19 is linked to excessive inflammation. Neutrophils represent a critical arm of the innate immune response and are major mediators of inflammation, but their role in COVID-19 pathophysiology remains poorly understood. We conducted transcriptomic profiling of neutrophils obtained from patients with mild and severe COVID-19, as well as from SARS-CoV-2 infected mice, in comparison
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Benefits of Aeroallergen Testing on Oral Corticosteroid Bursts in Adults with Asthma medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Patrick K Gleeson, Knashawn H Morales, Timothy M Buckey, Olajumoke O Fadugba, Andrea J Apter, Jason D Christie, Blanca E Himes
BACKGROUND: Aeroallergen testing can improve precision care for persistent asthma and is recommended by the U.S. clinical guidelines. How testing benefits diverse populations of adults with asthma, and the importance of the testing modality used, are not fully understood. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate whether receipt of aeroallergen testing was associated with a reduction in oral corticosteroid
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The Durability and Avidity of MPXV-specific Antibodies Induced by the Two-dose MVA-BN Mpox Vaccine medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Aaron L Oom, Angelica C Kottkamp, Kesi K Wilson, Miilani Yonatan, Stephanie Rettig, Heekoung Allison Youn, Michael Tuen, Yusra Shah, Ashley L DuMont, Marie I Samanovic, Ralf Duerr, Mark J Mulligan, NYC OSMI Study Group
The 2022 global outbreak of clade IIb mpox was the first major outbreak of mpox outside of African nations. To control the outbreak, vaccination campaigns were begun using the third-generation orthopoxvirus vaccine MVA-BN. During the vaccination campaign, we launched the New York City Observational Study of Mpox Immunity (NYC OSMI). NYC OSMI is a longitudinal study that enrolled 171 MVA-BN vaccinees
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Longitudinal Study on Seroprevalence and Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in a Population of Food and Retail Workers Through Transformation of ELISA Datasets medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Abdelhadi Djaïleb, Megan-Faye Parker, Étienne Lavallée, Matthew Stuible, Yves Durocher, Mathieu Thériault, Kim Santerre, Caroline Gilbert, Denis Boudreau, Mariana Baz, Jean-Francois Masson, Marc-André Langlois, Sylvie Trottier, Daniela Quaglia, Joelle N. Pelletier
Since the onset of the global pandemic caused by the emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 in early 2020, numerous studies have been conducted worldwide to understand our immune response to the virus. This study investigates the humoral response elicited by vaccination and by SARS-CoV-2 infection in the poorly studied food and retail workers in the Quebec City area. The 1.5-year study period spans from
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Comparison of the capacity of several machine learning tools to assist immunofluorescence-based detection of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-01-28 Daniel Bertin, Pierre Bongrand, Nathalie Bardin
The success of artificial intelligence and machine learning is an incentive to develop new algorithms to increase the rapidity and reliability of medical diagnosis. Here we compared different strategies aimed at processing microscope images used to detect anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, an important vasculitis marker: (i) basic classifier methods (logistic regression, k-nearest neighbors and
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Repeated Hand Grip Strength is an Objective Marker for Disability and Severity of Key Symptoms in Post-COVID ME/CFS medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Anna Paffrath, Laura Kim, Claudia Kedor, Elisa Stein, Rebekka Rust, Helma Freitag, Uta Hoppmann, Leif G Hanitsch, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Kirsten Wittke, Carmen Scheibenbogen, Franziska Sotzny
Post-COVID Syndrome (PCS) refers to a diverse array of symptoms that persist beyond 3 months of the acute phase of a SARS-CoV-2 infection. The most frequent symptom is fatigue, which can manifest both mentally and physically. In this study, handgrip strength (HGS) parameters were determined as an objective measure of muscle fatigue and fatigability. HGS parameters were correlated with other fre-quent
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Longitudinal study of immunity to SARS-CoV2 in Ocrelizumab-treated multiple sclerosis patients up to 2 years after COVID-19 vaccination medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Ilya Kister, Ryan Curtin, Amanda L Piquet, Tyler Borko, Jinglan Pei, Barbara L Banbury, Tamar E Bacon, Angie Kim, Michael Tuen, Yogambigai Velmurugu, Samantha Nyovanie, Sean Selva, Marie I Samanovic, Mark J Mulligan, Yury Patskovsky, Jessica Priest, Mark Cabatingan, Ryan C Winger, Michelle Krogsgaard, Gregg J Silverman
Objectives: 1. To plot the trajectory of humoral and cellular immune responses to the primary (two-dose) COVID-19 mRNA series and the third/booster dose in B-cell-depleted multiple sclerosis (MS) patients up to 2 years post-vaccination; 2. to identify predictors of immune responses to vaccination; and 3. to assess the impact of intercurrent COVID-19 infections on SARS CoV-2-specific immunity. Methods:
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Germline HLA-DQ genotype influences response to CAR T-cell therapy in patients with large B-cell lymphoma medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Melchior Le Mene, Vincent Allain, Juliette Villemonteix, Alexis Cuffel, Jean-Luc Taupin, Roberta di Blasi, Catherine Thieblemont, Sophie Caillat-Zucman
CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have greatly improved the prognosis of relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (rrLBCL), yet treatment failure occurs in more than half of patients, usually in the first 3 months after treatment. While they primarily act through CAR-dependent, HLA-independent recognition of tumor targets, CAR-T cells may also indirectly contribute to long-term
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Association between antinuclear antibodies (ANA) patterns and extractable nuclear antigens (ENA) in patients with autoimmune diseases medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Abdul Rehman Haris, Hamid Nawaz Tipu, Dawood Ahmed, Muhammad Abdullah Nabeel, Muhammad Shoaib Akhtar
Background Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and extractable nuclear antigens (ENA) are crucial biomarkers for the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases (AID) such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjogren’s syndrome, systemic sclerosis, and polymyositis. In the present study, we assessed the most frequent ANA patterns associated with the most detectable ENA antigen (Ag) that could be used as a diagnostic
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Circulating immunome fingerprint in eosinophilic esophagitis is associated with clinical response to proton pump inhibitor treatment medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-12-30 Lola Ugalde-Triviño, Francisca Molina-Jiménez, Juan H-Vázquez, Carlos Relaño-Rupérez, Laura Arias-González, Sergio Casabona, María Teresa Pérez-Fernández, Verónica Martín-Domínguez, Jennifer Fernández-Pacheco, Alfredo J Lucendo, David Bernardo, Cecilio Santander, Pedro Majano
Objectives The aim of the study was to characterize the circulating immunome of patients with EoE before and after proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment in order to identify potential non-invasive biomarkers of treatment response.
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Human ASXL1 Deficiency Causes Epigenetic Dysfunction, Combined Immunodeficiency and EBV-Associated Hodgkin Lymphoma medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Maggie P Fu, Mehul Sharma, Sarah M Merrill, Pariya Yousefi, Ryan Tan, Bhavi P Modi, Kate Del Bel, Rebecca J Deyell, Jacob Rozmus, Wingfield Rehmus, Kyla J Hildebrand, Elliot James, Geraldine Blanchard-Rohner, Susan Lin, Kevin E Shopsowitz, Audi Setiadi, Jefferson Terry, Anna F Lee, Britt I Drogemoller, Allison Matthews, Maja Tarailo-Graovac, Laura Sauve, Hana Mitchell, Julie S Prendiville, Julie L
Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a group of disorders caused by deleterious variants in immune-related genes, including some that function as epigenetic regulators. Additional sex combs-like 1 (ASXL1) is an epigenetic modifier that has not previously been linked to an IEI. Somatic ASXL1 variants are found in clonal hematopoiesis and hematologic neoplasms, while heterozygous germline variants cause
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Unveiling the autoreactome: Proteome-wide immunological fingerprints reveal the promise of plasma cell depleting therapy medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-12-20 Aaron Bodansky, David JL Yu, Alysa Rallistan, Muge Kalaycioglu, Jim Boonyaratanakornkit, Damian J Green, Jordan Gauthier, Cameron J Turtle, Kelsey Zorn, Brian O'Donovan, Caleigh Mandel-Brehm, James Asaki, Hannah Kortbawi, Andrew F Kung, Elze Rackaityte, Chung-Yu Wang, Aditi Saxena, Kimberly de Dios, Gianvito Masi, Richard J Nowak, Kevin C O'Connor, Hao Li, Valentina E Diaz, Kaitlin B Casaletto, Eva
The prevalence and burden of autoimmune and autoantibody mediated disease is increasing worldwide, yet most disease etiologies remain unclear. Despite numerous new targeted immunomodulatory therapies, comprehensive approaches to apply and evaluate the effects of these treatments longitudinally are lacking. Here, we leverage advances in programmable-phage immunoprecipitation (PhIP-Seq) methodology to
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Global associations of macronutrient supply and asthma disease burden medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Duan Ni, Alistair Senior, David Raubenheimer, Stephen Simpson, Laurence Macia, Ralph Nanan
Objectives Global age-standardized prevalence of asthma has decreased over time, in parallel with which, the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and nutritional landscapes also changed at a global level. Both socioeconomic status and nutritional factors are critical confounder for asthma, but most studies so far neglected to interrogate their correlations and interactions comprehensively. Hence
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SARS-CoV-2 Humoral Immune Responses in Convalescent Individuals Over 12 Months Reveal Severity-Dependent Antibody Dynamics medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Maisey Schuler, Nadia Siles, Cole Maguire, Dzifa Amengor, Annalee Nguyen, Rebecca Wilen, Jacob Rogers, Sam Bazzi, Blaine Caslin, Christopher DiPasquale, Melissa Abigania, Eric Olson, Janelle Creaturo, Kerin Hurley, Todd A. Triplett, Justin F. Rousseau, Stephen M. Strakowski, Dennis Wylie, Jennifer Maynard, Lauren I. R. Ehrlich, Esther Melamed
Abstract Background Understanding the kinetics and longevity of antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 is critical to informing strategies toward reducing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reinfections, and improving vaccination and therapy approaches. Methods We evaluated antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N), spike (S), and receptor binding domain (RBD) of spike in 98 convalescent participants
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Multi-Omic blood analysis reveals differences in innate inflammatory sensitivity between species medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-11-30 David J. Gregory, Feifei Han, Peng Li, Marina Gritsenko, Jennifer Kyle, Frank E. Riley, Deborah Chavez, Vania Yotova, Renata H.M. Sindeaux, Mohamed B. F. Hawash, Fengyun Xu, Li-Yuan Hung, Douglas L. Hayden, Ron G. Tompkins, Robert E. Lanford, Lester Kobzik, Judith Hellman, Jonathan M. Jacobs, Luis B. Barreiro, Wenzhong Xiao, H. Shaw Warren
Vertebrates differ greatly in responses to pro-inflammatory agonists such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), complicating use of animal models to study human sepsis or inflammatory disorders. We compared transcriptomes of resting and LPS-exposed blood from six LPS-sensitive species (rabbit, pig, sheep, cow, chimpanzee, human) and four LPS-resilient species (mice, rats, baboon, rhesus), as well
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Wastewater-Based Analysis of Antihistamines to Estimate Pollinosis Disease Burden at Population-Scale medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Stephan Baumgartner, Michelle Salvisberg, Bernard Clot, Benoît Crouzy, Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier, Heinz Singer, Christoph Ort
Background Pollinosis, commonly known as seasonal allergic rhinoconjuctivitis or hay fever, is the world’s most prevalent allergic disorder, posing substantial health and economic impacts. This study explores the application of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) to assess the population-scale burden of pollinosis by correlating antihistamine markers in wastewater with airborne pollen data.
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Neutrophil-fibroblast crosstalk drives immunofibrosis in Crohn’s disease through IFNα pathway medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Efstratios Gavriilidis, Georgios Divolis, Anastasia-Maria Natsi, Nikolaos Kafalis, Dionysios Kogias, Christina Antoniadou, Evgenia Synolaki, Evgenios Pavlos, Marianna A. Koutsi, Stylianos Didaskalou, Victoria Tsironidou, Ariana Gavriil, Vasileios Papadopoulos, Marios Agelopoulos, Dimitrios Tsilingiris, Maria Koffa, Alexandra Giatromanolaki, Georgios Kouklakis, Konstantinos Ritis, Panagiotis Skendros
This study investigated the interaction between neutrophils and intestinal fibroblasts in Crohn’s disease (CD) immunofibrosis. Peripheral neutrophils, enriched-neutrophil extracellular traps (eNETs), serum, primary intestinal fibroblasts (PIFs) and intestinal biopsies were studied. Neutrophils’ RNA-sequencing, multi-cytokine profiling and cell-based functional assays at mRNA/protein level were performed
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Causes of Autoimmune Psoriasis and Associated Cardiovascular Disease: Roles of Human Endogenous Retroviruses and Antihypertensive Drugs—A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-11-24 Aysa Rezabakhsh, Masoud H. Manjili, Hossein Hosseinifard, M. Reza Sadaie
Current treatments are ineffective to cure or prevent occurrences of autoimmune psoriasis and psoriatic cardiovascular disease/CVD. Psoriasis is associated with deregulated expressions of human endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) variants. ERV transcripts and proteins are detected in lesioned biopsies—without assembled viral particles—in addition to antibody and T-cell responses against ERV-K dUTPase. In
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Correlation between COVID-19 vaccination and inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Young Hwan Park, Min Ho Kim, Myeong Geun Choi, Eun Mi Chun
Importance Earlier research on COVID-19 vaccines identified a range of adverse reactions related to proinflammatory actions that can lead to an excessive immune response and sustained inflammation. However, no study has been conducted on the association between inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders and COVID-19 vaccines.
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Proteomics screening post pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation reveals an association between increased expression of inhibitory receptor FCRL6 on γδ T cells and CMV reactivation medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Adam Alexandersson, Mikko S Venäläinen, Nelli Heikkilä, Xiaobo Huang, Mervi Taskinen, Pasi Huttunen, Laura L Elo, Minna Koskenvuo, Eliisa Kekäläinen
Objective To study kinetics and associations between inflammation related proteins in circulation after pediatric allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to reveal proteomic signatures or individual soluble proteins associated with specific complications post HSCT.
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Early Urinary Markers of Kidney Injury in Adult People with Cystic Fibrosis Correlate with Neutrophil Activation and Lung Infection medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-11-11 Grace M. Rosner, Himanshu Ballav Goswami, Katherine Sessions, Lindsay K. Mendyka, Brenna Kerin, Irma Vlasac, Diane Mellinger, Lorraine Gwilt, Thomas H. Hampton, Martha Graber, Alix Ashare, William T. Harris, Brock Christensen, Agnieszka Swiatecka-Urban, Bruce A. Stanton, Sladjana Skopelja-Gardner
Background: Adult people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF) have a higher risk of end-stage kidney disease than the general population. The nature and mechanism of kidney disease in CF are unknown. This study quantifies urinary kidney injury markers and examines the hypothesis that neutrophil activation and lung infection are associated with early kidney injury in CF. Methods: Urinary total protein, albumin
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Prenatal exposure to environmental contaminants is associated with altered cord serum metabolite profiles in future immune-mediated diseases medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-11-11 Bagavathy Shanmugam Karthikeyan, Tuulia Hyotylainen, Tannaz Ghaffarzadegan, Eric Triplett, Matej Oresic, Johnny Ludvigsson
Prenatal exposure to environmental contaminants is a significant health concern because it has the potential to interfere with host metabolism, leading to adverse health effects in early childhood and later in life. Growing evidence suggests that genetic and environmental factors, as well as their interactions, play a significant role in the development of autoimmune diseases. In this study, we hypothesized
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A systematic investigation into the genetic and non-genetic factors underlying the human antiviral antibody repertoire medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Axel Olin, Anthony Jaquaniello, Ziyang Tan, Christian Pou, Florian Dubois, Bruno Charbit, Emma Bloch, Michael White, Maxime Rotival, Petter Brodin, Darragh Duffy, Etienne Patin, Lluis Quintana-Murci, Milieu Interieur Consortium
Immunoglobulins are among the most important anti-viral effectors of the human immune system. The biological mechanisms underlying antibody production and maintenance are relatively well understood. However, a broader model of how host intrinsic factors and external processes influence humoral responses to viral infections is lacking. Here, we investigate how age, sex, genetics, health-related habits
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Serum Antibody Fingerprinting for SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Infected and Vaccinated Subjects by Label-Free Microarray Biosensor medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Thomas Carzaniga, Luca Casiraghi, Giovanni Nava, Giuliano Zanchetta, Tommaso Inzani, Marcella Chiari, Valentina Bollati, Sara Epis, Claudio Bandi, Alessia Lai, Gianguglielmo Zehender, Tommaso Bellini, Marco Buscaglia
Both viral infection and vaccination affect the antibody repertoire of a person. Here we demonstrate that the analysis of serum antibodies carries information not only on the virus type that caused the infection, but also on the specific virus variant. We developed a rapid multiplex assay providing a fingerprint of serum antibodies against five different SARS-CoV-2 variants, based on a microarray of
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Safety and immunogenicity of COReNAPCIN®, a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine; a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1 clinical trial medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Mohammadreza Salehi, Ilad Alavi Darazam, Alireza Nematollahi, Masoumeh Alimohammadi, Sedigheh Pouya, Reza Alimohammadi, Nasim Khajavirad, Meysam Porgoo, Mosslim Sedghi, Mohammad Mahdi Sepahi, Maryam Azimi, Hamed Hosseini Hosseini, Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi, Somaye Dehghanizadeh, Vahid Khoddami
The repeated COVID-19 outbreaks, despite global vaccination, highlights the need for booster doses. Here, we present the outcomes, up until day 90 post vaccination, of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1 clinical trial of the mRNA-based vaccine candidate; COReNAPCIN®, as a booster dose in adults aged 18-50 who had previously received three doses of inactivated vaccines. In the study
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The Role of ACT Score in Mepolizumab Discontinuation medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Neha Solanki, Brittany Beck, Monica Labadia, Kevin Smith, Laura Peterson, Stephanie King, Sarah Micklewright, Emily Pennington, Sobia Farooq, Peng Zhang, Mark Aronica, Joe Zein, Sumita Khatri, Suzy Comhair, Serpil Erzurum
Background: Mepolizumab is a therapy for severe asthma. However, studies on mepolizumab with external validity and diverse population from the US are lacking. There is little knowledge of the characteristics of people that discontinue mepolizumab in clinical care Objective: To investigate the real world efficacy and time to clinical discontinuation of mepolizumab, we evaluated individuals with asthma
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Comprehending Atopic Risk Elements (CARE): An observational study to determine lifestyle, biophysical and environmental risk factors in the development of early-onset pediatric atopic dermatitis medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Michael Brandwein, Keren Gamrasni, Tamar Landau, Alex Levin, Tatiana Smolkin, Sofia Bauer-Rusek
Background: Atopic dermatitis and food allergies affect a growing swath of the population and there is consensus that their development is determined by a confluence of inherent and environmental factors. Of the numerous influences identified, a significant proportion of them are readily accessible from birth, thereby potentially opening a path for risk stratification from birth. The CARE study aims
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Immunological variables and tumor types influence one-year survival probability in cancer patients: A comprehensive analysis using logistic regression and decision tree models medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-10-26 Alvaro Lopez Malizia
The present study aimed to explore immunological variables associated with survival, TP53 gene expression, and primary diagnosis in patients with cancer. Based on these variables, logistic regression and decision tree models (lightGBM) were used to model the probability of one-year survival of patients following their initial diagnosis. Logistic regression revealed the significance of primary diagnosis
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Carrageenan-containing nasal spray alleviates allergic symptoms in subjects with grass pollen allergy: A randomized, controlled, crossover clinical trial medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-10-21 Nicole Unger-Manhart, Martina Morokutti-Kurz, Petra Zieglmayer, Patrick Lemell, Markus Savli, Rene Zieglmayer, Eva Prieschl-Grassauer
Purpose: Nonpharmacological nasal sprays forming a barrier between allergens and the nasal mucosa are used to manage symptoms of allergic rhinitis. We aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Callergin, a nasal spray containing barrier-forming iota-carrageenan, in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Methods: In this randomized, controlled, crossover trial, we assigned adults with grass pollen
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Influence of age, sex, body habitus, vaccine type and anti-S serostatus on cellular and humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Emma S Chambers, Weigang Cai, Giulia Vivaldi, David A Jolliffe, Natalia Perdek, Wenhao Li, Sian E Faustini, Joseph M Gibbons, Corinna Pade, Alex G Richter, Anna K Cousens, Adrian R Martineau
Vaccine development targeting SARS-CoV-2 in 2020 was of critical importance in reducing COVID-19 severity and mortality. In the U.K. during the initial roll-out most individuals either received two doses of Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2) or the adenovirus-based vaccine from Oxford/AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-nCoV-19). There are conflicting data as to the impact of age, sex and body habitus on cellular
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Genetic variants in UNC93B1 predispose to childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-10-16 Mahmoud Al-Azab, Elina Idiiatullina, Meng Lin, Katja Hrovat-Schaale, Huifang Xian, Jianheng Zhu, Mandy Yang, Bingtai Lu, Ziyang Liu, Zhiyao Zhou, Liu Yiyi, Jingjie Chang, Li Xiaotian, Caiqin Guo, Ping Zeng, Jun Cui, Xia Gao, Yang Zhang, Yuxia Zhang, Seth Lucian Masters
Rare genetic variants in TLR7 are known to cause lupus in humans and mice. UNC93B1 is a transmembrane protein that regulates TLR7 localisation into endosomes, however it has only been genetically linked to lupus in mice and dogs. We now identify a novel variant in UNC93B1 (T314A) located proximally to the TLR7 transmembrane domain, in a patient with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
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FCGR2A-131H/H is under-represented amongst patients with primary immunodeficiencies medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-10-13 Edward W D Flewitt, James E.G. Charlesworth, Smita Y Patel, Chantal E Hargreaves
The Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) act as modulators of the immune system and have previously been shown to play a role in immune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus and immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Thus far, their role in primary immunodeficiencies (PID), including common variable immunodeficiency disorders (CVID), has not been studied. In this paper we explored whether there is an association
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Suppressed IgG4 class switching in dupilumab- and TNF inhibitor-treated patients after repeated SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-10-02 Anika M. Valk, Jim B.D. Keijser, Koos van Dam, Eileen Stalman, Luuk Wieske, Maurice Steenhuis, Laura Y.L. Kummer, Phyllis I. Spuls, Marcel W. Bekkenk, Annelie H. Musters, Nicoline F. Post, Angela L. Bosma, Barbara Horvath, DirkJan Hijnen, Corine R.G. Schreurs, Zoe van Kempen, Joep Killestein, Adriaan G. Volkers, Sander Tas, Laura Boekel, Gertjan Wolbink, Sofie Keijzer, Ninotska Derksen, Melanie van
Background Repeated mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to induce class switching to IgG4, a non-inflammatory human antibody subclass linked to tolerance. Although poorly understood, prolonged antigenic stimulation and IL-4 signalling may be instrumental in IgG4 switching. We and others have previously shown that widely used immunosuppressive drugs such as methotrexate (MTX) and TNF
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Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Free IgE Concentration in Allergic Rhinitis Patients Treated with Allergen Immunotherapy and Omalizumab medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-10-02 Kazeem B. Olanrewaju, Laura Marthe Emilie Ngansop Djampou
Free immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration is a key biomarker for allergic diseases. Prediction of free IgE concentration can help clinicians diagnose and monitor allergic diseases more effectively. In this study, we used machine learning to predict free IgE concentration in the blood serum of patients with allergic rhinitis who received allergen immunotherapy co-administered with omalizumab. The predictors
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Comparison of immunity induced by Omicron breakthrough infection versus monovalent SARS-CoV-2 intramuscular booster reveals differences in mucosal and systemic antibody responses medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-09-29 Sabryna Nantel, Salma Sheikh-Mohamed, Gary Y. C. Chao, Alexandra Kurtesi, Queenie Hu, Heidi Wood, Karen Colwill, Zhijie Li, Ying Liu, Laurie Seifried, Benoîte Bourdin, Allison McGeer, William R. Hardy, Olga L. Rojas, Mario A. Ostrowski, Mark A. Brockman, Ciriaco A. Piccirillo, Caroline Quach, James M. Rini, Anne-Claude Gingras, Hélène Decaluwe, Jennifer L. Gommerman
Our understanding of the quality of cellular and humoral immunity conferred by COVID-19 vaccination alone versus vaccination plus SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough (BT) infection remains incomplete. While the current (2023) SARS-CoV-2 immune landscape of Canadians is complex, in late 2021 most Canadians had either just received a third dose of COVID-19 vaccine, or had received their two dose primary series and
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Prebiotic Supplements Correct Oral Probiotic Deficiency for Lasting Allergy Relief medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-09-28 Cliff Han
Allergic rhinitis has increased in the last fifty years from affecting less than a percent to more than twenty-six percent of the population. Today, more than one hundred million people in the US suffer from these seasonal or yearlong allergies. The hygiene hypothesis was proposed 30 years ago as a potential explanation for this phenomenon, and we built on that with the specific oral hygiene hypothesis
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Causal Inference for Estimation of Vaccine Effects from Time-to-Event Data medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Zhouxuan Li, Kai Zhang, Yashar Talebi, Hulin Wu, Wenyaw Chan, Eric Boerwinkle, Momiao Xiong
Vaccine is the most efficient method for controlling of infectious disease. Vaccine effectiveness estimation is extremely important in monitoring vaccine efficacy and controlling disease spreading. To study about the COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness from EHR data, we apply the counterfactual reasoning method with deep neural network for vaccine effectiveness estimation from the time-to-event data which
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Could Anti-Retroviral Treatment Affect the Profile of Hepatitis B Vaccine Specific Antibody in Vertically HIV-Infected Children? medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Thibau Flaurant Tchouangueu, Laure Brigitte Mabeku Kouitcheu, Abel Lissom, Salomon Bonsi Tchuandom, Jules Tchadji, Carole S Sake, Georgia Ndzengue Ambada, Loveline L Ngu, Herve F Ouambo, Charles O. Esimone, Chae Gyu Park, Alain Waffo Bopda, Godwin Nchinda
Paediatric immunisation had been relevant in reducing the widespread of Hepatitis B virus, as an outcome of the induction of hepatitis B surface antigen specific-IgG antibodies (anti-HBs). Studies revealed alteration effects of memory B cells during antiretroviral therapy (ART). We aimed at assessing anti-HBs response profile with respect to the most prominently used ART regimens in children. A cross-sectional
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Progressive accumulation of hyperinflammatory NKG2Dlow NK cells in early childhood severe atopic dermatitis medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-09-05 David E Ochayon, Stanley B DeVore, Wan-Chi Chang, Durga Krishnamurthy, Harsha Seelamneni, Brittany Grashel, Daniel Spagna, Sandra Andorf, Lisa J Martin, Jocelyn M Biagini, Stephen Waggoner, Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that often precedes the development of food allergy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis. The prevailing paradigm holds that a reduced frequency and function of natural killer (NK) cell contributes to AD pathogenesis, yet the underlying mechanisms and contributions of NK cells to allergic co-morbidities remain ill-defined. Herein, analysis of
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Changes in pro inflammatory and regulatory immune responses during controlled human schistosome infection and the development of clinical symptoms medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-09-04 Emma L Houlder, Koen A Stam, Jan Pieter R Koopman, Marion H König, Marijke C.C. Langenberg, Marie-Astrid Hoogerwerf, Paula Niewold, Friederike Sonnet, Jacqueline J Janse, Miriam Casacuberta Partal, Jeroen C Sijtsma, Laura H. M. de Bes-Roeleveld, Yvonne C.M. Kruize, Maria Yazdanbakhsh, Meta Roestenberg
Schistosomiasis is a prevalent helminthiasis, affecting over 230 million people worldwide, with varied, stage specific morbidity. Whilst the Th2 and regulatory immune responses in chronic infection have been relatively well studied, we have little understanding of human immune responses during acute infection. This is despite the initial infective stages being proposed as crucial targets for much-needed
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COVID-19 vaccines and autoimmune disorders: A scoping review protocol medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-09-04 Claudia Chaufan, Laurie Manwell, Camila Heredia, Jennifer McDonald
Background - Two years into the global vaccination program, important questions about the association between COVID-19 vaccines and autoimmune diseases have arisen. A growing number of reports have documented associations between COVID-19 vaccination and autoimmunity, suggesting, for example, a causal link between vaccination and new-onset and/or relapsing autoimmune disorders such as type 1 diabetes
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Maternal obesity shapes the B lymphocyte and antibody repertoires of human colostrum medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-09-02 Erick Saul Sanchez-Salguero, Diana Priscilla Bonilla-Ruelas, Mario Rene Alcorta-Garcia, Victor Javier Lara-Diaz, Claudia Nohemi Lopez-Villasenor, Marion E. G. Brunck
The prevalence of obesity is rapidly increasing worldwide and its impact on future generations must be assessed. We recently showed that colostrum from mothers with obesity contained a significantly reduced B lymphocytes (CD19+) fraction. Here, in a subsequent transversal cohort study of 48 mothers, we exhaustively characterize the B lymphocytes subsets present in peripheral blood and colostrum from
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Observational Study of Repeat Immunoadsorption (RIA) in Post-COVID ME/CFS Patients with Elevated Beta-2-Adrenergic Receptor Autoantibodies medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Elisa Stein, Cornelia Heindrich, Kirsten Wittke, Claudia Kedor, Laura Kim, Helma Freitag, Anne Krueger, Markus Toelle, Carmen Scheibenbogen
There is increasing evidence for an autoimmune aetiology in post-infectious Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). SARS-CoV-2 has now become the main trigger for ME/CFS. We have already conducted two small proof-of-concept studies of IgG depletion by immunoadsorption (IA) in post-infectious ME/CFS, which showed efficacy in most patients. This observational study aims to evaluate
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Reply to Dages, et al. You AIn't using it right: Artificial intelligence progress in allergy. medRxiv. Allergy Immunol. Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Dylan Lawless
We present our playful yet serious response to Dages et al.'s letter on AI limitations in allergy, specifically the AI model, ChatGPT. Our lighthearted title, "You AIn't using it right: Artificial intelligence progress in allergy," belies our intent to show how AI tools can be used differently to yield reliable, factual information that can enhance the field of medical sciences. We demonstrate by using