BACKGROUND Plants produce thousands of chemically diverse secondary metabolites, many of which have valuable pharmaceutical properties. There is much interest in the synthesis of these pharmaceutically-valuable compounds, including the key enzymes and the transcription factors involved. The function and regulatory mechanism of transcription factors in biotic and abiotic stresses have been studied in

With the emergence and evolution of bacterial strains, it is now becoming difficult for pharmaceutical industries to provide the remedies required for the betterment of mankind. Continuous exposure with available medication leads to development of new strains with a significant amount of resistance, due to which pharmaceutical industries are facing various challenges. Antimicrobial resistance is the

BACKGROUND Streptomyces sp. produces various antibiotic agents and the number of lead molecules from the genus Streptomyces increased rapidly in recent years. Drug resistance against various commercially available antibiotics is one of the important problems throughout the world. Streptomyces produce various antimicrobials with potent activity against drug resistant bacteria. METHODS Streptomyces sp

BACKGROUND Salinomycin, an ionophore antibiotic, has a strong anti-cancer effect, inducing the apoptosis of cancer cells and cancer stem cells. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess the influence of salinomycin on the expression profile of genes related to stemness and miRNA regulating their expression in endometrial cancer cells. METHODS Endometrial cancer cells of cell line Ishikawa were exposed

BACKGROUND Taxus is a valuable woody species with important medicinal value. The bark of Taxus can produce taxol, a natural antineoplastic drug that is widely used in the treatment of breast, ovarian and lung cancers. However, the low content of taxol in the bark of Taxus can not meet the growing clinical demands, so the current research is on finding ways to increase taxol production. OBJECTIVE In

Gene therapy has been a long-lasting goal of scientists and there are many ideal methods and tools that have been developed to correct disease-causing mutations in human. Recently, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) technology has been progressively used for the assessment or treatment of human diseases, including Thalassemia, Parkinson disease, Cystic Fibrosis, Glaucoma

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Drug design strategies to develop novel broad-spectrum antibacterial agents for the treatment of respiratory tract infections that can combat bacterial resistance are currently gaining momentum. 2,4- thiazolidinedione is a structural scaffold that contains pharmacophores similar to β-lactam and non- β-lactam antibiotics. The objective of the study was to synthesize newer 3

BACKGROUND Developmental ethanol (EtOH) exposure can cause lifelong behavioral hyperactivity, cognitive deficits, emotional dysregulation, and more. However, co- treatment with lithium (Li) on the day of EtOH exposure prevents many of the impairments. METHODS Experimental groups of pregnant mice were exposed to EtOH (20% v/v solution at a dose of 2.5 g/kg) in their drinking water and the animals were

BACKGROUND Secondary metabolites of plants, the poly phenols, play vital role in protection from many health problems in human beings. Structurally favored phytochemicals may be studied to protect multi organ injury. At pharmacological doses, gallic acid is nontoxic to mammals and is generally absorbed in the intestine. AIMS In this present study, gallic acid was evaluated for its protective efficacy

BACKGROUND The anticancer effects of Phyllanthus amarus extract on various cancer cells have been investigated, however, effect of its major constituents on HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells has not been reported. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxic effect of 80% ethanol extract of P. amarus and its marker constituents (phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, gallic acid, niranthin

BACKGROUND Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is a lifesaving clinical care process. However, undetected hazards and vulnerabilities in care transitions from hospital to community care may pose risk to patient safety. Avoidable complications and adverse events may hinder the benefits of treatment. OBJECTIVE The analysis carried out aims at framing through human factors and ergonomics (HF/E) the critical

BACKGROUND With the improvements in living standards, height is getting more attention. Malnutrition is one of the main causes of children's short stature, therefore nutritional intervention in adolescence is the key to prevent short stature. The peptides from Antarctic krill (AKPs), the ideal protein model, act in bone formation and anti-osteoporosis. However, the studies on promoting longitudinal

BACKGROUND Icariin has been shown to enhance bone formation. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate whether icariin also promotes bone fracture healing and its mechanisms. METHODS First, we isolated and cultured rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs) with icariin-containing serum at various concentrations (0%, 2.5%, 5% and 10%) and then measured alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the

BACKGROUND The re-emerging of targeting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) in cancer treatment particularly acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) have corroborated the substantial role of DHODH in cancer and fascinated the attention of many pharmaceutical industries. OBJECTIVE The effects brequinar sodium (BQR) and 4SC-101 in lymphoblastoid cell lines were investigated. METHOD DHODH expression and cell

BACKGROUND Atopic Dermatitis is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases , with an estimated prevalence of 2.1-4.9% in adults. Recently, advances in Atopic Dermatitis understanding have highlighted the role of an inappropriate Th2 cells activation as principally involved in its pathogenesis. Other immune pathways seem to play a key role in the complex Atopic Dermatitis pathophysiology. The

BACKGROUND Bacteriocins (Bac1, Bac2, and Bac3) from Weissella confusa MBF8-1, weissellicin-MBF, have been reported as potential alternative substances as well as complements to the existing antibiotics against many antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. Previously, the genes encoded in the large plasmid, pWcMBF8-1, and the spermicidal activity of their synthetic peptides, have been studied in originally

OBJECTIVES Lectin-like adhesins of enteric bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli are an attractive target for vaccine or drug development. Here, we have developed e-Membranome as a database of genome-wide putative adhesins in Escherichia coli (E. coli). METHODS The outer membrane adhesins were predicted from the annotated genes of Escherichia coli strains using the PSORTb program. Further analysis

BACKGROUND Oleamide is an essential substance for human health. So, the plants with high oleamide content are great sources for health care products. OBJECTIVE This study is conducted to investigate the quality of oleamide in plants and test the bioactivity in the selected two studied species. METHODS The three Ipomoea and five Dillenia species including Ipomoea alba, Ipomoea aquatica and Ipomoea pes-caprae

BACKGROUND Intracanal disinfection is a critical, yet challenging goal for the long-term success in regenerative-based treatments. This in-vitro study aimed to assess the release profile of triple antibiotic-eluting injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF) constructs in 28 days. METHODS I-PRF scaffolds containing triple antibiotic mixture [metronidazole (MET), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and minocycline (MINO)]

Chitin stands at second, after cellulose, as the most abundant polysaccharide in the world. Chitin is found naturally in marine environments as it is a crucial structural component of various marine organisms.Different amounts of waste chitin and chitosan can be discovered in the environment. Chitinase producing microbes help to hydrolyze chitin waste to play an essential function for the removal of

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore the inhibitory effect of baicalin on myocardial apoptosis induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). METHODS Sprague Dawley rats heart and myocardial cells I/R model were established in vivo and vitro, then 100 mg/kg and 10 μmol/l baicalin was administrated, respectively. The experiment was randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10): Control; I/R; IR+DMEM; and

BACKGROUND Zika virus is an emerging arbovirus of global importance. ZIKV infection is associated with a range of neurological complications such as the Congenital Zika Syndrome and Guillain Barré Syndrome. Despite the magnitude of recent outbreaks, there is no specific therapy to prevent or to alleviate disease pathology. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of P-MAPA immunomodulator in Zika-infected

BACKGROUND The administration of many pharmaceutical active ingredients is often performed by the injection of an aqueous-based solution, numerous active ingredients are however, insoluble in water, which complicates their administration and restricts their efficacy. OBJECTIVE The current solutions are hindered by both a time-consuming manufacturing process and are not suitable for hydrophilic and

Legalization of Cannabis in countries like Canada and global demand for non-hallucinating chemical components such as cannabidiols have stimulated the increased interest from academics, industry and regulatory agencies. Subsequent research publication in scientific journals in this field is expected to grow rapidly. However, there have been few research reviews that have quantified patterns in research

BACKGROUND Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), play significant regulatory roles in plant development and secondary metabolism and are involved in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses. They have been intensively studied in model systems and crops for approximately two decades and massive amount of information

INTRODUCTION Resistance to corticosteroid is an essential mechanism in uncontrolled asthma as the corticosteroid is the mainstay of therapy. There are recent reports that epigenetic factors play a crucial role in the regulation of steroid action. Overexpression of P glycoprotein (P-gp) and reduce expression of Histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) has been linked to regulating the steroid action in other diseases

The molecular etiology of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder, has become increasingly complex as not only mutations in the ABCC6 but also ENPP1 and GGCX can cause resembling phenotypes. To get insights common pathway, the overlapping metabolites for these three proteins were predicted through 3D homology modeling and virtual screening. 3D homology models

BACKGROUND Several studies have shown that plant saponins promoted osteoblast differentiation and improved osteoporosis. In current study, sea cucumber saponins (SCS) with a purity of 80% was extracted from Filipino sea cucumber, with a similar structure to plant saponins. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the effects of SCS on bone formation in vitro and ex vivo. RESULTS SCS significantly promoted

PURPOSE The work was performed to investigate the feasibility of preparing ocular inserts loaded with Poly- ε - Caprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles as sustained ocular delivery system. METHOD First, Atorvastatin Calcium-Poly- ε -Caprolactone (ATC-PCL) nanoparticles were prepared and characterized. Then the optimized nanoparticles were loaded within inserts formulated with methylcellulose (MC) and polyvinyl

BACKGROUND NN-32 toxin which was obtained from Naja naja venom and showed cytotoxicity on cancer cell lines. As the toxicity of NN-32 is the main hurdle in the process of drug development; hence, we have conjugated NN-32 toxin with gold nanoparticles (GNP-NN-32) in order to decrease the toxicity of NN-32 without reducing its efficacy, GNP-NN-32alleviated the toxicity of NN-32 in invitro studies during

Medicinal plants are rich sources of natural bioactive compounds used to treat many diseases. With the development of the health industry, the market demands for Chinese medicine have increased rapidly in recent years. However, over-utilization of herbal plants would cause serious ecological problems. Therefore, an effective approach should be developed to produce the pharmaceutically important natural

BACKGROUND In recent decades functional foods with ingredients comprise of probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics have been gaining a lot of notice by scientists. Probiotics and postbiotics are usually applied in pharmaceutical formulations and/or commercial food-based products. These bioactive agents can be associated with host eukaryotic cells and have a key role in maintaining and restoring host

BACKGROUND Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is a chronic inflammatory disease with a huge impact on a person's quality of life. A correct therapy is required for relieving symptoms, reversing signs and preventing further anatomical changes. OBJECTIVE The main objective of the present paper is to provide suggestions for the best treatment approach, based on the available evidence. Treatment strategies

Heart dysfunctions are the major complications of trastuzumab in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive breast cancers. In this study, the cytotoxicity of trastuzumab on H9c2 cardiomyoblasts was demonstrated, and the proteome changes of cells were investigated by a tandem mass tagging quantitative approach. The differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified

BACKGROUND In recent decades, there has been a very rapid increase in the prevalence of diabetes globally, with serious health and economic implications. Although today there are several therapeutic treatments for this disease, these do not address the causes of the disease and have serious side effects, so it is necessary to seek new treatments to replace or complement existing ones. Among these complementary

BACKGROUND Semaphorin 3B (SEMA3B) is characterized as a strong suppressing factor of the proliferation of cancerous cells and also by its anti-angiogenic effect. However, the knowledge on the changes in the expression profile of SEMA3B under the influence of cisplatin in endometrial cancer remains fragmented. The aim of this work was to note the changes in expression of SEMA3B when under the influence

BACKGROUND Apoptosis could take place in the pathway dependent on death receptors or pathways dependent on mitochondria. In both, a key role is played by enzymes with protease activity, known as caspases. AIM The aim of this study was to assess the variances in the expression pattern of caspase-dependent signaling pathways in the endometrial cancer cell line when treated with salinomycin. Additionally

BACKGROUND Salinomycin is part of a group of ionophore antibiotics characterized by an activity towards tumor cells. To this day, the mechanism through which salinomycin induces their apoptosis is not fully known yet. The goal of this study was to assess the expression pattern of genes and the proteins coded by them connected with the process of programmed cell death in an endometrial cancer cell Ishikawa

BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in the world. Traditional cancer therapies prolong life expectancy of patients but often suffer from adverse reactions. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been recommended as a treatment option for lung cancer in several countries, due to its non-invasive procedures, high selectivity and weak side effects. OBJECTIVE We have designed

Floral has diversity and unique nature due to the complex structure and component. Alpinia is an important genus of the Zingiberaceae family having complex taxonomical diversity. The presence of many unique bioactive molecules makes this genus, a pharmaceutically important genus. They provide wide ranges of medicinal properties including traditional remedies to modern therapeutic applications. Extracts

BACKGROUND A lowered concentration of adiponectin is viewed as an independent factor of the risk of inducing endometrial cancer. Cisplatin is a drug used in therapy of this type of neoplasm. However, knowledge on the effects of cisplatin on the adiponectin level is still limited. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to asses the impact of cisplatin depending on the concentration and time of exposition

BACKGROUND The promising properties of zinc phosphate (ZnP) nanoparticles (NPs) have made them come into prominence as one of the most favorable catalysts in various industries with ever-increasing applications. Among several proposed synthetic methods, biological methods have mostly been desired for their sheer person-environment compatibility in comparison with those of chemical and physical ones

BACKGROUND Fish is an essential source of nutrients for human nutrition due to the composition of proteins, vitamins, minerals, among other nutrients. Enzymatic hydrolysis represents an alternative for the use of by-products of the aquaculture industry. OBJECTIVE We propose to evaluate the effect of stirring speed, temperature, and initial protein concentration on the degree of hydrolysis of proteins

BACKGROUND Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, recurrent and disabling inflammatory skin condition, clinically characterized by nodules, bullae, abscesses, fistulae, and draining sinus tracts mainly located in axillae, inguinal folds, inframammary region and buttocks, often leading to pain, scarring, disfigurement and decreased quality of life. Due to its complex nature, with still no completely

Lichens are emerging as a promising natural source of bioactivities of pharmaceutical interest. The present study aims to contribute to the knowledge of the lichen Umbilicaria muhlenbergii as a potential source of pharmaceutically relevant anticancer and antibiotic lichen chemicals. The crude acetone extract of U. muhlenbergii exhibited 13.3 μg mL-1 cytotoxic activity (EC50) against breast cancer cells

Neutrophilic dermatoses are a heterogeneous group of inflammatory skin disorders characterized by the presence of a sterile, predominantly neutrophilic infiltrate on histopathology. Universally accepted and validated guidelines for the management of neutrophilic dermatoses do not exist, also given the paucity of randomized controlled study and high-quality data. However, the literature on the effective