Abstract—The physicochemical characteristics of erythrocyte membranes from the peripheral whole blood of rats and the erythrocytes washed with physiological solution, using the method of acid hemolysis, under diabetes mellitus conditions and against the therapy based on low-intensity blue light emission in the visible light range have been studied. The use of low-intensity light therapy (LILT) led

Abstract—Two Meyerozyma (Candida, Pichia) guilliermondii genes coding for homologs of transcriptional factor Sef1p of Candida famata and Tup1p of Candida albicans were identified, cloned, and deleted. Deletion of a homologue of Sef1p transcriptional factor in M.(P.) guilliermondii completely blocked over-synthesis of riboflavin under conditions of iron deficiency. The results of genetic complementation

Abstract—In recent years, the demand for technical ethanol has increased due to its use in the transport sector. Xylose is the major five-carbon sugar obtained as a result of lignocellulose hydrolysis; however, the industrial producer of alcohol S. cerevisiae yeast ferments exclusively hexoses. Based on a recombinant strain capable of xylose metabolism, the derivatives with increased expression of

Abstract—DNA methylation has become an essential molecular approach to regulate gene expression through the regulation of methyl group addition/removal at the 5th position of Cytosine. The T1 progeny of T0 transgenic wheat plants were used to study the transgeneration methylation of promoter proximal regions of two exogenous promoters using bisulfite sequencing. The progeny of low and high T0 IFS expressers

Abstract—Oxidative stress is among the main causes of developing severe complications in diabetes mellitus (DM). Existing pharmaceuticals, although efficient in reducing the blood glucose level, infrequently demonstrate antioxidant properties. On the other hand, there are many reliable reports about a broad range of biological activity exhibited by photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT). Its potential sugar-lowering

Abstract—Camelina or false flax (Camelina sativa) is one of the most promising oilseed crops as a feedstock for biofuel production. It is thought that this species originated in the Eastern European region, where this species emerged due to polyploidization or crossing between wild representatives of the Camelina genus. As a result, camelina is characterized by a low level of genetic diversity, which

Abstract—The investigation of the mechanisms of cytosolic protein degradation is of great fundamental and applied importance. The decrease in the specific activity of formaldehyde dehydrogenase (Fldh1) and formate dehydrogenase (Fdh1) in the wild type strain GS200, the strain with the deletion of the GSS1 hexose sensor gene, and the strain that is defective in autophagy pathway SMD1163 of K. phaffii

Abstract—The present study aimed to study the Karyomorphological analysis of seven species of Passiflora (P. edulis, P. foetida, P. subpeltata, P. quadraqularis, P. ligularis, P. leschenaultii, and P. tripartitia). The species are exhibited the diploid status with difference in chromosome number, i.e., P. edulis f. flavicarpa (2n = 18), P. foetida var. foetida (2n = 20), P. subpeltata (2n = 18), P

Abstract—Current experiment was conducted on existing cotton varieties against Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV) and whitefly infection. The objective of this study was to determine the difference in leaf epicuticular wax load and composition of CLCuV resistant and susceptible cotton varieties. Settling behaviour of whitefly in previous studies showed more whitefly population on CLCuV susceptible whereas

Abstract—The use of novel carriers for gene delivery has been rapidly growing; thus, investigation of potential phytotoxic and mutagenic action of gene delivery carriers is important for preventing their negative side effects. We found that poly-DMAEMA carriers used in a 0.0025% dose exhibited a weak cytotoxic effect towards Allium cepa plants. In a higher dose (0.025%), they slightly (by 26–55%) increased

Abstract—Ethanol is one of the most important biotechnological compounds widely used in medicine, pharmacology, food and fuel, cosmetology, and other fields. The main method for ethanol production is alcoholic fermentation using baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. S. cerevisiae converts glucose into ethanol very efficiently: ethanol yield is more than 90% of the theoretical maximum. However, even

Abstract—Prostate cancer (PCa) is a very common type of cancer among men. It was revealed that Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) genes had important functions such as development of prostate cells or regulating the inflammatory processes. The important role of cytokines in inflammatory mechanisms leads to the possibility that polymorphisms of these genes may contribute

Abstract—Riboflavin or vitamin B2 is a necessary component for all living organisms since it is the precursor of flavin coenzymes FMN (flavin mononucleotide) and FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide), which are involved in numerous enzymatic reactions. Flavinogenic yeast Candida famata overproduces riboflavin under iron starvation; however, regulation of this process is poorly understood. Regulatory gene

Abstract—Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is an important component of the diet of living organisms since it is a precursor of flavin coenzymes FMN (flavin mononucleotide) and FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) involved in numerous enzymatic reactions. It is known that flavinogenic yeast C. famata is able to perform riboflavin overproduction under conditions of iron deficiency, but the regulation of this process

AbstractThe aims of this study were to determine the expression of Bcl-2 in endometrial adenocarcinomas in imprint smears as an alternative technique rather than the frozen section and to correlate the results with clinicopathologic parameters of primary untreated endometrial cancer patients. One hundred twenty-six patients with endometrial carcinoma were evaluated with samples freshly resected after

AbstractExpression of the Col2a1 gene involved in collagen synthesis in the blood and esophageal mucus was shown to be reduced in alkaline esophageal burns of the second degree (AEB 2). When melanin was administered, Col2a1 gene expression levels in the blood and esophageal tissues were increased as compared to those in AEB 2. During the histological study, the intensity of deposition of collagen fibers

AbstractNeurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is an autosomal dominant disorder provoking benign cutaneous and nerve sheath tumors. The cutaneous tumors termed as plexiform neurofibromas, which some of them are extremely visible, and can influence the quality of life. They can also develop into invasive forms of carcinomas and infiltrate into multiple tissues, thus endangering the patient’s life. The loss-of-function

AbstractTo clarify a possible role of jasmonate signaling in regulation of the state of stomata under salt stress, the effect of the treatment of Arabidopsis thaliana L. plant leaves (wild type and mutants deficient in jasmonate signaling) with sodium chloride (50–200 mM) and/or methyl jasmonate (200 μM) was studied. A 2–3-h effect of NaCl induced stomatal closure in wild-type plants (Col-0). The most

AbstractAllele frequencies at the storage protein loci Gli-A1, Gli-B1, Gli-D1, Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1, and Gli-A3, as well as the population structure, were studied in groups of winter common wheat cultivars developed in different periods of time in two soil and climate zones: the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (at the Myronivka Remeslo Institute of Wheat (MIW)) and the Steppe of Ukraine (at the Plant Breeding

AbstractAn optimized regeneration method for commercial winter rape of the Bn1 line was proposed. Hypocotyl fragments of 6-day-old seedlings were used as explants. Regeneration occurred via organogenesis on an MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine and 2 mg/L of 2-isopentyladenine. All obtained regenerated plants successfully formed roots on hormone-free media and were adapted to

AbstractWilson’s disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive condition caused by an impaired copper metabolism due to hereditary mutations in the ATP7B gene; the spectrum and frequency of mutations are considerably different in different populations. The goal of the study was to determine the most frequent mutations in the ATP7B gene in patients from Ukraine for the introduction of genetic testing into

AbstractStudies devoted to the problem of chondrogenesis process regulation and cartilage tissue cellular engineering remain at present topical problems, taking into account the increase in the prevalence of osteodegenerative orthopedic diseases. We analyzed the data available in the literature on studies of molecular changes of cartilage tissue in osteoarthritis (OA). The key words were used to search

AbstractYeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) genes for trehalose biosynthesis (TPS1 and TPS2) were transferred into genomes of several common wheat cultivars using two methods of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (in vitro and in planta) to enhance drought tolerance. For this purpose, vectors pBract214-TPS1 and pBract214-TPS2 were constructed using the Gateway-cloning technique. Both the vectors contained

AbstractAlthough the specific causes of colorectal cancer (CRC) are not known, a robust DNA repair capacity may decrease the risk of this malignancy. DNA repair capacity may be reduced by alterations of genes involved in DNA repair process. This may affect susceptibility to carcinogenesis. It is hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of several DNA repair genes may be a risk factor

AbstractEighteen isotypes of CK1-like protein kinases were identified in A. thaliana. Comparison of catalytic domains in rat CK1 (α, β, γ1–3, δ, and ε) and 18 plant homologs from A. thaliana confirmed a high structural similarity for 13 CK1-like protein kinases: CKL1 (CK1δ), CKL2, CKL3, CKL4, CKL5, CKL6, CKL7, CKL8, CKL9, CKL10, CKL11, CKL12, and CKL13. It was found that CK1-specific inhibitor D4476

AbstractFestuca species have been used for forage, turf, soil conservation and ornamental purpose, which highlighted the importance of these species. This study was conducted to determine genetic variability among the 48 accessions of fine-leaved fescue from different regions of Iran using ISSR markers. To understand genetic relationships among these accessions, unweight pair-group method (UPGMA) were

AbstractIdentification and molecular analysis of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) of wild emmer wheat T. dicoccoides K5199 were carried out. Novel HMW glutenin subunits 1AxTd and 1ByTd were identified. Nucleotide sequences of 1AxTd and 1ByTd genes were detected (GenBank accession numbers MH475136 and MG897125, respectively). The coding sequence of 1AxTd was similar to 1Ax1 of T. aestivum

AbstractNumerous recent studies in experimental oncology have shown that the results of fundamental research at the current methodological level can serve as a sound basis for use in clinical practice. The aims of the present work were to assess the inhibitory effect of exogenous lactoferrin (LF) at doses of 1 and 10 mg/kg animal weight on the Walker-256 carcinosarcoma in vivo and the safety of its

AbstractPresent study analyze the possible mutations in mitochondrial encoded genes TRNL1 and ND1, the association of mtDNA copy number in PCOS women with and without diabetic mothers was evaluated. Blood samples were collected from all the individual participants of study and detailed anthropometric and demographic variables were collected. Sequence of each amplified product of RNA gene TRNL1 was

AbstractThe level of total heterochromatin, Ag-positive nucleolar organiser regions (NORs) heterochromatin, non-associated and associated heterochromatin satellite stalks of acrocentric chromatids (some acrocentric chromosomal chromatid satellite stalks are connected to each other forming a satellite association), the intensity of each acrocentric chromatid involved in the association and types of

AbstractA correlation of the sensitivity to infection with phytopathogens and dynamics of its development with a difference in the plant epigenome, which is estimated by DNA methylation profiles, was studied on two varieties of winter wheat (Podolyanka and Favoritka) of the 2013–2017 harvests. It was demonstrated that fast-germinated seedlings of the Podolyanka variety wheat show a high disease resistance

AbstractThe human lactoferrin gene was transferred into genomes of several potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivars of Ukrainian breeding using the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The plasmid vector pBIN35LF carrying the human lactoferrin gene hLf controlled by the 35S cauliflower mosaic virus promoter (CaMV35S) and the octopine synthase terminator, as well as the selective marker neomycin phosphotransferase

AbstractDNA methylation is one epigenetic strategy for gene regulation in living organisms. In this study, the expression of soybean isoflavone synthase (GmIFS) transgene in T0 transgenic wheat plants was investigated at the RNA and the final product genestin level. T0 plants showed variations in the GmIFS expression. Methylation status of the exogenous promoters (35S or Oleocin (OL)) proximal sequence

AbstractIn recent years, the aim of dairy cattle breeding was to increase milk productivity traits. However, there is an observed decrease of fertility traits of cows, and, as a result, early culling of animals. This is due to the fact that causes of decreased reproduction are sometimes impossible to determine and its signs are difficult to estimate. One of the causes for decreasing fertility of cows

AbstractCurrently, the molecular characteristics of the occurrence and course of neurodegenerative diseases, which are among the most serious and still incurable illnesses, remain to be fully elucidated. Therefore, the search for novel medicines for the removal, relief, or postponement of symptoms in these pathologies remains relevant. In view of the complexity of undertaking this research in human

AbstractThe endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia are widespread in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster, which is a cosmopolitan and synanthropic species. Various aspects of Wolbachia infection are studied in many arthropod species, including fruit flies. However, the influence of climatic factors on the level of Wolbachia infection in natural populations of fruit flies has not been studied in

AbstractA comparative study of the allele pool and the genetic structure of two Russian and one Belarusian populations of the wisent Bison bonasus against the representatives of the species of Bison bison and the genus Bos taurus was carried out. Russian populations were represented by samples of the Oka State Natural Biosphere Reserve (n = 42) and the Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Biosphere Reserve (n

AbstractThe Mi gene is known to involve in the resistance response to some Root knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. in tomato plants Lycopersicon esculentum. Root knot nematodes cause significant damages to almost all crops in the world. Among Meloidogyne species, Meloidogyne incognita is one of the most damages species causing a vast amount of crop loss including tomato plants. The resistance gene may

AbstractThe JIN1/MYC2 transcription factor, which is currently considered to be the key in jasmonate signaling, is also involved in the transduction of abscisic acid signals and, probably, in the effects of other intermediaries involved in the formation of plants’ adaptive responses. Arabidopsisjin1 mutants were used to study its possible involvement in protective effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S)

AbstractThe objective of the investigation was to study variation of storage proteins in two Crimean populations of Dasypyrum villosum from Beregove of the Bakhchisarai region and from the Tauric Chersonese National Reserve (Sevastopol). Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of seed storage proteins was performed to analyze diversity of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits

AbstractThis paper considers current views on the classical determinants of Helicobacter pylori virulence, pathogenetic effects of phosphorylation, and the process of CagA translocation into gastric mucosa (GM) cells and characterizes surface membrane receptors of VacA binding to epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa. The necessity of genetic typing of Helicobacter pylori to determine the potential

AbstractSatellite DNA is the main component of functional centromeres and forms the main structural constituent of heterochromatin. The presence of alkali-labile sites (ALSs) is a feature inherent to chromatin structure. Here we aimed to characterize ALSs in different satellite DNA loci in cervical epithelial cells using DNA breakage detection coupled with fluorescence in situ hybridization (DBD–FISH)

AbstractThe review is devoted to the analysis of the current achievements of Corynebacterium glutamicum metabolic engineering for the production of lysine. Key genes of lysine biosynthesis in C. glutamicum and ways of creating new genetically modified strains are considered. The role of different plasmids, vector cassettes, and promoter types for the regulation of gene expression in C. glutamicum is

AbstractUsing the Comet assay, the peculiarities of the interaction between malignant and normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes under cocultivation and separate cultivation were investigated. A decrease in Tail Moment was observed against an increase in the frequency of cells in the state of apoptosis in the culture of lymphocytes from conditionally healthy volunteers (bystander cells) under the

AbstractProximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease caused by homozygous deletion in the seventh exon of the SMN1 gene. The aim of this work is to analyze the association of the allelic polymorphism of telomeric genes SMN1 and NAIP and the centromeric gene SMN2 of the 5q13 region with the clinical phenotype of SMA. It was shown that the homozygous genotype

AbstractIndia currently has the second largest number of individuals suffering from diabetes across the world. Hence, it is pertinent to explore the genetic variations in Indian populations to comprehend the extent of genetic heterogeneity. We studied the association of gene variations of four candidate genes [SLC30A8 (rs11558471), CDKAL1 (rs94655871), TCF7L2 (rs12255372) and HHEX (rs1111875)] with

AbstractRoutine, GTG-, and Ag-staining techniques for the metaphase chromosome analysis were used to determine the spontaneous frequency of chromosomal aberrations and the level of chromosomal variability in the blood lymphocytes of Ukrainian buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis L.). It has been established that the diploid complement of chromosomes within the studied population of animals consists of 50 chromosomes

AbstractThe formation of bean seeds in plants systemically infected with bean common mosaic virus is accompanied by the intense deposition of callose and lignin in zones of nucellar, integumental, and micropillar tissue barriers, thus preventing the viral spread. At a high concentration of viral particles in plants, the ovule tissue degrades with the development of the typical hypersensitivity response

AbstractComparative characteristics in genetic structure of cultured Ukrainian and Polish populations and the natural paddlefish populations from the United States is reported for three microsatellite DNA markers: Psp21, Psp26, and Psp28. The average Na value was 6.1 and 5.5 for the Ukrainian and Polish populations, respectively. The Na value for the natural populations was almost two times higher

AbstractThe effects of different regimens (morning and evening) of melatonin administration (30 mg/kg/day during 7 weeks) on the course of inflammation processes in visceral white adipose tissue (the presence of macrophages that formed crown-like structures around the adipocytes, fibrosis level and mast cell numbers in white adipose tissue, and the content of proinflammatory (IL-1β, IL-8, tumor necrosis

AbstractChronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disease characterized by the occurrence of the Bcr-Abl fusion oncoprotein, which resulted from a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. The Golgi complex-localized protein 1(GLG1) was identified by mass spectrometry as a potential interaction partner to the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of the Bcr-Abl oncoprotein

AbstractAn allozyme analysis of five sets of polymorphic loci of the gynogenetic Prussian carp C. gibelio from Northern Ukraine made it possible to identify within this species 29 genetic forms of clonal and recombinant nature, which can be divided into two categories. The first one is represented by the clonal C. gibelio-1 biotype with the modal number of 156 chromosomes and several unique alleles

AbstractThe content of indole-3-acetic (IAA), gibberellic (GA3), abscisic acids (ABA), and cytokinins—zeatin (Z), zeatin glucoside (ZG), zeatin riboside (ZP), isopentenyladenin (iР), and isopentenyladenosine (iРА)—was determined using the method of high-performance liquid chromatography in fern Polystichum aculeatum gametophytes at different stages of morphogenesis in vitro culture. It was shown that

AbstractRye (Secale L.) is a member of family Poaceae (tribe Triticeae) and includes perennial or annual, self-incompatible or self-compatible, and cultivated, weedy or wild species. Classification of the genus Secale is inconsistent, and comprises 3–4 to 8 species from the phylogenetic studies in the last ten years. Progress in rye breeding has been significantly reduced due to involving a small number

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved, non-coding, 20–24 nucleotides long RNA molecules that play important regulatory roles in plants and animals. Due to several limitations involved in the experimental validation of potent miRNAs, in silico prediction of miRNAs and their target(s) from various organisms have been successfully employed. Cranberries are one of the healthiest fruits due to

AbstractThe degree of intraspecific genetic polymorphism and heterozygosity, the germinal death, viability of seeds, and the cytogenetic state of vegetative Ulmus pumila and U. suberosa meristems were analyzed for determining the mechanisms of plant population invasiveness in the steppe Dnieper region under climate changes. The studied U. pumila population were different in terms of germinal (embryonic)

Abstract—Hydrogen peroxide, one of the main factors of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pathogenicity, is released in the reaction catalyzed by glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) oxidase enzyme (EC 1.1.3.21). During the study, nucleotide substitutions in the glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase gene of Mycoplasma pneumoniae clinical isolates, the presence of which was accompanied by different levels of hydrogen peroxide production

AbstractThis paper presents results of studying the genetic diversity of 126 sunflower inbred lines from the collection fund of the Experimental Farm of Oilseeds of Kazakhstan for protein and SSR markers. The polymorphism of collections in terms of the composition of helianthinin, seed storage protein, was not high. In the zone of fast-moving proteins, three variants of components were found that are

AbstractGene targeting is extensively used to generate designer mouse mutants and to study gene function in vivo. Knockout mice that harbor a null allele in their germline provide appropriate genetic models of inherited diseases and often exhibit embryonic or early postnatal lethality. To study gene function in adult mice and in selected cell types, a refined strategy for conditional gene inactivation

AbstractThe members of the casein kinase 1 (CK1) subfamily are distinguished by interspecific conservatism and an extensive set of phosphorylation substrates. Recently, appeared strong evidence that CK1 are able to phosphorylate tubulin directly. Thus, CK1 contribute to the tubulin code and functional specialization of microtubules. In this work, we present the results of studying the response of plant