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Insights into how development and life-history dynamics shape the evolution of venom EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Joachim M. Surm; Yehu Moran
Venomous animals are a striking example of the convergent evolution of a complex trait. These animals have independently evolved an apparatus that synthesizes, stores, and secretes a mixture of toxic compounds to the target animal through the infliction of a wound. Among these distantly related animals, some can modulate and compartmentalize functionally distinct venoms related to predation and defense
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Nothobranchius annual killifishes EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-12-15 Eva Terzibasi Tozzini; Alessandro Cellerino
Annual fishes of the genus Nothobranchius inhabit ephemeral habitats in Eastern and Southeastern Africa. Their life cycle is characterized by very rapid maturation, a posthatch lifespan of a few weeks to months and embryonic diapause to survive the dry season. The species N. furzeri holds the record of the fastest-maturing vertebrate and of the vertebrate with the shortest captive lifespan and is emerging
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The pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-12-04 Reiko Kuroda; Masanori Abe
The freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis has a long research history, but only relatively recently has it emerged as an attractive model organism to study molecular mechanisms in the areas of developmental biology and translational medicine such as learning/memory and neurodegenerative diseases. The species has the advantage of being a hermaphrodite and can both cross- and self-mate, which greatly facilitates
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Further evidence that mechanisms of host/symbiont integration are dissimilar in the maternal versus embryonic Acyrthosiphon pisum bacteriome EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 Celeste R. Banfill; Alex C. C. Wilson; Hsiao-ling Lu
Host/symbiont integration is a signature of evolutionarily ancient, obligate endosymbioses. However, little is known about the cellular and developmental mechanisms of host/symbiont integration at the molecular level. Many insects possess obligate bacterial endosymbionts that provide essential nutrients. To advance understanding of the developmental and metabolic integration of hosts and endosymbionts
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Serial blockface SEM suggests that stem cells may participate in adult notochord growth in an invertebrate chordate, the Bahamas lancelet EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-10-17 Nicholas D. Holland; Ildiko M. L. Somorjai
The cellular basis of adult growth in cephalochordates (lancelets or amphioxus) has received little attention. Lancelets and their constituent organs grow slowly but continuously during adult life. Here, we consider whether this slow organ growth involves tissue-specific stem cells. Specifically, we focus on the cell populations in the notochord of an adult lancelet and use serial blockface scanning
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Interplay of mesoscale physics and agent-like behaviors in the parallel evolution of aggregative multicellularity EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-10-12 Juan A. Arias Del Angel; Vidyanand Nanjundiah; Mariana Benítez; Stuart A. Newman
Myxobacteria and dictyostelids are prokaryotic and eukaryotic multicellular lineages, respectively, that after nutrient depletion aggregate and develop into structures called fruiting bodies. The developmental processes and resulting morphological outcomes resemble one another to a remarkable extent despite their independent origins, the evolutionary distance between them and the lack of traceable
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Anemonefish, a model for Eco-Evo-Devo EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-10-07 Natacha Roux; Pauline Salis; Shu-Hua Lee; Laurence Besseau; Vincent Laudet
Anemonefish, are a group of about 30 species of damselfish (Pomacentridae) that have long aroused the interest of coral reef fish ecologists. Combining a series of original biological traits and practical features in their breeding that are described in this paper, anemonefish are now emerging as an experimental system of interest for developmental biology, ecology and evolutionary sciences. They are
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Ectocarpus: an evo-devo model for the brown algae. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Susana M Coelho,Akira F Peters,Dieter Müller,J Mark Cock
Ectocarpus is a genus of filamentous, marine brown algae. Brown algae belong to the stramenopiles, a large supergroup of organisms that are only distantly related to animals, land plants and fungi. Brown algae are also one of only a small number of eukaryotic lineages that have evolved complex multicellularity. For many years, little information was available concerning the molecular mechanisms underlying
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Genomic resources and toolkits for developmental study of whip spiders (Amblypygi) provide insights into arachnid genome evolution and antenniform leg patterning. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-08-28 Guilherme Gainett,Prashant P Sharma
The resurgence of interest in the comparative developmental study of chelicerates has led to important insights, such as the discovery of a genome duplication shared by spiders and scorpions, inferred to have occurred in the most recent common ancestor of Arachnopulmonata (a clade comprising the five arachnid orders that bear book lungs). Nonetheless, several arachnid groups remain understudied in
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Activin/Nodal signaling mediates dorsal-ventral axis formation before third quartet formation in embryos of the annelid Chaetopterus pergamentaceus. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-08-10 Alexis R Lanza,Elaine C Seaver
The clade of protostome animals known as the Spiralia (e.g., mollusks, annelids, nemerteans and polyclad flatworms) shares a highly conserved program of early development. This includes shared arrangement of cells in the early-stage embryo and fates of descendant cells into embryonic quadrants. In spiralian embryos, a single cell in the D quadrant functions as an embryonic organizer to pattern the
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Evolution and development of three highly specialized floral structures of bee-pollinated Phalaenopsis species. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-08-10 Dewi Pramanik,Nemi Dorst,Niels Meesters,Marlies Spaans,Erik Smets,Monique Welten,Barbara Gravendeel
Variation in shape and size of many floral organs is related to pollinators. Evolution of such organs is driven by duplication and modification of MADS-box and MYB transcription factors. We applied a combination of micro-morphological (SEM and micro 3D-CT scanning) and molecular techniques (transcriptome and RT-PCR analysis) to understand the evolution and development of the callus, stelidia and mentum
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Expression of smooth muscle-like effectors and core cardiomyocyte regulators in the contractile papillae of Ciona. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-08-03 Christopher J Johnson,Florian Razy-Krajka,Alberto Stolfi
The evolution of vertebrate smooth muscles is obscured by lack of identifiable smooth muscle-like cells in tunicates, the invertebrates most closely related to vertebrates. A recent evolutionary model was proposed in which smooth muscles arose before the last bilaterian common ancestor, and were later diversified, secondarily lost or modified in the branches leading to extant animal taxa. However,
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Astyanax surface and cave fish morphs. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-07-11 William R Jeffery
The small teleost fish Astyanax mexicanus has emerged as an outstanding model for studying many biological topics in the context of evolution. A major attribute is conspecific surface dwelling (surface fish) and blind cave dwelling (cavefish) morphs that can be raised in the laboratory and spawn large numbers of transparent and synchronously developing embryos. More than 30 cavefish populations have
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Volvox and volvocine green algae. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 James G Umen
The transition of life from single cells to more complex multicellular forms has occurred at least two dozen times among eukaryotes and is one of the major evolutionary transitions, but the early steps that enabled multicellular life to evolve and thrive remain poorly understood. Volvocine green algae are a taxonomic group that is uniquely suited to investigating the step-wise acquisition of multicellular
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Can the anatomy of abnormal flowers elucidate relationships of the androecial members in the ginger (Zingiberaceae)? EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-06-09 Xiumei Li,Tian Fan,Pu Zou,Wenhu Zhang,Xiuju Wu,Yixin Zhang,Jingping Liao
Interpretation of the floral structure of Zingiberaceae has long concentrated on the relationships of the androecial members. It suggested that labellum is composed of two structures rather than three or five, and glands are interpreted either as gynoecial part or as androecial members. Serial sections were used to observe the vasculature of normal and two-staminate flowers in Alpinia intermedia ‘shengzhen’
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Differential cellular proliferation underlies heterochronic generation of cranial diversity in phyllostomid bats. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-06-02 Jasmin Camacho,Rachel Moon,Samantha K Smith,Jacky D Lin,Charles Randolph,John J Rasweiler,Richard R Behringer,Arhat Abzhanov
Skull diversity in the neotropical leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae) evolved through a heterochronic process called peramorphosis, with underlying causes varying by subfamily. The nectar-eating (subfamily Glossophaginae) and blood-eating (subfamily Desmondontinae) groups originate from insect-eating ancestors and generate their uniquely shaped faces and skulls by extending the ancestral ontogenetic
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Transcription factors underlying wing margin color patterns and pupal cuticle markings in butterflies. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-05-27 Robert D Reed,Jayne E Selegue,Linlin Zhang,Craig R Brunetti
The diversity of butterfly color patterns can be attributed to a relatively small number of pattern elements that are homologous across Lepidoptera. Although genes involved in patterning some of these elements have been identified, the development of several major elements remains poorly understood. To identify genes underlying wing pupal cuticle markings and wing margin color patterns, we examined
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Oncopeltus-like gene expression patterns in Murgantia histrionica, a new hemipteran model system, suggest ancient regulatory network divergence. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-04-22 Jessica Hernandez,Leslie Pick,Katie Reding
Background Much has been learned about basic biology from studies of insect model systems. The pre-eminent insect model system, Drosophila melanogaster, is a holometabolous insect with a derived mode of segment formation. While additional insect models have been pioneered in recent years, most of these fall within holometabolous lineages. In contrast, hemimetabolous insects have garnered less attention
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Introduction to emerging systems. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-04-16 Michalis Averof,Chiara Sinigaglia
In 1929 August Krogh, a pioneer of comparative physiology, wrote: ‘For a large number of problems there will be some animal of choice, or a few such animals, on which it can be most conveniently studied’. Decades later Jacques Monod argued that anything found to be true of E. coli must also be true of elephants. These two ideas—that some species are particularly useful as experimental subjects, and
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The colonial cnidarian Hydractinia EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-03-26 Uri Frank; Matthew L. Nicotra; Christine E. Schnitzler
Hydractinia, a genus of colonial marine cnidarians, has been used as a model organism for developmental biology and comparative immunology for over a century. It was this animal where stem cells and germ cells were first studied. However, protocols for efficient genetic engineering have only recently been established by a small but interactive community of researchers. The animal grows well in the
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The common house spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-03-20 Hiroki Oda,Yasuko Akiyama-Oda
The common house spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum, belonging to the Chelicerata in the phylum Arthropoda, has emerged as an experimental system for studying mechanisms of development from an evolutionary standpoint. In this article, we review the distinct characteristics of P. tepidariorum, the major research questions relevant to this organism, and the available key methods and resources. P. tepidariorum
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The free-living flatworm Macrostomum lignano EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-03-02 Jakub Wudarski; Bernhard Egger; Steven A. Ramm; Lukas Schärer; Peter Ladurner; Kira S. Zadesenets; Nikolay B. Rubtsov; Stijn Mouton; Eugene Berezikov
Macrostomum lignano is a free-living flatworm that is emerging as an attractive experimental animal for research on a broad range of biological questions. One feature setting it apart from other flatworms is the successful establishment of transgenesis methods, facilitated by a steady supply of eggs in the form of single-cell zygotes that can be readily manipulated. This, in combination with the transparency
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Expression of gynoecium patterning transcription factors in Aristolochia fimbriata (Aristolochiaceae) and their contribution to gynostemium development. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-02-17 Pablo Peréz-Mesa,Clara Inés Ortíz-Ramírez,Favio González,Cristina Ferrándiz,Natalia Pabón-Mora
Background In Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) flowers, the congenital fusion of the anthers and the commissural, stigmatic lobes forms a gynostemium. Although the molecular bases associated to the apical-basal gynoecium patterning have been described in eudicots, comparative expression studies of the style and stigma regulatory genes have never been performed in early divergent angiosperms possessing
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Hox gene expression during development of the phoronid Phoronopsis harmeri. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-02-10 Ludwik Gąsiorowski,Andreas Hejnol
Background Phoronida is a small group of marine worm-like suspension feeders, which together with brachiopods and bryozoans form the clade Lophophorata. Although their development is well studied on the morphological level, data regarding gene expression during this process are scarce and restricted to the analysis of relatively few transcription factors. Here, we present a description of the expression
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Elongation during segmentation shows axial variability, low mitotic rates, and synchronized cell cycle domains in the crustacean, Thamnocephalus platyurus. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2020-01-18 Savvas J Constantinou,Nicole Duan,Lisa M Nagy,Ariel D Chipman,Terri A Williams
Background Segmentation in arthropods typically occurs by sequential addition of segments from a posterior growth zone. However, the amount of tissue required for growth and the cell behaviors producing posterior elongation are sparsely documented. Results Using precisely staged larvae of the crustacean, Thamnocephalus platyurus, we systematically examine cell division patterns and morphometric changes
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Molecular patterning during the development of Phoronopsis harmeri reveals similarities to rhynchonelliform brachiopods EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-12-12 Carmen Andrikou; Yale J. Passamaneck; Chris J. Lowe; Mark Q. Martindale; Andreas Hejnol
Phoronids, rhynchonelliform and linguliform brachiopods show striking similarities in their embryonic fate maps, in particular in their axis specification and regionalization. However, although brachiopod development has been studied in detail and demonstrated embryonic patterning as a causal factor of the gastrulation mode (protostomy vs deuterostomy), molecular descriptions are still missing in phoronids
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Identifying the homology of the short human pisiform and its lost ossification center. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-11-25 Kelsey M Kjosness,Philip L Reno
Background The pisiform and calcaneus are paralogous bones of the wrist and ankle and are the only carpal and tarsal, respectively, to develop from two ossification centers with an associated growth plate in mammals. Human pisiforms and calcanei have undergone drastic evolutionary changes since our last common ancestor with chimpanzees and bonobos. The human pisiform is truncated and has lost an ossification
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Putative stem cells in the hemolymph and in the intestinal submucosa of the solitary ascidian Styela plicata. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-11-25 Juan Jiménez-Merino,Isadora Santos de Abreu,Laurel S Hiebert,Silvana Allodi,Stefano Tiozzo,Cintia M De Barros,Federico D Brown
Background In various ascidian species, circulating stem cells have been documented to be involved in asexual reproduction and whole-body regeneration. Studies of these cell population(s) are mainly restricted to colonial species. Here, we investigate the occurrence of circulating stem cells in the solitary Styela plicata, a member of the Styelidae, a family with at least two independent origins of
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Mechanisms and evolution of resistance to environmental extremes in animals. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-11-18 Thomas C Boothby
When animals are exposed to an extreme environmental stress, one of three possible outcomes takes place: the animal dies, the animal avoids the environmental stress and survives, or the animal tolerates the environmental stress and survives. This review is concerned with the third possibility, and will look at mechanisms that rare animals use to survive extreme environmental stresses including freezing
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Cell cycle dynamics during diapause entry and exit in an annual killifish revealed by FUCCI technology. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-11-08 Luca Dolfi,Roberto Ripa,Adam Antebi,Dario Riccardo Valenzano,Alessandro Cellerino
Background Annual killifishes are adapted to surviving and reproducing over alternating dry and wet seasons. During the dry season, all adults die and desiccation-resistant embryos remain encased in dry mud for months or years in a state of diapause where their development is halted in anticipation of the months that have to elapse before their habitats are flooded again. Embryonic development of annual
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FoxB, a new and highly conserved key factor in arthropod dorsal-ventral (DV) limb patterning. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-11-08 Miriam Heingård,Natascha Turetzek,Nikola-Michael Prpic,Ralf Janssen
Forkhead box (Fox) transcription factors evolved early in animal evolution and represent important components of conserved gene regulatory networks (GRNs) during animal development. Most of the researches concerning Fox genes, however, are on vertebrates and only a relatively low number of studies investigate Fox gene function in invertebrates. In addition to this shortcoming, the focus of attention
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Characterization of nAChRs in Nematostella vectensis supports neuronal and non-neuronal roles in the cnidarian-bilaterian common ancestor. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-11-02 Dylan Z Faltine-Gonzalez,Michael J Layden
Background Nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors likely evolved in the cnidarian-bilaterian common ancestor. Both receptor families are best known for their role at chemical synapses in bilaterian animals, but they also have described roles as non-neuronal signaling receptors within the bilaterians. It is not clear when either of the functions for nicotinic or muscarinic receptors evolved
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Diverse cell junctions with unique molecular composition in tissues of a sponge (Porifera). EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-10-29 Jennyfer M Mitchell,Scott A Nichols
The integrity and organization of animal tissues depend upon specialized protein complexes that mediate adhesion between cells with each other (cadherin-based adherens junctions), and with the extracellular matrix (integrin-based focal adhesions). Reconstructing how and when these cell junctions evolved is central to understanding early tissue evolution in animals. We examined focal adhesion protein
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Remnants of ancestral larval eyes in an eyeless mollusk? Molecular characterization of photoreceptors in the scaphopod Antalis entalis. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-10-19 Tim Wollesen,Carmel McDougall,Detlev Arendt
Background Eyes have evolved and been lost multiple times during animal evolution, however, the process of eye loss has only been reconstructed in a few cases. Mollusks exhibit eyes as varied as the octopod camera eye or the gastropod cup eye and are ideal systems for studying the evolution of eyes, photoreceptors, and opsins. Results Here, we identify genes related to photoreceptor formation and function
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Variable levels of drift in tunicate cardiopharyngeal gene regulatory elements. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-10-11 William Colgan,Alexis Leanza,Ariel Hwang,Melissa B DeBiasse,Isabel Llosa,Daniel Rodrigues,Hriju Adhikari,Guillermo Barreto Corona,Saskia Bock,Amanda Carillo-Perez,Meagan Currie,Simone Darkoa-Larbi,Daniel Dellal,Hanna Gutow,Pascha Hokama,Emily Kibby,Noah Linhart,Sophia Moody,Allison Naganuma,Diep Nguyen,Ryan Stanton,Sierra Stark,Cameron Tumey,Anthony Velleca,Joseph F Ryan,Brad Davidson
Background Mutations in gene regulatory networks often lead to genetic divergence without impacting gene expression or developmental patterning. The rules governing this process of developmental systems drift, including the variable impact of selective constraints on different nodes in a gene regulatory network, remain poorly delineated. Results Here we examine developmental systems drift within the
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Genomic analysis of the tryptome reveals molecular mechanisms of gland cell evolution. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-09-30 Leslie S Babonis,Joseph F Ryan,Camille Enjolras,Mark Q Martindale
Background Understanding the drivers of morphological diversity is a persistent challenge in evolutionary biology. Here, we investigate functional diversification of secretory cells in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis to understand the mechanisms promoting cellular specialization across animals. Results We demonstrate regionalized expression of gland cell subtypes in the internal ectoderm of
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Peripheral sensory neurons govern development of the nervous system in bivalve larvae. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-09-12 Olga V Yurchenko,Anna V Savelieva,Natalia K Kolotuchina,Elena E Voronezhskaya,Vyacheslav A Dyachuk
Recent findings regarding early lophotrochozoan development have altered the conventional model of neurogenesis and revealed that peripheral sensory elements play a key role in the initial organization of the larval nervous system. Here, we describe the main neurogenetic events in bivalve mollusks in comparison with other Lophotrochozoa, emphasizing a novel role for early neurons in establishing larval
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Comparative transcriptomic analysis of a wing-dimorphic stonefly reveals candidate wing loss genes. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-09-06 Graham A McCulloch,Andrew Oliphant,Peter K Dearden,Andrew J Veale,Charles W Ellen,Jonathan M Waters
Background The genetic basis of wing development has been well characterised for model insect species, but remains poorly understood in phylogenetically divergent, non-model taxa. Wing-polymorphic insect species potentially provide ideal systems for unravelling the genetic basis of secondary wing reduction. Stoneflies (Plecoptera) represent an anciently derived insect assemblage for which the genetic
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Cnidofest 2018: the future is bright for cnidarian research. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-09-04 Shuonan He,Juris A Grasis,Matthew L Nicotra,Celina E Juliano,Christine E Schnitzler
The 2018 Cnidarian Model Systems Meeting (Cnidofest) was held September 6-9th at the University of Florida Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience in St. Augustine, FL. Cnidofest 2018, which built upon the momentum of Hydroidfest 2016, brought together research communities working on a broad spectrum of cnidarian organisms from North America and around the world. Meeting talks covered diverse aspects
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Conserved gene signalling and a derived patterning mechanism underlie the development of avian footpad scales. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-08-13 Rory L Cooper,Victoria J Lloyd,Nicolas Di-Poï,Alexander G Fletcher,Paul M Barrett,Gareth J Fraser
Background Vertebrates possess a diverse range of integumentary epithelial appendages, including scales, feathers and hair. These structures share extensive early developmental homology, as they mostly originate from a conserved anatomical placode. In the context of avian epithelial appendages, feathers and scutate scales are known to develop from an anatomical placode. However, our understanding of
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Bar, stripe and spot development in sand-dwelling cichlids from Lake Malawi. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-08-12 Laura A Hendrick,Grace A Carter,Erin H Hilbrands,Brian P Heubel,Thomas F Schilling,Pierre Le Pabic
Background Melanic patterns such as horizontal stripes, vertical bars and spots are common among teleost fishes and often serve roles in camouflage or mimicry. Extensive research in the zebrafish model has shown that the development of horizontal stripes depends on complex cellular interactions between melanophores, xanthophores and iridophores. Little is known about the development of horizontal stripes
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Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the evolution of form and function in the amniote jaw. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-08-12 Katherine C Woronowicz,Richard A Schneider
The amniote jaw complex is a remarkable amalgamation of derivatives from distinct embryonic cell lineages. During development, the cells in these lineages experience concerted movements, migrations, and signaling interactions that take them from their initial origins to their final destinations and imbue their derivatives with aspects of form including their axial orientation, anatomical identity,
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Unravelling the genes forming the wing pattern supergene in the polymorphic butterfly Heliconius numata. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-08-08 Suzanne V Saenko,Mathieu Chouteau,Florence Piron-Prunier,Corinne Blugeon,Mathieu Joron,Violaine Llaurens
Background Unravelling the genetic basis of polymorphic characters is central to our understanding of the origins and diversification of living organisms. Recently, supergenes have been implicated in a wide range of complex polymorphisms, from adaptive colouration in butterflies and fish to reproductive strategies in birds and plants. The concept of a supergene is now a hot topic in biology, and identification
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Conservation and flexibility in the gene regulatory landscape of heliconiine butterfly wings. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-07-16 Joseph J Hanly,Richard W R Wallbank,W Owen McMillan,Chris D Jiggins
Background Many traits evolve by cis-regulatory modification, by which changes to noncoding sequences affect the binding affinity for available transcription factors and thus modify the expression profile of genes. Multiple examples of cis-regulatory evolution have been described at pattern switch genes responsible for butterfly wing pattern polymorphism, including in the diverse neotropical genus
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Gene profiling of head mesoderm in early zebrafish development: insights into the evolution of cranial mesoderm. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-07-06 Huijia Wang,Peter W H Holland,Tokiharu Takahashi
Background The evolution of the head was one of the key events that marked the transition from invertebrates to vertebrates. With the emergence of structures such as eyes and jaws, vertebrates evolved an active and predatory life style and radiated into diversity of large-bodied animals. These organs are moved by cranial muscles that derive embryologically from head mesoderm. Compared with other embryonic
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Regulation and evolution of muscle development in tunicates. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-06-24 Florian Razy-Krajka,Alberto Stolfi
For more than a century, studies on tunicate muscle formation have revealed many principles of cell fate specification, gene regulation, morphogenesis, and evolution. Here, we review the key studies that have probed the development of all the various muscle cell types in a wide variety of tunicate species. We seize this occasion to explore the implications and questions raised by these findings in
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Reinvestigating the early embryogenesis in the flatworm Maritigrella crozieri highlights the unique spiral cleavage program found in polyclad flatworms. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-06-22 Johannes Girstmair,Maximilian J Telford
Background Spiral cleavage is a conserved, early developmental mode found in several phyla of Lophotrochozoans resulting in highly diverse adult body plans. While the cleavage pattern has clearly been broadly conserved, it has also undergone many modifications in various taxa. The precise mechanisms of how different adaptations have altered the ancestral spiral cleavage pattern are an important ongoing
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Common themes in tetrapod appendage regeneration: a cellular perspective. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-06-17 Bess M Miller,Kimberly Johnson,Jessica L Whited
Complete and perfect regeneration of appendages is a process that has fascinated and perplexed biologists for centuries. Some tetrapods possess amazing regenerative abilities, but the regenerative abilities of others are exceedingly limited. The reasons underlying these differences have largely remained mysterious. A great deal has been learned about the morphological events that accompany successful
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Reduction of a nymphal instar in a dampwood termite: heterochronic shift in the caste differentiation pathways. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-05-16 Ryotaro Nii,Kohei Oguchi,Junpei Shinji,Shigeyuki Koshikawa,Toru Miura
Background Generally in termites, alates differentiate through multiple nymphal instars which gradually develop wing buds. However, in a dampwood termite, Hodotermopsis sjostedti, alates molt directly from a single nymphal instar with short wing buds. In this study, to examine the mechanism underlying the wing formation during the alate differentiation in H. sjostedti, histological and morphological
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Evidence of a largely staminal origin for the Jaltomata calliantha (Solanaceae) floral corona. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-04-19 Jamie L Kostyun,Josephine E Robertson,Jill C Preston
Background Understanding the evolution of novel features requires homology assessments at different levels of biological organization. In flowering plants, floral coronas that play various roles in plant-pollinator interactions have evolved multiple times independently, but are highly variable in their final position and overall morphology. Coronas of the Solanaceae species Jaltomata calliantha are
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The role of the hyaline spheres in sea cucumber metamorphosis: lipid storage via transport cells in the blastocoel. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-04-11 Josefina Peters-Didier,Mary A Sewell
Background For echinoderms with feeding larvae, metamorphic and post-settlement success may be highly dependent on larval nutrition and the accumulation of energetic lipids from the diet. In contrast to the sea urchins, starfish and brittle stars within the Phylum Echinodermata, sea cucumber metamorphosis does not involve formation of a juvenile rudiment, but instead there is a rearrangement of the
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Novel budding mode in Polyandrocarpa zorritensis: a model for comparative studies on asexual development and whole body regeneration. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-04-03 Marta Scelzo,Alexandre Alié,Sophie Pagnotta,Camille Lejeune,Pauline Henry,Laurent Gilletta,Laurel S Hiebert,Francesco Mastrototaro,Stefano Tiozzo
Background In tunicates, the capacity to build an adult body via non-embryonic development (NED), i.e., asexual budding and whole body regeneration, has been gained or lost several times across the whole subphylum. A recent phylogeny of the family Styelidae revealed an independent acquisition of NED in the colonial species Polyandrocarpa zorritensis and highlighted a novel budding mode. In this paper
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Establishment of the mayfly Cloeon dipterum as a new model system to investigate insect evolution. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-04-02 Isabel Almudi,Carlos A Martín-Blanco,Isabel M García-Fernandez,Adrián López-Catalina,Kristofer Davie,Stein Aerts,Fernando Casares
The great capability of insects to adapt to new environments promoted their extraordinary diversification, resulting in the group of Metazoa with the largest number of species distributed worldwide. To understand this enormous diversity, it is essential to investigate lineages that would allow the reconstruction of the early events in the evolution of insects. However, research on insect ecology, physiology
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Convergent evolution of saccate body shapes in nematodes through distinct developmental mechanisms. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-03-14 Sita Thapa,Michael K Gates,Ursula Reuter-Carlson,Rebecca J Androwski,Nathan E Schroeder
Background The vast majority of nematode species have vermiform (worm-shaped) body plans throughout post-embryonic development. However, atypical body shapes have evolved multiple times. The plant-parasitic Tylenchomorpha nematode Heterodera glycines hatches as a vermiform infective juvenile. Following infection and the establishment of a feeding site, H. glycines grows disproportionately greater in
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Glass confers rhabdomeric photoreceptor identity in Drosophila, but not across all metazoans. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-03-05 F Javier Bernardo-Garcia,Maryam Syed,Gáspár Jékely,Simon G Sprecher
Across metazoans, visual systems employ different types of photoreceptor neurons (PRs) to detect light. These include rhabdomeric PRs, which exist in distantly related phyla and possess an evolutionarily conserved phototransduction cascade. While the development of rhabdomeric PRs has been thoroughly studied in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, we still know very little about how they form in
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Modular co-option of cardiopharyngeal genes during non-embryonic myogenesis. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-03-05 Maria Mandela Prünster,Lorenzo Ricci,Federico D Brown,Stefano Tiozzo
Background In chordates, cardiac and body muscles arise from different embryonic origins. In addition, myogenesis can be triggered in adult organisms, during asexual development or regeneration. In non-vertebrate chordates like ascidians, muscles originate from embryonic precursors regulated by a conserved set of genes that orchestrate cell behavior and dynamics during development. In colonial ascidians
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Spatial and temporal patterns of gene expression during neurogenesis in the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-02-12 Leslie A Slota,Esther M Miranda,David R McClay
Background The sea urchin is a basal deuterostome that is more closely related to vertebrates than many organisms traditionally used to study neurogenesis. This phylogenetic position means that the sea urchin can provide insights into the evolution of the nervous system by helping resolve which developmental processes are deuterostome innovations, which are innovations in other clades, and which are
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Hox gene expression in postmetamorphic juveniles of the brachiopod Terebratalia transversa. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2019-01-08 Ludwik Gąsiorowski,Andreas Hejnol
Background Hox genes encode a family of homeodomain containing transcription factors that are clustered together on chromosomes of many Bilateria. Some bilaterian lineages express these genes during embryogenesis in spatial and/or temporal order according to their arrangement in the cluster, a phenomenon referred to as collinearity. Expression of Hox genes is well studied during embryonic and larval
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Around the clock: gradient shape and noise impact the evolution of oscillatory segmentation dynamics. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2018-12-10 Renske M A Vroomans,Paulien Hogeweg,Kirsten H W J Ten Tusscher
Background Segmentation, the subdivision of the major body axis into repeated elements, is considered one of the major evolutionary innovations in bilaterian animals. In all three segmented animal clades, the predominant segmentation mechanism is sequential segmentation, where segments are generated one by one in anterior-posterior order from a posterior undifferentiated zone. In vertebrates and arthropods
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Maternal mRNA input of growth and stress-response-related genes in cichlids in relation to egg size and trophic specialization. EvoDevo (IF 2.146) Pub Date : 2018-12-01 Ehsan Pashay Ahi,Pooja Singh,Laurène Alicia Lecaudey,Wolfgang Gessl,Christian Sturmbauer
Background Egg size represents an important form of maternal effect determined by a complex interplay of long-term adaptation and short-term plasticity balancing egg size with brood size. Haplochromine cichlids are maternal mouthbrooders showing differential parental investment in different species, manifested in great variation in egg size, brood size and duration of maternal care. Little is known
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