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Inflammatory Biomarkers in AD: Implications for Diagnosis Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Junhyung Kim and Yong-Ku Kim
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia. Due to the lack of effective interventions, early and accurate diagnosis for new interventions are emphasized. However, significant neuronal loss and neuropathological lesions can damage the brain substantially before diagnosis. With our growing knowledge of the role of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory
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The Association between TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha and IL-10 with Alzheimer's Disease Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Marija Culjak, Matea N. Perkovic, Suzana Uzun, Dubravka S. Strac, Gordana N. Erjavec, Mirjana B. Leko, Goran Simic, Lucija Tudor, Marcela Konjevod, Oliver Kozumplik, Ninoslav Mimica and Nela Pivac
Background: Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is assumed to be associated with different biological/genetic vulnerability, as well as with neuroinflammation, mediated by cytokines. The present study evaluated the role of cytokines in AD. Objective: The aim was to determine the possible association of TNF-α (rs1800629), IL1-α (rs1800587) and IL-10 (rs1800896) polymorphisms with AD, and to assess serum
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IL-8 and MCP-1 Impact on Tau Phosphorylation and Phosphatase Activity Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Margarida Vaz, Catarina Domingues, Dário Trindade, Cátia Barra, Joana M. Oliveira, Ilka M. Rosa, Odete A.B. da Cruz e Silva and Ana G. Henriques
Background: Chronic inflammation is a feature of Alzheimer´s disease (AD), resulting in excessive production of inflammatory mediators that can lead to neuroinflammation, contributing to alterations in Aβ production and deposition as Senile Plaques (SPs), and to neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) formation, due to hyperphosphorylated Tau protein. Objective: This work addressed the impact of the interleukin-8
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Electromagnetic Field in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Literature Review of Recent Preclinical and Clinical Studies Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Reem H.M.A. Ahmad, Marc Fakhoury and Nada Lawand
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of neurons leading to cognitive and memory decay. The main signs of AD include the irregular extracellular accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein in the brain and the hyper-phosphorylation of tau protein inside neurons. Changes in Aβ expression or aggregation are considered key factors in the pathophysiology
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Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs as Candidates for the Prevention or Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease: Do they Still Have a Role? Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Alberto Villarejo-Galende, Marta González-Sánchez, Víctor A. Blanco-Palmero, Sara Llamas-Velasco and Julián Benito-León
Purpose of Review: To provide an updated analysis of the possible use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as treatments for Alzheimer´s disease (AD). Recent Findings: Neuroinflammation in AD is an active field of research, with increasing evidence from basic and clinical studies for an involvement of innate or adaptive immune responses in the pathophysiology of AD. Few clinical trials
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Differential Effects of the Interaction Between the Education and APOE ε4 Allele on Amyloid-beta Retention and Memory Performances in Cognitively Normal Older Adults and Alzheimer's Disease Patients Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Dong W. Kang, Sheng-Min Wang, Hae-Ran Na, Chang U. Lee, In-Ho Baek and Hyun K. Lim
Background: Despite the effect of education and APOE ε4 allele on amyloid-beta (Aβ) retention and memory, previous studies have not dealt with an interaction between two factors on Aβ deposition and memory function in the course of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: To evaluate education by APOE ε4 allele interactions for Aβ retention and neuropsychological test scores in cognitively normal older
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Amyloid-beta Induced Neurotoxicity Impairs Cognition and Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in a Mouse Model for Alzheimer’s Disease Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Sanila Amber, Sumera, Fatima J. Mirza, Muhammad Asif , Deeba Hassan, Touqeer Ahmed and Saadia Zahid
Background: Neurogenesis, the key mechanism to generate new neurons from existing stem cell niches continues throughout the life in the adult mammalian brain, although decelerate with aging or the progression of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In the past few years, impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis emerged as a contributing hallmark of AD pathophysiology along with
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The Effect of Levosimendan on Two Distinct Rodent Models of Parkinson’s Disease Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Amjad N. Abuirmeileh, Karem H. Alzoubi and Abeer M. Rababa’h
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by motor symptoms related to the deficiency in dopamine levels, and cognitive symptoms that are similar in nature to those manifested during Alzheimer’s disease. Levosimendan, on the other hand, is a calcium sensitizer and phosphodiesterase inhibitor that was shown to possess neuroprotective, memoryenhancing
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Degradation Products of Amyloid Protein: Are They The Culprits? Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Dmitry V. Zaretsky and Maria Zaretskaia
Objectives: Beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptides are most toxic to cells in oligomeric form. It is commonly accepted that oligomers can form ion channels in cell membranes and allow calcium and other ions to enter cells. The activation of other mechanisms, such as apoptosis or lipid peroxidation, aggravates the toxicity, but it itself can result from the same initial point, that is, ion disturbance due to an
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Statins, Risk of Death and Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Dementia: A Registry-Based Observational Cohort Study Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Bojana Petek, Hong Xu, Marta Villa-Lopez, Bengt Winblad, Milica G. Kramberger, Maria Eriksdotter and Sara Garcia-Ptacek
Background: Survival in patients with dementia is variable. Statins are a cornerstone of cardiovascular prevention. However, the effect of statins on mortality and risk for stroke in patients with dementia is not clear. Objective: The aim of the study was to analyse the association between the use of statins and the risk of all-cause death and first ischemic stroke in patients diagnosed with dementia
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Elucidating the Risk Factors for Progression from Amyloid-Negative Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Hyung-Ji Kim, Jae-Hong Lee, E-nae Cheong, Sung-Eun Chung, Sungyang Jo, Woo-Hyun Shim and Yun J. Hong
Background: Amyloid PET allows for the assessment of amyloid β status in the brain, distinguishing true Alzheimer’s disease from Alzheimer’s disease-mimicking conditions. Around 15-20% of patients with clinically probable Alzheimer’s disease have been found to have no significant Alzheimer’s pathology on amyloid PET. However, a limited number of studies had been conducted on this subpopulation in terms
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Volumetric MRI demonstrates atrophy of the olfactory cortex in AD Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Majed Al-Otaibi, Melissa Lessard-Beaudoin, Christian-Alexandre Castellano, Denis Gris, Stephen C. Cunnane and Rona K. Graham
Objective: Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Symptoms include memory dysfunction and deficits in attention, planning, language, and overall cognitive function. Olfactory dysfunction is a common symptom of AD and evidence supports that it is an early marker. Furthermore, olfactory bulb and entorhinal cortex atrophy are well
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Dihydroartemisinin Ameliorates Decreased Neuroplasticity-Associated Proteins and Excessive Neuronal Apoptosis in APP/PS1 Mice Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Yueyang Zhao, Zhimin Long, Yuanjie Liu, Min Luo, Yu Qiu, Nur F.B. Idris, Aijia Song, Kejian Wang and Guiqiong He
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the worst neurodegenerative disorders worldwide, with extracellular senile plaques (SP), subsequent intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and final neuron loss and synaptic dysfunction as the main pathological characteristics. Excessive apoptosis is the main cause of irreversible neuron loss. Thus, therapeutic intervention for these pathological
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A Comprehensive Analysis of Unique and Recurrent Copy Number Variations in Alzheimer’s Disease and its Related Disorders Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Fadia El Bitar, Nourah Al Sudairy, Najeeb Qadi, Saad Al Rajeh, Fatimah Alghamdi, Hala Al Amari, Ghadeer Al Dawsari, Sahar Alsubaie, Mishael Al Sudairi, Sara Abdulaziz and Nada Al Tassan
Background: Copy number variations (CNVs) play an important role in the genetic etiology of various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and major depressive disorder (MDD) were shown to have share mechanisms and signaling pathways with AD. Objective: We aimed to assess CNVs regions that may harbor genes contributing to AD, T2DM, and MDD in 67
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Directed Network Defects in Alzheimer's Disease Using Granger Causality and Graph Theory Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Man Sun, Hua Xie and Yan Tang
Background: Few works studied the directed whole-brain interaction between different brain regions of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, we investigated the whole-brain effective connectivity and studied the graph metrics associated with AD. Methods: Large-scale Granger causality analysis was conducted to explore abnormal whole-brain effective connectivity of patients with AD. Moreover, graph-theoretical
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Different Morphology of Neuritic Plaques in the Archicortex of Alzheimer’s Disease with Comorbid Synucleinopathy: A Pilot Study Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Nikol Jankovska, Tomas Olejar, Jaromir Kukal and Radoslav Matej
Background: Bulbous neuritic changes in neuritic plaques have already been described, and their possible effect on the clinical course of the disease has been discussed. Objective: In our study, we focused on the location and density of these structures in patients with only Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and patients with AD in comorbidity with synucleinopathies.
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Research Progress on circRNA in Nervous System Diseases Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Nana Ma, Wei Zhang and Jun Wan
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a kind of non-coding RNA molecule with highly stable circular structures. CircRNAs are primarily composed of exons and/or introns. Recently, a lot of exciting studies showed that circRNA played an essential role in the development of nervous system diseases. Here, classification, characteristics, biogenesis, and the association of circRNA dysregulation with nervous system
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PET-Amyloid After Inconclusive Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Clinical Practice. Is it Necessary to Duplicate Procedures? Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Ismael Carrera-Muñoz, Lucía Triguero-Cueva, Juan C. Romero-Fábrega, Eva M. Triviño-Ibáñez, Rosa Vilchez-Carrillo, Cristóbal Carnero-Pardo and Manuel Gómez-Río
Introduction: In the absence of a gold standard for in vivo Alzheimer disease (AD) diagnosis, AD biomarkers such as cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers (CSF-B) and PET-Amyloid are considered diagnostically useful in clinical practice guidelines and have consensual appropriate use criteria (AUC). However, little evidence has been published on their utilization in the clinical setting or on approaches to
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Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood CX3CL1 as a Potential Biomarker in Early Diagnosis and Prognosis of Dementia Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Agnieszka Kulczyńska-Przybik, Agnieszka Słowik, Piotr Mroczko, Bartłomiej Borawski, Magdalena Groblewska, Renata Borawska and Barbara Mroczko
Background: A growing body of evidence highlights the crucial role of neuroinflammation and chemokine involvement in cognitive impairment pathophysiology. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) appears to be a relevant causative factor in the development of dementia, particularly at the early stages of the disease. However, limited data are available on the levels of CX3CL1 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood
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Targeting Pathological Amyloid Aggregates with Conformation-Sensitive Antibodies Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Alessandra Bigi, Gilda Loffredo, Roberta Cascella and Cristina Cecchi
Background: The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not directly caused by the presence of senile plaques but rather by the detrimental effects exerted on neuronal cells by toxic soluble oligomers. Such species are formed early during the aggregation process of the Aβ1-42 peptide or can be released from mature fibrils. Nowadays, efficient tools for an early diagnosis, as well as pharmaceutical
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Curcumin Prevents Neuroinflammation by Inducing Microglia to Transform into the M2-phenotype via CaMKKβ-dependent Activation of the AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Signal Pathway Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Peifeng Qiao, Jingxi Ma, Yangyang Wang, Zhenting Huang, Qian Zou, Zhiyou Cai and Yong Tang
Background: Neuroinflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiological process of various neurodegenerative diseases. It is well known that curcumin has obvious anti-inflammatory effects in various neuroinflammation models. However, its effect on the modulation of microglial polarization is largely unknown. Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether curcumin changed microglia to an
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A Urinary Metabolomics Analysis Based on UPLC-MS and Effects of Moxibustion in APP/PS1 Mice Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Rui He, Juntian Liu, Chang Huang, Jinyi Liu, Herong Cui and Baixiao Zhao
Objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder with the symptoms of cognitive impairment and decreased learning and memory abilities. Metabolomics can reflect the related functional status and physiological and pathological changes in the process of AD. Moxibustion is a unique method in traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used in the treatment and prevention of
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APOE Genotypes and Brain Imaging Classes in Normal Cognition, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Longitudinal Study Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 Cecilia Camarda, Paola Torelli , Carmela Pipia, Gianluca Sottile, Giovanna Cilluffo and Rosolino Camarda
Objective: To evaluate in 419 stroke-free cognitively normal subjects (CN) aged 45-82 years covering during a long prospective study (11.54 ± 1.47 years) the preclinical to dementia spectrum: 1) the distribution of small vessel disease (V) and brain atrophy (A) aggregated as following: V−/A−, V−/A+, V+/A−, V+/A+; 2) the relationship of these imaging classes with individual apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes;
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A Cationic Gallium Phthalocyanine Inhibits Amyloid β Peptide Fibril Formation Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-31 Shatera Tabassum, Abdullah Md. Sheikh, Shozo Yano, Takahisa Ikeue, Shingo Mitaki, Makoto Michikawa and Atsushi Nagai
Background: Amyloid β (Aβ) peptide deposition is considered as the main cause of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previously, we have shown that a Zn containing neutral phthalocyanine (Zn-Pc) inhibits Aβ fibril formation. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of a cationic gallium containing Pc (GaCl-Pc) on Aβ fibril formation process. Methods and Result: Aβ fibril formation
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Investigation of Low Dose Cabazitaxel Potential as Microtubule Stabilizer in Experimental Model of Alzheimer's Disease: Restoring Neuronal Cytoskeleton Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-31 Pallavi Duggal, Kuldeep S. Jadaun, Ehraz M. Siqqiqui and Sidharth Mehan
Background: Neuronal Microtubule (MT) tau protein, providing cytoskeleton to neuronal cells, plays a vital role, including maintenance of cell shape, intracellular transport, and cell division. Tau hyperphosphorylation mediated MT destabilization results in axonopathy, additionally neurotransmitter deficit and ultimately causing Alzheimer's disease. Pre-clinically, streptozotocin (3mg/kg, 10μl/ unilateral
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Alterations in Mitochondrial Dynamic-related Genes in the Peripheral Blood of Alzheimer’s Disease Patients Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-31 Nattaporn Pakpian, Kamonrat Phopin, Kuntida Kitidee, Piyarat Govitrapong and Prapimpun Wongchitrat
Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction is a pathological feature that manifests early in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The disruption of mitochondrial dynamics contributes to mitochondrial morphological and functional impairments. Our previous study demonstrated that the expression of genes involved in amyloid beta generation was altered in the peripheral blood of AD patients
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Hypoxic Preconditioning Ameliorates Amyloid-β Pathology and Longterm Cognitive Decline in AβPP/PS1 Transgenic Mice Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-31 Jian Zhang, Ji Zhang, Xiao-Jia Li, Jun Xiao and Fang Ye
Background and Objective: Hypoxic Preconditioning (HPC) has been well established to trigger endogenous mechanisms of neuroprotection basing on models of hypoxic and ischemic diseases in the Central Nervous System (CNS). However, its effects against Alzheimer's Disease (AD) still lack substantial evidence and in-depth exploration. The present study aimed to investigate the impacts of HPC on AD-related
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Modelling Decline in Cognition to Decline in Function in Alzheimer’s Disease Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-31 Helene Karcher, Marina Savelieva, Luyuan Qi, Noemi Hummel, Angelika Caputo, Valery Risson, Gorana Capkun and Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate and quantify the temporal link between cognitive and functional decline, and assess the impact of the apolipoprotein E4 (APOE-e4) genotype on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. Methods: A nonlinear mixed-effects Emax model was developed using longitudinal data from 659 patients with dementia due to AD sourced from the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative
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Automatic Assessment of Cognitive Tests for Differentiating Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Proof of Concept Study of the Digit Span Task Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-31 Meysam Asgari, Robert Gale, Katherine Wild, Hiroko Dodge and Jeffrey Kaye
Background: Current conventional cognitive assessments are limited in their efficiency and sensitivity, often relying on a single score such as the total correct items. Typically, multiple features of response go uncaptured. Objectives: We aim to explore a new set of automatically derived features from the Digit Span (DS) task that address some of the drawbacks in the conventional scoring and are also
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The Association between Polygenic Hazard and Markers of Alzheimer’s Disease Following Stratification for APOE Genotype Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-31 Matteo De Marco, Riccardo Manca, Janine Kirby, Guillaume M. Hautbergue, Daniel J. Blackburn, Stephen B. Wharton, Annalena Venneri and Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Background: Research indicates that polygenic indices of risk of Alzheimer’s disease are linked to clinical profiles. Objective: Given the “genetic centrality” of the APOE gene, we tested whether this held true for both APOE-ε4 carriers and non-carriers. Methods: A polygenic hazard score (PHS) was extracted from 784 non-demented participants recruited in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
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Impaired Cognitive Function is Associated with Motor Function and Activities of Daily Living in Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Dementia. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-31 GyuChang Lee
Background: The deterioration of cognitive and motor functions and activities of daily living is common in Alzheimer's dementia. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation and the strength of the relationship between cognitive function and motor function and activities of daily living after a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease dementia. Methods: Sixty-three patients with
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The Parietal Atrophy Score on brain magnetic resonance imaging is a reliable visual scale. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 David Silhan,Ales Bartos,Jana Mrzilkova,Olga Pashkovska,Ibrahim Ibrahim,Jaroslav Tintera
Aims: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the reliability of our new visual scale for a quick atrophy assessment of parietal lobes on brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) among different professionals. A good agreement would justify its use for differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative dementias, especially early-onset Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), in clinical settings. Methods: The visual scale
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Understanding the Obstacles to Uptake of Intervention Programmes and Services for Persons with Dementia. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 Ha Ngoc Huong Lien,Emily Jiali Koh,Philip Lin Kiat Yap
Background: Utilisation of intervention programmes and services for Persons with Dementia (PWD) has been generally modest despite the growing numbers. One reason has been the lack of knowledge about dementia and information on such services. Objective: We sought to close this gap by providing caregivers with an information session about dementia and the importance and availability of related services
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A Conceptual Framework for Research on Cognitive Impairment with no Dementia in Memory Clinic. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 Lin Huang,Keliang Chen,Zhao Liu,Qihao Guo
Background: Identifying and classifying individuals with Cognitive Impairment-No Dementia (CIND) has further challenged diagnostic methods, since varying the cutoffs for objective impairment as well as the neuropsychological tests considered can significantly affect diagnosis. Therefore, we investigated the applicability of an actuarial neuropsychological approach for clinical subdivision of CIND and
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Self-defining Memories and their Contribution to the Sense of Self in Alzheimer's Disease. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 Mohamad El Haj,Philippe Allain
Aims: Unlike autobiographical memory (i.e., memory for personal information) in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), little is known about Self-Defining Memories (SDM) (i.e., memories of highly significant personal events) in AD. Methods: The characteristics of self-defining memories in AD were evaluated by analyzing their specificity, emotional valence, and integration, as well as their centrality and contribution
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IncRNA Xist, X- chromosome Instability and Alzheimer's disease. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 Kaushik Chanda,Debashis Mukhopadhyay
Neurodegenerative Diseases (NDD) are the major contributors to age-related causes of mental disability on a global scale. Most NDDs, like Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), are complex in nature - implying that they are multi-parametric both in terms of heterogeneous clinical outcomes and underlying molecular paradigms. Emerging evidence from high throughput genomic, transcriptomic and small RNA sequencing
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The Effect of Spinal Cord Injury on Beta-Amyloid Plaque Pathology in TgCRND8 Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 Qiuju Yuan,Jian Yang,Yan-Fang Xian,Rong Liu,Chun Wai Chan,Wutian Wu,Zhi-Xiu Lin
Background: The accumulation and aggregation of Aβ as amyloid plaques, the hallmark pathology of the Alzheimers disease, has been found in other neurological disorders, such as traumatic brain injury. The axonal injury may contribute to the formation of Aβ plaques. Studies to date have focused on the brain, with no investigations of spinal cord, although brain and cord share the same cellular components
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Association between matrix metalloproteinases, their tissue inhibitor, and white matter lesions in mild cognitive impairment. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 Noriyuki Kimura,Miki Aikawa,Kasumi Etou,Yasuhiro Aso,Etsuro Matsubara
Background: White matter lesions are frequently found in mild cognitive impairments and Alzheimer’s disease. Matrix metalloproteinases and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases are implicated in amyloid-β catabolism and blood brain barrier permeability. However, it remains unclear whether they are associated with white matter lesions in Alzheimer’s disease. Objective: The aim of this study was
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Association of Circulating Cholesterol Level with Cognitive Function and Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly: A Community-based Population Study. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 Yujie Guo,Pengfei Li,Xiaojun Ma,Xiaochen Huang,Zhuoheng Liu,Xiuwen Ren,Yuhui Yang,Nicholas Van Halm-Lutterodt,Linhong Yuan
Background: The present study was designed to examine the association of circulating cholesterol with cognitive function in non-demented community aging adults. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 1754 Chinese adults aged 55-80 years. The association between serum cholesterol levels and cognitive function was examined. Participants were categorized into four groups according to the
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Exploring Shared Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus via Co-expression Networks Analysis. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 Yukun Zhu,Xuelu Ding,Zhaoyuan She,Xue Bai,Ziyang Nie,Feng Wang,Fei Wang,Xin Geng
Background: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) have an increased incidence in modern society. Although increasing evidence has supported the close linkage between these two disorders, the inter-relational mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. Objective: The primary purpose of this study is to explore the shared pathophysiological mechanisms of AD and T2DM. Methods: We
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Presenilin 1 and APP Gene Mutations in Early-Onset AD Families from a Southeast Region of China. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-05-01 Jiajia Zhou,Yi Chen,Fanxia Meng,Kan Zhang,Xiaoyan Liu,Guoping Peng
Background: Early-Onset Familial Alzheimer’s Disease (EOFAD) has been reported to be associated with Presenilin 1 (PSEN1), Presenilin 2 (PSEN2), and Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) genes. The spectrum of mutations in Chinese patients with EOFAD was rarely investigated. Objective: To investigate the spectrum of mutations in patients with EOFAD in Chinese population. Methods: We performed whole-exome
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Identification of a Pathogenic PSEN1 Ala285Val Mutation Associated with Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Van Giau Vo,Jung-Min Pyun,Eva Bagyinszky,Seong S A An,Sang Y Kim
Background: Presenilin 1 (PSEN1) was suggested as the most common causative gene of early onset Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Methods: Patient who presented progressive memory decline in her 40s was enrolled in this study. A broad battery of neuropsychological tests and neuroimaging was applied to make the diagnosis. Genetic tests were performed in the patient to evaluate possible mutations using whole
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The Relationship between Social Cognition and Executive Functions in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Tatiana T B A Dos Santos,Raquel L S de Carvalho,Marcela Nogueira,Maria A T Baptista,Nathália Kimura,Isabel B Lacerda,Marcia C N Dourado
Introduction: Social Cognition (SC) is a complex construct that reflects a wide variety of implicit and explicit cognitive processes. Many neurocognitive domains are associated with SC and the Executive Function (EF) is the most representative one. We conducted a systematic review aiming at clarifying whether SC impairments are associated with dysfunction on EF in people with Alzheimer Disease (AD)
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Accuracy of Telephone-Based Cognitive Screening Tests: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Emma Elliott,Claire Green,David J Llewellyn,Terence J Quinn
Background: Telephone-based cognitive assessments may be preferable to in-person testing in terms of test burden, economic and opportunity cost. Objective: We sought to determine the accuracy of telephone-based screening for the identification of dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Methods: Five multidisciplinary databases were searched. Two researchers independently screened articles and
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Evaluation and Prediction of Early Alzheimer's Disease Using a Machine Learning-based Optimized Combination-Feature Set on Gray Matter Volume and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Hyug-Gi Kim,Soonchan Park,Hak Y Rhee,Kyung M Lee,Chang-Woo Ryu,Soo Y Lee,Eui J Kim,Yi Wang,Geon-Ho Jahng
Background: Because Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) has very complicated pattern changes, it is difficult to evaluate it with a specific factor. Recently, novel machine learning methods have been applied to solve limitations. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the approach of classification and prediction methods using the Machine Learning (ML)-based Optimized Combination-Feature (OCF)
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Neuroimaging Outcomes in Studies of Cognitive Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Lucy Beishon,Kannakorn Intharakham,David Swienton,Ronney B Panerai,Thompson G Robinson,Victoria J Haunton
Background: Cognitive Training (CT) has demonstrated some benefits to cognitive and psychosocial function in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and early dementia, but the certainty related to those findings remains unclear. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms by which CT improves cognitive functioning may help to understand the relationships between CT and cognitive function. The purpose of this
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Melatonin Prevents Neddylation Dysfunction in Aβ42-Exposed SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells by Regulating the Amyloid Precursor Protein- Binding Protein 1 Pathway. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Mayuri Shukla,Vorapin Chinchalongporn,Piyarat Govitrapong
Background: Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP)-Binding Protein 1 (APP-BP1) is a crucial regulator of many key signaling pathways and functions mainly as a scaffold protein to enhance molecular interactions and facilitate catalytic reactions. The interaction of APP-BP1 with Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) plays a role in cell cycle transit control, which determines the mechanism behind the loss of cell
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Risk Reduction and Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease: Biological Mechanisms of Diet. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Hugo McGurran,Jordan Glenn,Erica Madero,Nick Bott
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) incidence is increasing and with no disease modifying agents available, preventative measures through lifestyle factors are being investigated. Combined with the prevention of AD risk factors such as heart disease, diabetes, and with more recent evidence, microbiome dysfunction, there is a substantial foundation for diet as a modifiable risk factor and preventative measure
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Targeting Post-Translational Remodeling of Ryanodine Receptor: A New Track for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy? Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Mounia Chami,Frédéric Checler
Pathologic calcium (Ca2+) signaling linked to Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) involves the intracellular Ca2+ release channels/ryanodine receptors (RyRs). RyRs are macromolecular complexes where the protein-protein interactions between RyRs and several regulatory proteins impact the channel function. Pharmacological and genetic approaches link the destabilization of RyRs macromolecular complexes to several
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Reversal of Calcium Dysregulation as Potential Approach for Treating Alzheimer's Disease. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Elena Popugaeva,Daria Chernyuk,Ilya Bezprozvanny
Despite decades of research and effort, there is still no effective disease-modifying treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Most of the recent AD clinical trials were targeting amyloid pathway, but all these trials failed. Although amyloid pathology is a hallmark and defining feature of AD, targeting the amyloid pathway has been very challenging due to low efficacy and serious side effects. Alternative
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The Anterior-posterior Functional Connectivity Disconnection in the Elderly with Subjective Memory Impairment and Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Wuhai Tao,Jinping Sun,Xin Li,Wen Shao,Jing Pei,Caishui Yang,Wenxiao Wang,Kai Xu,Jun Wang,Zhanjun Zhang
Background: Subjective Memory Impairment (SMI) may tremendously increase the risk of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The full understanding of the neuromechanism of SMI will shed light on the early intervention of AD. Methods: In the current study, 23 Healthy Controls (HC), 22 SMI subjects and 24 amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) subjects underwent the comprehensive neuropsychological assessment
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Physical Inactivity is Liable to the Increased Cardiovascular Risk and Impaired Cognitive Profile. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Robson B Teixeira,Paulo Roberto Dos Santos Amorim,João C B Marins,Yuri de L X Martins,Samuel de Souza Magalhães Marques,Victor P R Aguiar,András Palotás,Luciana M Lima
Background: Sedentary life-style is a significant public health issue. It increases the incidence of type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), which in turn may impair physical and mental health. In fact, disrupted glucose metabolism is characteristic of Alzheimer’s dementia, and it is often dubbed as type-3 diabetes. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess
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Approaches to Optimizing Dantrolene Neuroprotection for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Matan B Abou,Liang Sun,Huafeng Wei
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder with high incidence and mortality, is leading its way to the top of the list of the deadliest diseases without an effective disease-modifying drug. Ca2+ dysregulation, specifically abnormal release of Ca2+ via over activated ryanodine receptor (RyR), has been increasingly considered as an alternative upstream mechanism in AD pathology. Consequently
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Associations of Plasma BACE1 Level and BACE1 C786G Gene Polymorphism with Cognitive Functions in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross- Sectional Study. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Sai Tian,Rong Huang,Dan Guo,Hongyan Lin,Jiaqi Wang,Ke An,Shaohua Wang
Background: β-Site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is a key enzyme involved in the pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). We aimed to investigate the potential associations of plasma BACE1 levels and BACE1 gene polymorphism with different cognitive performances in T2DM patients with MCI. Methods: The recruited 186 T2DM subjects were divided into 92 MCI
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L1CAM Beneficially Inhibits Histone Deacetylase 2 Expression under Conditions of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Chengliang Hu,Junkai Hu,Xianghe Meng,Hongli Zhang,Huifan Shen,Peizhi Huang,Melitta Schachner,Weijiang Zhao
Background: Cognitive capacities in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) are impaired by an epigenetic blockade mediated by histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), which prevents the transcription of genes that are important for synaptic plasticity. Objective: Investigation of the functional relationship between cell adhesion molecule L1 and HDAC2 in AD. Methods: Cultures of dissociated cortical and hippocampal neurons
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Mechanistic Modeling of Soluble Aβ Dynamics and Target Engagement in the Brain by Anti-Aβ mAbs in Alzheimer's Disease. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Gregory Z Ferl,Reina N Fuji,Jasvinder K Atwal,Tony Sun,Saroja Ramanujan,Angelica L Quartino
Background: Anti-amyloid-β (Aβ) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are currently in development for treating Alzheimer’s disease. Objectives: To address the complexity of Aβ target engagement profiles, improve the understanding of crenezumab Pharmacokinetics (PK) and Aβ Pharmacodynamics (PD) in the brain, and facilitate comparison of anti-Aβ therapies with different binding characteristics. Methods: A mechanistic
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Mitochondrial Calcium Signaling as a Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer's Disease. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 Aston J Wu,Benjamin C-K Tong,Alexis S Huang,Min Li,King-Ho Cheung
Mitochondria absorb calcium (Ca2+) at the expense of the electrochemical gradient generated during respiration. The influx of Ca2+ into the mitochondrial matrix helps maintain metabolic function and results in increased cytosolic Ca2+ during intracellular Ca2+ signaling. Mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis is tightly regulated by proteins located in the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes and by the
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Learning from the Past: A Review of Clinical Trials Targeting Amyloid, Tau and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Kelly Ceyzériat,Thomas Zilli,Philippe Millet,Giovanni B Frisoni,Valentina Garibotto,Benjamin B Tournier
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and cause of dementia. Characterized by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated Tau, AD pathology has been intensively studied during the last century. After a long series of failed trials of drugs targeting amyloid or Tau deposits, currently, hope lies in the positive results of one Phase III trial, highly
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Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis is Related to Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment: A Cross-sectional Study of Minor Stroke. Curr. Alzheimer Res. (IF 3.047) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Li Gong,Haichao Wang,Qiong Dong,Xiaoping Zhu,Xiaoran Zheng,Yongzhe Gu,Wangli Cai,Yanxin Zhao,Xueyuan Liu
BACKGROUND Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis (ICAS) is an important risk factor for cognitive impairment. However, it is unclear whether patients with ICAS are more likely to develop cognitive impairment after an acute, non-disabling ischemic stroke (minor stroke). OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the association between ICAS and post-stroke cognitive impairment. METHODS In this cross-sectional