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Scrapie infection and endogenous retroviral expression in sheep lymphoid tissues Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2021-01-23 M.K.F. Salamat; A. Gossner; B. Bradford; N. Hunter; J. Hopkins; F. Houston
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, or prion diseases, are fatal neurodegenerative diseases affecting humans and animals. Although many host tissues express PrPC (essential for prion replication), relatively few cell types accumulate significant levels of infectivity, including neurons and other cell types in the nervous system, and follicular dendritic cells in secondary lymphoid organs. This
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Comparative profiling of the resistance of different genotypes of mannose-binding lectin to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in Chinese Merino sheep based on high-throughput sequencing technology Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Mengting Zhu; Ying Nan; Mengting Zhai; Mingyuan Wang; Yanyan Shao; Hugh T. Blair; Stephen Todd Morris; Paul Richard Kenyon; Zongsheng Zhao; Hongmei Zhang
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) glycoproteins in blood can selectively recognise lectins on the surface of bacteria, and play an important role in natural immunity. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are key molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in vivo, and their pathways are specific and effective. Previous studies indicate that small RNAs such as miRNAs perform regulatory roles
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Lactobacillus salivarius ameliorated Mycoplasma gallisepticum-induced inflammatory injury and secondary Escherichia coli infection in chickens: involvement of intestinal microbiota Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Jian Wang; Muhammad Ishfaq; Jichang Li
Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection alone or in combination with other pathogens have brought huge economic losses to the poultry industry. The intestinal microbiota plays a critical role in host defence against respiratory infection. To explore the role of intestinal microbiota in MG-induced inflammation-mediated lung injury and secondary Escherichia coli infection, MG infection model and fecal
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Myeloid-like γδ T cell subset in the immune response to an experimental Rift Valley fever vaccine in sheep Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Maxim Lebedev; Bonto Faburay; Juergen A. Richt; Alan Young
γδ T cells are a numerically significant subset of immune cells in ruminants, where they may comprise up to 70 % of all peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in young animals and 25 % in adults. These cells can be activated through traditional TCR-dependent mechanisms, or alternatively in a TCR-independent manner by pattern recognition receptors and have been shown to uptake antigen, as well as
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Association of metabolic markers with neutrophil function in healthy postpartum dairy cows Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-12-31 O. Bogado Pascottini; T.C. Bruinjé; R. Couto Serrenho; B. Mion; S.J. LeBlanc
The objective of this study was to evaluate the associations of serum markers for systemic inflammation, liver, mineral, and energy status, and blood neutrophil counts with the function of circulating neutrophils in postpartum dairy cows. Blood samples were collected from 21 healthy Holstein cows at 5, 10, 14, and 21 d postpartum. Serum samples were used to measure concentrations of total calcium,
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Transcriptional response of blood leukocytes from turkeys challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium UK1 Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-12-25 Melissa S. Monson; Bradley L. Bearson; Matthew J. Sylte; Torey Looft; Susan J. Lamont; Shawn M.D. Bearson
Non-typhoidal Salmonella is one of the most common causes of bacterial foodborne disease and consumption of contaminated poultry products, including turkey, is one source of exposure. Minimizing Salmonella colonization of commercial turkeys could decrease the incidence of Salmonella-associated human foodborne illness. Understanding host responses to these bacteria is critical in developing strategies
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HSP110 expression in canine mammary gland tumor and its correlation with histopathological classification and grade Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-12-22 Satoru Okada; Masaru Furuya; Ayano Fukui-Kaneshige; Hitoshi Nakanishi; Hiroyuki Tani; Kazumi Sasai
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play critical roles as molecular chaperones, thereby promoting cellular homeostasis. HSPs are overexpressed in many types of human tumors and their serum concentration is elevated in cancer patients. Recent studies have suggested that HSPs may promote tumorigenesis via interactions with tumor-related proteins. There are only a few studies that address the expression of HSPs
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Canine osteosarcoma checkpoint expression correlates with metastasis and T-cell infiltrate Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-12-15 Matthew J. Cascio; Elizabeth M. Whitley; Bikash Sahay; Galaxia Cortes-Hinojosa; Lung-Ji Chang; Jonathan Cowart; Marc Salute; Elias Sayour; Michael Dark; Zachary Sandoval; Duane A. Mitchell; Rowan J. Milner
Background Immune-targeted therapies are being successfully implemented into cancer clinical practice. In particular checkpoint inhibitors are employed to modulate the immune microenvironment of solid tumors. We sought to determine the expression of PD-L1, HVEM, and B7H3 in human and canine osteosarcoma, and correlate expression with clinical features and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in naturally-occurring
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Immune responses induced by inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine in neonatal pigs using different adjuvants Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-12-15 Sandra Vreman; Norbert Stockhofe-Zurwieden; Ditta J. Popma-de Graaf; Huub F.J. Savelkoul; C. Barnier-Quer; N. Collin; Damien Collins; Dennis McDaid; Anne C. Moore; Johanna M.J. Rebel
Vaccination of neonatal pigs could be supportive to prevent porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which is an important porcine pathogen causing worldwide welfare and health problems in pigs of different age classes. However, neonatal immunity substantially differs to adults, thus different vaccines may be required in neonateal pigs. We examined if the immunogenicity and efficacy
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Cytokine biomarker discovery in the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-12-14 Josephine Chileshe; Tanya J. Kerr; Craig Kinnear; Peter E. Buss; Paul D. van Helden; Robin M. Warren; Michele A. Miller; Sven D.C. Parsons
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) infection, disrupts conservation programs of threatened species such as the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum). Interferon gamma release assays have been developed for the diagnosis of M. bovis infection in rhinoceros, however, the discovery of additional diagnostic biomarkers might improve the accuracy of case detection. The aim
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Transcriptome analysis of Mycoplasma bovis stimulated bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-12-05 Satoshi Gondaira; Koji Nishi; Hidetomo Iwano; Jumpei Fujiki; Reina Watanabe; Ayako Eguchi; Yuki Hirano; Hidetoshi Higuchi; Hajime Nagahata
Mycoplasma bovis is a pathogenic bacterium in bovines that causes huge global economic losses. Numerous factors play important roles in M. bovis pathogenesis; however, the host immune response involved in M. bovis infection has not been fully elucidated. We aimed to determine the characteristics of the host immune response to Mycoplasma infection. We evaluated the responsiveness of bovine peripheral
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Characterization of a variant CD4 molecule in Japanese Black cattle Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-12-07 Yuko Kato-Mori; Taku Okamura; Norihito Kawashita; Katsuro Hagiwara
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that recognize cluster of differentiation (CD) molecules on lymphocytes are useful tools for the study of different lymphocyte subsets in flow cytometry (FCM) analysis. CD4 is a glycoprotein found on the surfaces of helper T cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. In this study, we describe Japanese Black (JB) calves in a farm whose peripheral blood mononuclear
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Clinical and immunological responses in sheep after inoculation with Himar1-transformed Anaplasma phagocytophilum and subsequent challenge with a virulent strain of the bacterium Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-12-02 Sveinung Eskeland; Snorre Stuen; Ulrike G. Munderloh; Anthony Barbet; Liliana Crosby; Kari Lybeck; Peter Wilhelmsson; Per-Eric Lindgren; Shokouh Makvandi-Nejad; Stig Tollefsen; Erik G. Granquist
In Norway, the tick-transmitted bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum is estimated to cause tick-borne fever (TBF) in 300 000 lambs on pastures each year, resulting in economic and animal welfare consequences. Today, prophylactic measures mainly involve the use of acaricides, but a vaccine has been requested by farmers and veterinarians for decades. Several attempts have been made to produce a vaccine
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Analysis of canine myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) utilizing fluorescence-activated cell sorting, RNA protection mediums to yield quality RNA for single-cell RNA sequencing Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-11-07 K. Jackson; R.J. Milner; A. Doty; S. Hutchison; G. Cortes-Hinojosa; A. Riva; B. Sahay; A. Lejeune; S. Bechtel
Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) is a branch of flow cytometry that allows for the isolation of specific cell populations that can then be further analyzed by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). When utilizing FACS for population isolation prior to sequencing, it is essential to consider the protection of RNA from RNase activity, environmental conditions, and the sorting efficiency to
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Strong antibody responses to Mycobacterium bovis infection in domestic pigs and potential for reliable serodiagnostics Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-11-19 Archana A. Sridhara; Ashley Johnathan-Lee; Rubyat Elahi; Maria A. Risalde; Christian Gortazar; W. Ray Waters; Konstantin P. Lyashchenko; Michele A. Miller
Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis), the main cause of animal tuberculosis (TB), can infect a wide variety of domestic and wild animal species, including suids. Suids may serve as reservoir hosts or disease sentinels in different scenarios. Accurate detection of M. bovis infection in pigs is important for TB control programs. Although previous studies have shown the value of serological assays for screening
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Optimized interferon-gamma release assays for detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection in African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer) Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-11-19 Katrin Smith; Netanya Bernitz; Samantha Goldswain; David V. Cooper; Robin M. Warren; Wynand J. Goosen; Michele A. Miller
The African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is an economically and ecologically important wildlife species in South Africa; it is also a primary wildlife maintenance host of Mycobacterium bovis. Accurate and early detection of M. bovis infection in buffaloes is important for controlling transmission. Assays that detect cell-mediated immune responses to M. bovis in buffaloes have been developed although these
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Ectodomain shedding by ADAM17 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17) in canine neutrophils Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-11-17 Kristin M. Snyder; Camille A. McAloney; Joshua S. Montel; Jaime F. Modiano; Bruce Walcheck
ADAM17 is a transmembrane protease expressed by most cells in humans and mice that cleaves cell surface substrates primarily in a cis manner, a process referred to as ectodomain shedding. ADAM17 has numerous substrates and plays a broad role in various physiological processes, including as a key regulator of inflammation. At this time, little is known about ADAM17 expression and function in dogs. A
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Transcriptome analysis of pig macrophages expressing porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus non-structural protein 1 Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-11-18 In-Byung Park; Yong-Chan Choi; Kyung-Tai Lee; Taehoon Chun
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a causative pathogen of PRRS, one of the most economically disastrous swine diseases. Non-structural protein 1 (NSP1) of PRRSV consists of NSP1α and NSP1β which exhibit papain like cysteine protease activity. Recent evidence demonstrates that PRRSV NSP1 may be participated in modulating host immunity, but very few host proteins were discovered
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Development of A recombinant nucleocapsid based indirect ELISA for the detection of antibodies to avian metapneumovirus subtypes, A, B, and C Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-11-11 Wanhong Xu; Matthew Suderman; Janice Koziuk; Davor Ojkic; Yohannes Berhane
Nucleocapsid (N) protein is the most highly expressed of all avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) viral proteins and stimulates a substantial immune response in infected animals. Codon optimized recombinant N (rec-N) protein from aMPV subtypes A, B, and C were expressed using the baculoviral expression system in Trichoplusia ni (Tni) insect cells. A mixture of purified rec-N antigens from each subtype was
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Do allogeneic bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells diminish the inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide infusion in horses? A pilot study Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-11-02 Isabelle Kilcoyne; Jorge E. Nieto; Johanna L. Watson; Larry D. Galuppo; Dori L. Borjesson
Endotoxemia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the equine industry, with colic being the most common cause of endotoxemia in horses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and potential efficacy of a single dose of allogeneic equine bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in horses after the IV administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Six horses were administered
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Use of the MILLIPLEX® bovine cytokine/chemokine multiplex assay to identify Mycobacterium bovis-infection biomarkers in African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer) Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-11-11 Katrin Smith; Léanie Kleynhans; Candice Snyders; Netanya Bernitz; David Cooper; Paul van Helden; Robin M. Warren; Michele A. Miller; Wynand J. Goosen
As a recognized Mycobacterium bovis maintenance host, the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) poses transmission risks to livestock, humans and other wildlife. Early detection of M. bovis infection is critical for limiting its spread. Currently, tests detecting cell-mediated immune responses are used for diagnosis in buffaloes. However, these may have suboptimal sensitivity or specificity, depending
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Identification of secreted and cellular antigens of Staphylococcus aureus causing dairy sheep mastitis and their potential for vaccine development Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-11-06 Carla Maria Longheu; Elisa Azara; Gavino Marogna; Maria Filippa Addis; Sebastiana Tola
Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of clinical mastitis and is associated with persistent subclinical infections in ewes, significantly compromising the quality and quantity of milk productions. To date, vaccines intended for use in sheep have been mainly focused on biofilm production traits, but many S. aureus pathogenic isolates do not produce biofilm, including those circulating in Sardinia
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A further investigation of the leishmaniosis outbreak in Madrid (Spain): low-infectivity phenotype of the Leishmania infantum BOS1FL1 isolate to establish infection in canine cells Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-11-07 Alicia Mas; Abel Martínez-Rodrigo; Jose Antonio Orden; Luis Miguel Viñals; Gustavo Domínguez-Bernal; Javier Carrión
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Presence of the house dust mite allergen in the gastrointestinal tract of dogs with chronic enteropathy: a potential inducer of interleukin-1β Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-11-06 Kaho Takahashi; Nanako Yanuma; Marin Hirokawa; Masaki Miyajima; Misato Ogawa; Hironari Osada; Koji Sugita; Hirotaka Kondo; Keitaro Ohmori
House dust mite (HDM) is an environmental allergen ubiquitously present indoors, causing allergic inflammation in dogs. However, it is unclear whether HDM allergens can be detected in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of dogs. In addition, although expression of interleukin (IL)-1β is increased in the intestinal mucosa of dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE), the role of HDM allergens in the production
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Interferon lambda protects cattle against bovine viral diarrhea virus infection Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-11-04 María Eugenia Quintana; Nancy Patricia Cardoso; Rodrigo Pereyra; Lucas José Barone; Florencia Mariel Barrionuevo; Florencia Celeste Mansilla; Cecilia Soledad Turco; Alejandra Victoria Capozzo
Interferon lambda (IFN-λ) plays an important role in inducing an antiviral state in mucosal surfaces and has been used as an effective biotherapeutic against several viral diseases. Here we performed a proof of concept study on the activity of a biologically active recombinant bovine IFN-λ (rIFN-λ) produced in eukaryotic cells against Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) in cattle. We first confirmed
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Assay to compare cell- and antibody-mediated immune responses in domestic sheep and goats Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-09-22 Maria K. Herndon; Stephen N. White; Michelle R. Mousel
Assessment of immune fitness is valuable in many aspects of livestock management and research. Determining immune consequences of selection for increased disease resistance or inhabiting various environments or climates can lead to different management decisions. The ability to measure immune responses due to different diets, pregnancy status, or aging will increase insight about how these factors
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Optimized in vitro isolation of different subpopulation of immune cells from peripheral blood and comparative techniques for generation of monocyte-derived macrophages in small ruminants Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-10-16 Noive Arteche-Villasol; Julio Benavides; Jose Espinosa; Raquel Vallejo; Marcos Royo; María del Carmen Ferreras; Valentín Pérez; Daniel Gutiérrez-Expósito
Peripheral blood from healthy sheep (n = 3) and goats (n = 3) were employed to establish an efficient method for simultaneous isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and neutrophils and to standardize protocols for monocyte purification and generation of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). In both species, a significantly enriched population of PBMCs, with higher purity and number
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A polymorphic CD4 epitope related to increased susceptibility to Babesia bovis in Canchim calves Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-10-15 Cintia Hiromi Okino; César Cristiano Bassetto; Rodrigo Giglioti; Pamella Cristini Silva; Maria Fernanda Tonelli; Cintia Righetti Marcondes; Henrique Nunes de Oliveira; Márcia Cristina de Sena Oliveira
Different allelic forms of bovine CD4 were previously described in cattle and were also observed in Canchim calves examined in the present experiment. However, the functional relevance of these different CD4 phenotypes has not yet been investigated. CD4 + T helper cells are known to play a central role in immune control against Babesia bovis infection. Thus, our study aimed to compare the profiles
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Increased programmed death ligand (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) expression is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in malignant canine mammary gland tumours Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 Harsha Ariyarathna; Neroli A Thomson; Danielle Aberdein; Matthew R Perrott; John S Munday
Aberrant expression of immune check point molecules, programmed death ligand (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) has been reported in many human cancers with increased protein and gene expression correlated with an aggressive behaviour in some neoplasms. Additionally, PD-L1 blockade has been shown to be an effective therapy for some human cancers. Canine mammary gland tumours have
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Identification of a novel epitope specific for Gp85 protein of avian leukosis virus subgroup K Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 Xueyang Chen; Houkun Wang; Xiaowei Fang; Keli Gao; Chun Fang; Yufang Gu; Yulong Gao; Xiaomei Wang; Hongsheng Huang; Xiongyan Liang; Yuying Yang
During the past two decades, avian leukosis virus (ALV) caused tremendous economic losses to poultry industry in China. ALV-K as a newly found subgroup in recent years, which made the control and eradication of ALV more difficult as they were originated from the recombination of different subgroups. To date, specific rapid detection methods refer to ALV-K are still missing. Gp85 is the main structural
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Inverted CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio in Boran (Bos indicus) cattle Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 Maurine C. Makau; Jessica Powell; James Prendergast; Perle Latré de Laté; Liam J. Morrison; Andressa Fisch; Peter Gathura; Phillip Kitala; Timothy Connelley; Philip Toye
The CD4+/CD8+ ratio is used as a marker of the immune regulation of T cell balance. When the ratio in peripheral blood is less than 1, this is considered an indication of immune suppression in an individual. Previous work on bovine Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) has consistently reported a ratio ≥1 as seen in other mammalian hosts, i.e. higher circulating CD4+ cell numbers than CD8+ cell
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A respiratory commensal bacterium acts as a risk factor for Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection in chickens Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-10-07 Jian Wang; Muhammad Ishfaq; Qianqian Fan; Chunli Chen; Jichang Li
Commensal microbiota has been shown to play an important role in local infections. However, the correlation between host respiratory microbiota and Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection is not well characterized. Here, the results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that MG infection correlated with alteration in respiratory microbiota of chickens characterized by decreased richness and diversity. To explore
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A spraying applicator device is not required for efficacy of a live intranasal respiratory vaccine in young calves, which improves user convenience Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-10-07 Piet Nuijten; Jeroen van der Loop; Mark van Rooij; Birgit Makoschey; Geert Vertenten
Almost all bovine intranasal respiratory vaccines require a spraying device, but there are no published reports which prove the necessity of this. The objective of this investigation was to compare the efficacy of the Bovilis® INtranasal RSP™ Live vaccine when applied with or without an (intra)nasal spraying device. This vaccine contains live, attenuated strains of bovine respiratory syncytial virus
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Choice of immunoassay to evaluate porcine cytokine levels Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 Nora L. Ueland; Judith K. Ludvigsen; Bernt C. Hellerud; Tom E. Mollnes; Espen W. Skjeflo
Background In order to adequately monitor cytokines in experimental models, currently available methods and commercially available kits should be compared. Aim To compare the plasma and tissue concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF as a measure of systemic inflammation in septic pigs. Methods Cytokines were quantified from blood and tissue samples obtained at 0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 min
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Involvement of hemostasis in pathophysiology of RAO in horses Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 Aleksandra Pliszczak-Król; Marianna Gemra; Roland Kozdrowski; Dariusz Zalewski; Alicja Iwaszko
Recurrent Airway Obstruction (RAO), also called severe asthma or heaves, is a chronic disease in adult horses caused by aeroallergens from straw or hay. Disturbances in hemostasis (intensified coagulation and depressed fibrinolysis) are considered one of the prominent reasons of inflammatory process, injury and dysfunction of the lungs. The aim of the study was to evaluate chosen parameters of hemostasis
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Development of antigen sandwich ELISA to detect interferon-alpha (IFN-α) using monoclonal antibodies in chicken Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-09-17 Youngsub Lee; Woo H. Kim; Hyun S. Lillehoj
Interferon alpha (IFN-α) belongs to the type I interferon family which mediates an early innate immune response to viral infections. In the present study, we developed sandwich ELISA using specific mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to measure IFN-α production in chickens. Recombinant chicken IFN-α (chIFN-α) expressed in yeast were purchased from Kingfisher Biotech, and used to immunize the mice. Five
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Expression analysis of protease-activated receptor-2 in cats. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-08-31 Aki Iio,Kenjiro Kaji,Noriyuki Kaji,Masatoshi Hori,Tomohiro Yonezawa,Yasuyuki Momoi,Shingo Maeda
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common disease in geriatric cats. Despite its high prevalence, the pathogenesis of feline CKD is poorly understood. Recently, there has been increasing evidence for the role of protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) in the progression of CKD in humans and rodents. However, the role of PAR-2 in feline CKD has not been evaluated. In this study, we determined nucleotide
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Prospecting potential links between PRRSV infection susceptibility of alveolar macrophages and other respiratory infectious agents present in conventionally reared pigs. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-08-29 L Museau,C Hervet,G Saade,D Menard,C Belloc,F Meurens,N Bertho
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the main component of the porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC), which strongly impact the pig production. Although PRRSV is often considered as a primary infection that eases subsequent respiratory coinfections, the possibility that other PRDC components may facilitate PRRSV infection has been largely overlooked. The main cellular
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Development of a flow cytometry assay for bovine interleukin-2 and its preliminary application in bovine tuberculosis detection. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-08-21 Aihong Xia,Zhengzhong Xu,Ting Hu,Xin Li,Zhaocheng Zhu,Xiang Chen,Xinan Jiao
Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB), poses a risk of infection for livestock, humans, and wildlife. An interferon (IFN)-γ release assay has been used with tuberculin skin tests to detect bTB; however, infected animals may still be missed. Previous studies have suggested that bovine interleukin-2 (BoIL-2) may act as a potential biological marker for the diagnosis of
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Acute phase proteins and markers of oxidative status in water buffalos during the transition from late pregnancy to early lactation. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-08-23 Helga Sauerwein,Thomas Blees,Valentina Zamarian,Carlotta Catozzi,Ute Müller,Hassan Sadri,Sven Dänicke,Jana Frahm,Fabrizio Ceciliani
The transition period, from pregnancy to lactation, implies comprehensive metabolic and endocrine changes including a systemic inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress around calving in dairy cows. The aim of the present study was a longitudinal characterization of the serum concentration of acute phase proteins (APP), i.e., haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA) and acidic glycoprotein (AGP), as
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In vitro preconditioning of equine adipose mesenchymal stem cells with prostaglandin E2, substance P and their combination changes the cellular protein secretomics and improves their immunomodulatory competence without compromising stemness. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-08-20 J Cabezas,D Rojas,Y Wong,F Telleria,J Manriquez,A C F Mançanares,L L Rodriguez-Alvarez,F O Castro
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are modern tools in regenerative therapies of humans and animals owed to their immunomodulatory properties, which are activated in a pro-inflammatory environment. Different preconditioning strategies had been devised to enhance the immunomodulatory properties of MSC. In this research, we evaluated the immunological attributes of equine adipose MSC (eAMSC) before and after
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Detection of allergen-specific antibody-secreting cells in dogs by ELISPOT. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 Michael P Pelst,Elisa Maina,Sophie Vandenabeele,Myriam Hesta,Eric Cox
Current laboratory tests are unable to distinguish healthy from allergic dogs. Unlike serum antibody responses, circulating antibody-secreting cells (ASC) are temporarily induced after each contact with the antigen. These ASC can be identified using ELISPOT and the observation of allergen-specific ASC might correlate with the causative allergens in dogs with an allergic dermatitis. In this study, blood
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Temporal dynamics of innate and adaptive immune responses in broiler birds to oral delivered chitosan nanoparticle-based Salmonella subunit antigens. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-08-17 Y Han,S Renu,J Schrock,K Y Acevedo-Villanuev,B Lester,R K Selvaraj,G J Renukaradhya
Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis, SE) infection of poultry causes a significant risk to public health through contamination of meat and eggs. Current Salmonella vaccines have failed to provide strong mucosal immunity in the intestines to reduce Salmonella shedding and food contamination. Considering the short lifespan of broilers, an easy-to-deliver, safe and effective Salmonella
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The effect of foal or adult horse plasma on equine monocyte-derived dendritic cell phenotype and function. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-07-23 Brina S Lopez,David J Hurley,Shyla Giancola,Steeve Giguère,Kelsey A Hart
Immunological and endocrine immaturity in foals increases foal morbidity and mortality from bacterial sepsis. Dendritic cells (DC) are critical in activating the adaptive immune response, but foal DC are phenotypically and functionally different than those of adult horses. Age-related variations in availability of some soluble plasma factors, such as hormones, might govern some age-related differences
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Immunohistochemical identification of T and B lymphocytes in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded chicken tissues using commercial antibodies. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-07-09 Aoi Kurokawa,Yu Yamamoto
Immunohistochemical method to detect avian lymphocytes is an efficient and reliable tool for accurate diagnosis, and immunological analysis of avian diseases. However, there are scarce studies reporting immunohistochemistry (IHC) using commercially available antibodies in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) chicken tissues. In the present study, we established an immunohistochemical method to identify
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Development and characterization of novel mouse monoclonal antibodies against chicken chemokine CC motif ligand 4. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-07-10 Mingmin Lu,Woo H Kim,Hyun S Lillehoj,Charles Li
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL) 4 is a CC chemokine subfamily member defined by the sequential positioning of conserved cysteine residues. Upon the binding of G-protein-coupled receptors on the cell surface, CCL4 mediates a diverse set of biological processes including chemotaxis, tumorigenesis, homeostasis and thymopoiesis. Although the physiological roles of mammalian CCL4s were elucidated >20
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Anatomical distribution of respiratory tract leukocyte cell subsets in neonatal calves. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-07-02 Quinn K Kolar,Lindsey A Waddell,Anna Raper,Mara S Rocchi,Darren J Shaw,Alexander Corbishley,Jayne C Hope
Neonatal calves are highly susceptible to a number of diseases including those that infect via the mucosal surfaces of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. In order to determine appropriate vaccine design and delivery systems, or to identify suitable immunostimulatory methods to combat these infections, a detailed understanding of the immune cell populations present at clinically relevant sites
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Intra-articular xenogeneic mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy increases CD4+CD25+ cells in synovial fluid. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-07-08 Kristen Lamers,Monica Baquero,Niel Karrow,Mark Hurtig
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease afflicting a substantial portion of the world’s population with no currently available cure. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies have been observed to have a mild beneficial effect in OA but the mechanism behind their action remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the lymphocytic response to a xenogeneic human umbilical cord-derived MSC-based
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Development and evaluation of a real-time PCR panel for the detection of 20 immune markers in cattle and sheep. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-07-09 Elena L Sassu,Richard T Kangethe,Tirumala Bharani K Settypalli,Tesfaye Rufael Chibssa,Giovanni Cattoli,Viskam Wijewardana
The establishment of a panel of immune markers is of paramount importance to understand the different transcription patterns of infectious diseases in livestock. The array of commercially available immunological assays for cattle and sheep is currently limited, due to the lack of antibodies for these species. Even though SYBR Green based real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) is the most commonly used method
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Serum neutralising antibody titres against a lineage 2 neuroinvasive West Nile Virus strain in response to vaccination with an inactivated lineage 1 vaccine in a European endemic area. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Orsolya Fehér,Tamás Bakonyi,Mónika Barna,Anna Nagy,Mária Takács,Ottó Szenci,Kinga Joó,Sára Sárdi,Orsolya Korbacska-Kutasi
In the last decade in Hungary and the neighbouring countries, West Nile Neuroinvasive Disease (WNND) has been caused in dramatically increasing numbers by lineage 2 West Nile Virus (WNV) strains both in horses and in humans. The disease in this geographical region is seasonal, so vaccination of horses should be carefully scheduled to maintain the highest antibody titres during outbreak periods. The
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Immune responses and clinical effects of experimental challenge of elk with Brucella abortus strain 2308. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-06-21 S C Olsen,P Boggiatto,C Kanipe
To assess the effects of challenge dose and stage of gestation on infection and abortion, 35 elk were conjunctivally challenged with virulent Brucella abortus strain 2308 (S2308) during pregnancy. Seventeen elk were experimentally challenged early in the second trimester of gestation (December) with high (approximately 108 CFU) or low challenge (approximately 107 CFU) treatments having 8 and 9 pregnant
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Supplemental dietary selenium enhances immune responses conferred by a vaccine against low pathogenicity avian influenza virus. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-06-25 Bahram Shojadoost,Khaled Taha-Abdelaziz,Tamiru Negash Alkie,Alexander Bekele-Yitbarek,Neda Barjesteh,Adrianna Laursen,Trevor K Smith,Janan Shojadoost,Shayan Sharif
Selenium is a trace mineral that has antioxidant activities and can influence the immune system. However, antiviral effects of selenium have not been well studies in chickens. Chickens were therefore fed diets supplemented with two levels of two different sources of selenium (organic: selenium enriched yeast; SEY or inorganic: sodium selenite; SS). Chickens in the control groups did not receive supplemental
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Chemokine gene expression influences metastasis and survival time of female dogs with mammary carcinoma. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-06-13 Harsha Ariyarathna,Neroli Thomson,Danielle Aberdein,John S Munday
Chemokines are signaling proteins secreted by immune cells which regulate leukocyte trafficking. The aberrant expression of chemokines and their receptors by neoplastic cells influences the behaviour of many human cancers. This study evaluated gene-expression of the chemokines: CCL5, CXCL10, CXCL12 and the chemokine receptors: CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR7, CCR4, CCR9 in 41 histologically-malignant, outcome-known
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Safety and immunomodulatory properties of equine peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells in healthy cats. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-06-11 Yves Debosschere,Eva Depuydt,Glenn Pauwelyn,Charlotte Beerts,Lore Van Hecke,Leen Verhaert,Luc Duchateau,Jimmy Saunders,Liesa Tack,Jan H Spaas
Objective Due to the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through stimulation of endogenous immune cells by paracrine signals and cell contact, they have been proposed as alternative treatment option for many inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases in veterinary medicine. However, the long-term cultivation possibilities of feline MSCs are currently compromised due to a restricted
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Impact of birth weight and neonatal nutritional interventions with micronutrients and bovine colostrum on the development of piglet immune response during the peri-weaning period. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-06-13 Luca Lo Verso,J Jacques Matte,Jérôme Lapointe,Guylaine Talbot,Nathalie Bissonnette,Mylène Blais,Frédéric Guay,Martin Lessard
Immune system development of piglets is influenced by birth weight and colostrum and milk intake. Moreover, the dam transfer to piglets of vitamins A and D and copper, which play important role in immunity, is limited during lactation. In this study, we evaluated the potential of maternal and neonatal supplementations with vitamins A and D and copper, with or without neonatal supplementation of bovine
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Comparison of serum cytokine concentrations between healthy dogs and canine osteosarcoma patients at the time of diagnosis. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-06-10 Carolina Allende,Berta Higgins,Jennifer Johns
Systemic immune responses in cancer patients are of tremendous importance, both to advance understanding of disease mechanisms and for development of new diagnostic testing. Minimal published information is available on the systemic cytokine response in canine osteosarcoma (OS) patients. The goal of this study was to investigate serum cytokine alterations present in OS patients at the time of diagnosis
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Mycoplasma bovis induces matrix metalloproteinase-3 expression in bovine synovial cells via up-regulation of interleukin-1β expression in mononuclear cells. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-05-31 Koji Nishi,Satoshi Gondaira,Mariko Okamoto,Reina Watanabe,Yuki Hirano,Jumpei Fujiki,Hidetomo Iwano,Hidetoshi Higuchi
Mycoplasma bovis causes chronic arthritis in calves, presenting as osteolysis in affected joints. Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), an enzyme involved in cartilage degradation, is produced by synovial cells. Production of this proteinase is regulated by interleukin (IL)-1β, which is produced by mononuclear cells. Both factors are known to play important roles in osteolysis in human autoimmune and
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Immunohistochemical study of morphology and distribution of CD163+ve macrophages in the normal adult equine gastrointestinal tract. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. (IF 1.713) Pub Date : 2020-05-27 Zofia M Lisowski,Kristin A Sauter,Lindsey A Waddell,David A Hume,R Scott Pirie,Neil P H Hudson