Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a crucial class of regulatory RNAs in cancer procession, including papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Circ-Pumilio 1 (circPUM1) is a novel circRNA with the oncogenic function in ovarian cancer and lung cancer. However, the role of circPUM1 in PTC is undiscovered. Objective This study was performed to investigate the biological function and molecular mechanism of

Background Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) technology has recently been introduced in research, clinical diagnostics, and forensics. MPS enables determination of the genotypes of multiple short tandem repeat (STR) markers and to determine nucleotide sequence variations, additionally. Objective To improve STR analysis and a paternity index, a new, smaller-sized STR panel was designed that includes

Background The 16q23.1 tumor suppressor gene (TSG) of ADAMTS18 has been identified to be aberrant methylated in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), and there still exists an unclear situation between its methylation and the progression of ccRCC. Objective To analyze the biological function and mechanism of ADAMTS18 gene in the tumorigenesis and progression of ccRCC. Methods We examined ADAMTS18

Background Primordial dwarfism (PD) is a group of genetically heterogeneous disorders related to developmental disabilities occurring in the uterus and prolongs during all stages of life, resulting in short stature, facial deformities and abnormal brain. Objective To determine the exact cause of the disease in two Vietnamese patients priory diagnosed with PD by severe pre-and postnatal growth retardation

Background Uncovering molecular pathogenesis and mechanisms of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) will contribute to SCLC therapy. Multiple studies demonstrated that miR-451a acts as an anti-tumor miRNA in non-small cell lung cancer. However, the mechanism of miR-451a in SCLC was ambiguous. Objective We aimed to explore the function of miR-451a in SCLC and decipher the underlying mechanisms. Methods TargetScan

Background Association mapping has been advocated as the method of choice for identifying loci involved in the inheritance of complex traits in crop species. This method involves identifying markers with significant differences in allele frequency between individuals with a phenotype of interest and a set of unrelated control individuals. Objective The purpose of our study is not only to investigate

Background Pleiotropy is a widespread phenomenon in complex human diseases. Jointly analyzing multiple phenotypes can improve power performance of detecting genetic variants and uncover the underlying genetic mechanism. Objective This study aims to detect the association between genetic variants in a genomic region and multiple phenotypes. Methods We develop the aggregated Cauchy association test to

Background Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, numerous research institutions have invested in the development of anti-COVID-19 vaccines and screening for efficacious drugs to manage the virus. Objective To explore the potential targets and therapeutic drugs for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 through data mining and bioinformatics. Methods We integrated and

Background The forest musk deer (FMD, Moschus berezovskii) is an threatened species in China. Bacterial pneumonia was found to seriously restrict the development of FMD captive breeding. Historical evidence has demonstrated the relationship between immune system and intestinal Lactobacillus in FMD. Objective We sought to elucidate the differences in the gut microbiota of healthy and bacterial pneumonia

Background MicroRNAs play important roles in the pathogenesis of human diseases by regulating target gene expression in specific cells or tissues. Previously, we identified microRNA 452 (MIR452), which was specifically up-regulated in early stage human colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue. Objective The current study aims to identify and verify the target genes of MIR452 associated with CRC. Methods A luciferase

Background Coptisine is a natural alkaloid compound and is known to have multiple beneficial effects including antioxidant activity. However, whether it can protect lung fibroblasts from oxidative damage has not been studied yet. Objectives To investigate the potential inhibitory effect of coptisine against oxidative stress in V79-4 lung fibroblast cells. Methods V79-4 cells were treated with H2O2

Background Diagnosis of current Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is difficult even for medical specialists, and there is no clear biomarker. Also, aging is highly related to the onset of AD. Objectives The purpose of this study is to screen miRNA as an aging-considered biomarker for AD treatment and diagnosis. Methods The patient group for this study was divided into a young normal, old normal, or AD group

Background Fragaria vesca, the woodland strawberry, is a diploid relative of the cultivated strawberry. A GA-deficient mutant was found in ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized lines of the Fragaria vesca accession ‘Yellow Wonder’. Objective CYP714C2 was found to be differentially expressed using RNA-seq analysis. It is necessary to identify the function of this gene. Methods In order to identify

Background Abiotic stress effects agricultural production, so research on improving stress tolerance of crop is important. Suaeda salsa is a halophyte with high salt and drought tolerance and ability to desalinate saline soil and improve soil quality. Objective To discover and utilize of salt and drought tolerance-related genes, we further investigated the mechanisms of salt and drought tolerance.

Background Woori-Heukdon (KWH) is a Korean synthetic pig breed generated using Chookjin-Duroc (KCD), Chookjin-Chamdon (KCC), and their crossbreds. Currently, there is a severe lack of studies investigating the Korean breed populations including wild boars (KWB) throughout the genome. Objective This study was performed to investigate the genetic characteristics of Korean pig populations at the genome-wide

Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous entity that encompasses several subtypes with distinct molecular characteristics. The patients with TNBCs show unpredictable response to the chemotherapy, and further there is the lack of effective agents. Thus, many studies have been underway to discover targeted therapy suitable for patients with specific genetic alterations in each

Background Information on the genetic variation of genetic resource collections is very important for both the conservation and utilization of crop germplasms in genebanks. Var. frutescens of Perilla crop is extensively cultivated in South Korea as both an oil crop and a vegetable crop. Objectives We used SSR markers to evaluate the genetic diversity, genetic relationships, and population structure

As cells age, they lose their ability to properly fold proteins, maintain protein folding, and eliminate misfolded proteins, which leads to the accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates and loss of protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Loss of proteostasis can accelerate aging and the onset of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Mechanisms exist to prevent

Background Low temperature (LT) or cold stress is a major environmental stress that seriously affects plant growth and development, limiting crop productivity. Cold shock domain proteins (CSDPs), which are present in most living organism, are involved in RNA metabolisms influencing abiotic stress tolerance. Objective The aims of this study are to identify target gene for LT-tolerance, like CSDPs, characterize

Background Under hypoxia, mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) lose the ability to self-renew and begin to differentiate through down-regulation of LIFR-STAT3 pathway via hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). However, it remains largely unknown what kinds of factors are involved in hypoxia-induced differentiation of mESCs. Purpose This study aims to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs)

CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat) is one of the hallmark of biological tools, contemplated as a valid and hopeful alternatives to genome editing. Advancements in CRISPR-based technologies have empowered scientists with an editing kit that allows them to employ their knowledge for deleting, replacing and lately “Gene Surgery”, and provides unique control over genes in

Background Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury (MI/RI) is a complex pathophysiological process, which can lead to severe myocardial injury. The long noncoding RNA alpha-2-macroglobulin antisense RNA 1 (A2M-AS1) has been revealed to be abnormally expressed in MI, However, its function in MI and the potential mechanism are still unclear. Objective To evaluate the functional role of A2M-AS1 in

Background The overexpression of TSLP and DNA methylation in asthma were both risk factors the relationship was not clear. Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between methylation status of TSLP promoter and mRNA/protein expression in asthmatic airway epithelial cells. Methods Human bronchial epithelial cells were cultured in vitro and divided into: Control group, treated with

Background XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism may modulate inter-individual variation in repair capacity of DNA, which may enhance a person’s susceptibility to develop colorectal cancer (CRC). The analysis of XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism may provide important information for identifying high-risk individuals and for selecting the most appropriate treatment for poor prognostic CRC patients. Objective The overall

Background Acinetobacter baumannii is a major opportunistic pathogen causing nosocomial infections. Acinetobacter baumannii possesses a quorum sensing system consisting of abaI, encoding an autoinducer synthase, and abaR, encoding a putative LuxR type regulator. AbaI is required for motility and biofilm formation in A. baumannii. However, the functions of AbaR on the expression of abaI, motility, and

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most commonly diagnosed malignant tumor and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. As a novel non-coding RNA, LINC00657 was firstly identified as an oncogenic role in breast cancer. However, few research focus on the effect of LINC00657 on the progression of HCC. Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the

Background miRNAs play an important role in regulating normal animal development. Muscle tissue and fat metabolism are important for maintaining energy balance in animals. Yak has important agricultural and economic importance as it provides milk, meat, and hair. It is used for transportation as well. However, the miRNA expression profiles of their muscle and adipose tissue are currently unknown. Objective

Background Lactobacillus reuteri I5007 possesses many excellent probiotic characteristics in piglets. miRNA plays important role in host-microbiota interactions, but the mechanism by which L. reuteri I5007 regulates intestinal function through its influence on miRNA expression is unknown. Objective This study analyzed the miRNA expression patterns in the ileum mucosa tissue of piglets by L. reuteri

Background The acute hypoxic injury caused by the plain population entering the plateau in a short period of time has become the main cause of endangering the health of the people who rush into the plateau. Objective The study aimed to identify the key genes which participate in resisting the acute hypoxic injury in SD Rats by transcriptomic profile analysis. Methods 48 Sprague Dawley (SD) male rats

Background Sequence variations such as single nucleotide polymorphisms are markers for genetic diseases and breeding. Therefore, identifying sequence variations is one of the main objectives of several genome projects. Although most genome project consortiums provide standard operation procedures for sequence variation detection methods, there may be differences in the results because of human selection

Background Glioma has the chief type of primary brain tumors worldwide. The glioma may be controlled by regulators including some lncRNAs, miRNAs, and proteins. Objective Our study aims to discover the underlying mechanism for lncPCAT19/miR-142-5p/MELK axis in glioma progression. Methods The clinical samples were from patients with gliomas in our Hospital. Hematoxylin–eosin staining (H&E) was applied

Background Pseudobagrus brevicorpus is an endangered species in Korea. The development of genetic markers and genetic information regarding the populations of this species are needed to establish conservation strategies. Objective As part of the conservation of P. brevicorpus, a 12-microsatellite marker was developed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to provide current genetic population information

Background Keratin-associated protein (KAP), the structural protein molecule of hair fibers, plays a key role in determining the physical properties of hair. Studies of Krtap11-1 have focused only on its localization. Functional studies of Krtap11-1 in hair follicle development have so far not been reported. Objective This study aimed to provide evidence for the role of Krtap11-1 in skin and hair development

Background Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation specifically in cancer cells may be a promising strategy for their selective killing. The synthetic chalcone derivative (E)-3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (DPP23) exerts antitumor activity through ROS-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells but not in healthy cells. However, the mechanism underlying ROS generation by DPP23 remains

Background Down syndrome (DS), caused by trisomy 21, is the most common human chromosomal disorder. Hippocampal abnormalities have been believed to be responsible for the DS developmental cognitive deficits. Cumulative evidences indicated that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participated in brain development and function. Currently, few was known whether dysregulated ncRNAs existed in DS whether the dysregulated

Background Salinity stress, as the key limiting factor for agricultural productivity, can activate a series of molecular responses and alter gene expression in plants. Endogenous regulatory small RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and phased siRNAs (phasiRNAs), play crucial roles during stress adaptation and prevent the injury from environmental circumstances. Objective To identify long-term salt stress

Background The spiny eel (Sinobdella sinensis) is a small subtropical fish endemic to China, Vietnam, and Laos. It has disappeared in many rivers and lakes due to anthropogenic stressors. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure and to provide pertinent information of the evolutionary history and conservation of S. sinensis. Methods Mitochondrial

Background The digestibility of starch is important for the nutritive value of staple food. Although several genes are responsible for resistant starch (RS) and slowly digestible starch (SDS), gaps persist concerning the molecular basis of RS and SDS formation due to the complex genetic mechanisms of starch digestibility. Objectives The objective of this study was to identify new genes for starch digestibility

Background Several insects such as mosquitoes, flies, ticks, fleas, lice, and mites are known to serve as vectors for a vast number of pathogens. Many such vectors are hematophagous, and therefore introduce pathogens directly into the host’s bloodstream. Importantly, the capacity of these vectors to spread disease can lead to serious global health crises. Furthermore, crop damage can be exacerbated

Background Noncoding sequences have been demonstrated to possess regulatory functions. Its classification is challenging because they do not show well-defined nucleotide patterns that can correlate with their biological functions. Genomic signal processing techniques like Fourier transform have been employed to characterize coding and noncoding sequences. This transformation in a systematic whole-genome

Background Alu elements are most abundant retrotransposons with > 1.2 million copies in the primate genome. AluYb8 subfamily was diverged from AluY lineage, and has accumulated eight diagnostic mutations and 7-bp duplication during primate evolution. A total of 1851 AluYb copies are present in the human genome, and most of them are human-specific. On the other hand, only a few AluYb8 copies were identified

Background Oxidative stress-induced myoblast damage is one of the major causes of skeletal muscle loss associated with inhibition of myogenic differentiation and muscle dysfunction. Trans-cinnamaldehyde (tCA), the most common essential oil constituent in cinnamon, is known to possess strong anti-oxidant activity. However, it has not been determined whether tCA can protect myoblasts from oxidative damage

Background Previous investigations reported that the imbalance of intestinal microflora may be the initiation and promotion factor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease such as ulcerative colitis (UC). Glucocorticoid is a very important class of regulatory molecules in the body. The response of different individuals to glucocorticoids can be divided into glucocorticoid sensitive, glucocorticoid

Background Vitamin D (Vit. D) is used extensively during tuberculosis treatment. Low levels of serum Vit. D increase the risk of active tuberculosis development. Altered expression of the proteins involved in Vit. D metabolism impairs cathelicidin production, thereby increasing the host susceptibility to tuberculosis. Objective We are trying to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)

Background There is now abundant information on genes involved in molluscan oogenesis and their associations with ovarian development. However, few studies have investigated the ovarian transcriptome of Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai). Objective The objective of this study was to identify genes related to ovarian development and maturation in Pacific abalone utilizing RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq)

Background Ethiopian sheep living in different climatic zones and having contrasting morphologies are a most promising subject of molecular-genetic research. Elucidating their genetic diversity and genetic structure is critical for designing appropriate breeding and conservation strategies. Objective The study was aimed to investigate genome-wide genetic diversity and population structure of eight

Background For a genome-wide association study in humans, genotype imputation is an essential analysis tool for improving association mapping power. When IMPUTE software is used for imputation analysis, an imputation output (GEN format) should be converted to variant call format (VCF) with imputed genotype dosage for association analysis. However, the conversion requires multiple software packages

Background Arabidopsis thaliana genome encodes ten DUF640 (short for domain of unknown function 640)/ALOG (short for Arabidopsis LSH1 and Oryza G1) proteins, also known as light-dependent short hypocotyl (LSH) proteins. While some of the LSH genes regulate organ boundary determination and shade avoidance response, the function of most of these genes remains largely unknown. Objective In this study

Background Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) constitute around 8% of the human genome and have important roles in human health and disease, including cancers. Previous studies showed that HERV envelope (Env) proteins are highly expressed in cancer tissues and co-related with cancer progression. KAP1 has been reported to play a key role in regulating retrotransposons, including HERV-K, through epigenetic

Background Lactobacillus reuteri is a gram-positive, non-motile bacterial species that has been used as a representative microorganism model to describe the ecology and evolution of vertebrate gut symbionts. Objective Because the genetic features and evolutionary strategies of L. reuteri from the gastrointestinal tract of canines remain unknown, we tried to construct draft genome canine L. reuteri

Background Intestinal epithelial cells are important for defending against pathogen infection. LPS is an endotoxin that is highly antigenic and cytotoxic produced by bacteria. LPS disrupts the intestine epithelium integrity and induced the intestinal epithelial cell inflammation and apoptosis. Our previous study has predicted the function of exosome miRNAs through bioinformatics analysis, and we found

Plant-specific SnRK2 (sucrose nonfermenting-1-related protein kinase 2) genes play crucial roles in the coordination of plant growth and development and responses to stress. However, comprehensive studies have not been performed for this gene family in pepper (Capsicum annuum), a very important Solanaceous vegetable worldwide. To fully understand the status of SnRK2s in chili pepper, a total of 9 putative

Background Spingobium sp. PAMC 28499 is isolated from the glaciers of Uganda. Uganda is a unique region where hot areas and glaciers coexist, with a variety of living creatures surviving, but the survey on them is very poor. The genetic character and complete genome information of Sphingobium strains help with environmental studies and the development of better to enzyme industry. Objective In this

Background The raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides), endemic to East Asia, is classified as six subspecies according to their geographical distribution including a population introduced to Europe. Studies on phylogenetic relationship or population genetics in both native and introduced areas have been carried out recently. Lately, opinions that Japanese raccoon dogs should be classified as a different

Background Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal X-linked recessive disorder with no effective treatment, which underscores the importance of avoiding the birth of children with DMD by identifying pathogenic mutations and obtaining an accurate prenatal diagnosis. Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic defect of a Chinese family where all male patients have died of DMD

Background TNFSF14 has been proven to play an important role in various types of tumors. However, its function in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not yet been fully elucidated. Objective In order to explore molecular mechanism of RCC, we evaluated the effect of TNFSF14 on RCC progression, prognosis and immune microenvironment. Methods Using TCGA database, the differential expression of TNFSF14 and its

Background Euphorbia jolkini, a medicinal herb that grows on the warm beaches in Japan and South Korea, is known to be used for traditional medicines to treat a variety of ailments, including bruises, stiffness, indigestion, toothache, and diabetes. Objective It is to analyze the whole transcriptome and identify the genes related to the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in the medicinally important herb

Background Gitelman syndrome (GS) is a tubulopathy characterized by hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalciuria and metabolic alkalosis, which is caused by mutations in SLC12A3 gene. Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the mutation of SLC12A3 gene in a pedigree with GS and analyzed the clinical manifestations. Methods Next-generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed

Background Phospholipase C (PLC) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes phospholipids and plays an important role in plant growth and development. The Brachypodium distachyon is a model plant of Gramineae, but the research on PLC gene family of Brachypodium has not been reported. Objective This study was performed to identify the PLC family gene in Brachypodium and to determine the expression profiles of PLCs