Calonectria henricotiae (Che) and C. pseudonaviculata (Cps) are destructive fungal pathogens causing boxwood blight, a persistent threat to horticultural production, landscape industries, established gardens, and native ecosystems. Although extracellular proteins including effectors produced by fungal pathogens are known to play a fundamental role in pathogenesis, the composition of Che and Cps extracellular

Inactivating mutations including both germline and somatic mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene drives most familial and sporadic colorectal cancers. Understanding the metabolic implications of this mutation will aid to establish its wider impact on cellular behaviour and potentially inform clinical decisions. However, to date, alterations in lipid metabolism induced by APC mutations

Periodontal diseases are infections of the structures that surround and support teeth; they are characterized by local inflammation and alveolar bone loss. Most treatment used to focus on only one aspect, inhibiting inflammation, or promoting osteoblasts. We set out to develop a new method that would intervene in the two aspects simultaneously. Adiponectin (APN), secreted by adipocytes, inhibits the

Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most general gynecological malignancies and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. We aimed to select candidate genes related to the diagnosis and prognosis of CC.

Long non-coding RNAs recently have been identified as influential indicators in a variety of malignancies. The aim of this study was to identify a functional lncRNA LINC00488 and its effects on thyroid cancer in the view of cell proliferation and apoptosis. In order to evaluate the effects of LINC00488 on the cellular process of thyroid cancer, we performed a series of in vitro experiments, including

N-terminal acetylation is an irreversible protein modification that primarily occurs co-translationally, and is catalyzed by a highly conserved family of N-terminal acetyltransferases (NATs). The NatC complex (NAA30-NAA35-NAA38) is a major NAT enzyme, which was first described in yeast and estimated to N-terminally acetylate ~20% of the proteome. The activity of NatC is crucial for the correct functioning

Giardiasis is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal diseases in the world. It is caused by Giardia, Giardia lamblia, a common and opportunistic zoonotic parasite. The aim of our work is to find a natural and safe alternative treatment for giardiasis, specifically, to determine if probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and L. helveticus) can contribute to treatment

We sought to determine the effect of time and temperature of blood sample storage before preparation of human PBMCs by Ficoll-hypaque density gradient centrifugation. Blood samples from healthy donors were stored at room temperature (RT) or refrigerated at 4oC before preparation of PBMCs. Cell yield and viability, and proportions of major cell populations within PBMCs, as determined by fluorescence

APOE ε4 is the major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. A precise role for apolipoprotein E (apoE) in the pathogenesis of the disease remains unclear in part due to its expression in multiple cell types of the brain. APOE is highly expressed in astrocytes and microglia, however its expression can also be induced in neurons under various conditions. The neuronal-like cell line SK-N-SH is a

Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is one of the most frequently occurring primary malignant liver tumors and seriously harms people's health in the world. Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1-like (MTHFD1L) has been shown to be associated with colon cancer cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion. In the present study, a total of 370 LIHC and 51 normal samples data were downloaded

Experimental experience suggests that probiotics and prebiotics (representative microbial agents) play a critical role in defending against respiratory virus infection. We aim to systematically examine these agents' effect on respiratory viral infection. An electronic literature search was conducted from published data with a combination of a microbial agents search component containing synonyms for

Colon cancer is one of the most common causes of death by cancer worldwide. Stem cells have immunosuppressive properties that promote tumor targeting and circumvent obstacles currently in gene therapy. Bone marrow stem cells are believed to have anticancer potential. The transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a type of bone marrow stem cells, has been considered a potential therapy for patients

Acute radiation injury caused by high-dose radiation exposure severely impedes the application of radiotherapy in cancer management. To deeply understand the side effects of radiation on intestinal tract, an irradiation murine model was applied and evaluated. C57BL/6 mice were given 4Gy non-myeloablative irradiation, 8Gy myeloablative irradiation and non-irradiation (control), respectively. Results

Several studies on the prognostic value of the microRNA 142 (miR-142) in solid tumors have reported conflicting results. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the relationship between the miR-142 and prognosis in solid tumors. A comprehensive search for relevant studies was conducted until November 10, 2020. Studies that investigated the prognostic significance of the miR-142 in

We have previously reported a novel homozygous 4-bp deletion in DDHD1 as the responsible variant for spastic paraplegia type 28 (SPG28;OMIM#609340). The variant causes a frameshift, resulting in a functionally null allele in the patient. DDHD1 encodes phospholipase A1 (PLA1) catalyzing phosphatidylinositol to lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI). To clarify the pathogenic mechanism of SPG28, we established

To develop a screening kit for detecting mutation hotspots of the PAH (phenylalanine hydroxylase) gene. Thirteen exons of the PAH gene were sequenced in 84 cases with PKU (phenylketonuria )diagnosed during neonatal genetic and metabolic disease screening in Shaanxi province, and their mutations were analyzed. We designed and developed a screening kit to detect 9 mutation sites covering more than 50%

Ferroptosis, a novel type of programmed cell death, is involved in inflammation and oxidation of various human diseases, including diabetic kidney disease. The present study explored the role of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) on the regulation of ferroptosis in mesangial cells in response to high glucose. Compared to healthy control, levels of serum ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), reactive

Hepcidin is a key iron-regulatory hormone, the production of which is controlled by iron stores, inflammation, hypoxia and erythropoiesis. The regulation of iron by hepcidin is of clinical importance in thalassemia patients in which anemia occurs along with iron overload. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between serum hepcidin and ferritin levels in thalassemia patients. This cross-sectional

Glycolysis was a representative hallmark in the tumor microenvironment, and we aimed to explore the correlations between glycolysis with immune activity and clinical traits in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA).

The aim of this study is to investigate the anti-injury and anti-inflammatory effects of dexmedetomidine(Dex) in acute liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in Sprague-Dawley rats and its possible mechanism.

To identify immune-related lncRNAs in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).

MicroRNA (miR) acts as a negative regulator of gene expression. Many literatures have suggested that miRs may be involved in the process of cell proliferation, inflammation, oxidative stress, energy metabolism and epithelial mesenchymal transition. Thus, miRs may be implicated in the occurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the current investigation, we included 2,249 subjects (1,193 NSCLC

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a group of breast cancers which neither express hormonal receptors nor human epidermal growth factor receptor. Hence, there is a lack of currently known targeted therapies and the only available line of systemic treatment option is chemotherapy or more recently immune therapy. However, in patients with relapsed disease after adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy resistance

Tumor immune cell infiltration was significantly correlated with the progression and the effect of immunotherapy in cancers including esophageal carcinoma (ESCA). However, no biomarkers were identified which were associated with immune infiltration in ESCA. In the present study, a total of 128 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC)

Transparency represents the functional phenotype of eye lens. A number of defined steps including quiescence, proliferation, migration and cell differentiation culminates in cell elongation and organelle degradation, allowing the light to reach the retina. HOPS/TMUB1 is a nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling protein, highly expressed both in vivo and in vitro proliferating systems, bearing an ubiquitin-like

To explore the molecular pharmacological mechanism of (-)-Epicatechin (EC) on the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) by network pharmacology method and in vitro experiments.

To find out risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and to provide basis for clinically prevention of POCD. A total of 88 patients underwent CABG were surveyed with Telephone Questionnaire (TICS-M) for their cognitive impairment after 3, 7, 21, 90, 180d surgery. The occurrence of POCD was diagnosed by Neuropsychological Battery which

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are confirmed to be involved in modulating diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study is aimed to explore the regulatory mechanism of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) on pediatric DN. Human glomerular mesangial cells (HGMCs) were exposed to high glucose (HG) to produce an in vitro model. The results showed that SNHG15 was remarkably up-regulated in pediatric

This study examined auditory function across age in the dark agouti (DA) rat strain. Auditory brainstem responses were measured for frequencies 8, 16, and 32 kHz in male and female DA rats from 3 months to 18 months of age. Hearing thresholds and absolute and interpeak latencies were analyzed. Male hearing thresholds remained stable for the first year of life and then significantly increased at 18

Background Oxidative stress is considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD). Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) enzymes play important roles in antioxidant defenses and may influence CHD risk. The present meta-analysis was performed to investigate the link between GSTM1 null genotype and CHD and to get a precise evaluation of interaction between GSTM1 null genotype and

Aidi injection (ADI) is an effective Traditional Chinese medicine preparation widely used for lung cancer. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of ADI on lung cancer remain to be elucidated.

LncRNAs have been ascertained as vital modulators in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) development. In this research, the function and molecular mechanisms of the lncRNA XIST in the evolution of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were assessed. Results showed that XIST expression was increased but miR-1264 expression level was reduced in the serum of AAA patients. XIST depletion impeded HA-VSMCs' ability

Both meta-analyses and systematic reviews were used to assess the relationship between purinergic receptor P2X ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2RX7)rs3751143 polymorphism and the risk of cancer.

Cell membranes have important functions in many steps of the blood coagulation cascade, including the activation of factor X (FX) by the factor VIIa (FVIIa)-tissue factor (TF) complex (extrinsic Xase). FVIIa shares structural similarity with factor IXa (FIXa) and FXa. FIXa and FXa are regulated by binding to phosphatidylserine (PS)-containing membranes via their γ-carboxy-glutamic acid (Gla) and epidermal

Hyperglycaemia at admission has been demonstrated to exacerbate the outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) but a meta-analysis is lacking to further confirm this hypothesis. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to summarize the evidence on the association between hyperglycaemia at admission and the development of COVID-19.

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent and reoccurring cancer types that leads to death in women. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is difficult to treat due to the lack of therapeutic targets. Many studies have focused on identifying drugs for use as alternative treatments for breast cancer. Thioguanine (6-TG) exerts antitumor effects in cancer. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that ceRNAs

In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of miRNA-429 in the pathogenesis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) and the potential mechanism of this procedure. Totally 95 consecutive patients with PDAC diagnosed by pathology were retrospectively collected from June 1st , 2015 to August 30th, 2019 in Department of General Surgery, Jingmen First People's Hospital. The human pancreatic cancer

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 5 is an important regulator of tumor progression in many cancers, and could serve as potential serum cancer biomarker. Our initial analysis identified CXCL5 as a cancer-related gene highly expressed in PC. Patients with PC exhibited markedly higher preoperative serum CXCL5 levels compared with that in healthy individuals (P<0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) was 0

Caspase enzymes play important roles in apoptosis and inflammation, and the non-identical but overlapping specificity profiles (that is, cleavage recognition sequence) direct cells to different fates. Although all caspases prefer aspartate at the P1 position of the substrate, the caspase-6 subfamily shows preference for valine at the P4 position, while caspase-3 shows preference for aspartate. In comparison

The outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndromes Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global catastrophe. The elderly and people with co-morbidity are facing a serious complication of the disease. The entry and infection strategy of SARS-CoV-2 in a host cell is raised by an amazing way of ACE2 receptor recognition and imbalance of ACE/ACE2 in various organs, especially in the lungs. Here it has been discussed

As a common sequel to obesity, plasma and intracellular free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations are elevated and, as a consequence, manifold disturbances in metabolism may ensue. Biochemical processes in the cytosol and organelles, such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), can be disturbed. In the ER, the maintenance of a high calcium gradient is indispensable for viability. In sarcoplasmic

Aseptic loosening following periprosthetic osteolysis is the primary complication that limits the lifetime of total joint arthroplasty (TJA). The wear particles trigger a chronic inflammation response in the periprosthetic tissue and turn over the bone balance to bone resorption. This study aimed to investigate the possible effect and mechanism of strontium ranelate, a clinically safe drug for osteoporosis

Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC) is the most malignant and fatal subtype of breast cancer, which has characterized by negativity expression of ER, PR and HER2. Metastasis is the main factor affecting the prognosis of TNBC, and the process of metastasis is related to abnormal activation of Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT). Recent studies have shown that long non-coding RNA(LncRNA) plays an

CCND1 encodes for Cyclin D1 protein and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can modulate its activity. In the current study, the impact of CCND1 SNPs on structure and/or function of cyclin D1 protein using in silico tools was investigated. Our analysis revealed only one splice site SNP (c.1988+5G

The expression and clinical value of zinc finger protein 2 gene (ZIC2) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were analyzed by mining gene information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases.

Mitochondria-nuclear cross talk and mitochondrial retrograde regulation are involved in the genesis and development of breast cancer (BC). The present study aimed to construct regulatory network and seek the potential biomarkers of BC diagnosis and prognosis as well as the molecular therapeutic targets from the perspective of mitochondrial dysfunction.

Programmed death 1 (PD-1)/ programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor is one of the most popular immune therapies. Biomarkers for predicting response are highly needed, but no biomarkers are widely used till now.

The traditional Chinese medicine Caulis Sargentodoxae is widely used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC), but the mechanism remain unknown. This study aims to reveal its effective components, targets and pathways through network pharmacology and bioinformatics approachs.

Investigations of long-term exercise interventions in humans to reverse obesity is expensive and is hampered by poor compliance and confounders. In this study, we investigated intrahepatic and muscle fat, visceral and subcutaneous fat-pads, plasma metabolic profile and skeletal muscle inflammatory markers in response to 12-weeks aerobic exercise in an obese rodent model. Six week old male Wistar rats

Fibrinogen has been implicated to play a role in the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Many studies have evaluated the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on plasma fibrinogen levels in OSA patients. However, results from different reports were not consistent. To assess the effect of CPAP treatment on plasma fibrinogen levels of patients with OSA, a meta-analysis was

Ghrelin, a 28-aminoacid peptide, was isolated from the human and rat stomach and identified in 1999 as an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue-receptor (GHS-R). In addition to stimulating appetite and regulating energy balance, ghrelin and its receptor GHS-R1a have a direct effect on the cardiovascular system. In recent years, it has been shown that ghrelin exerts cardioprotective effects

Immunotherapy is remarkably affected by the immune environment of the principal tumor. Nonetheless, the immune environment's clinical relevance in stage IV gastric cancer (GC) is largely unknown. The gene expression profiles of 403 stage IV GC patients in the three cohorts: GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus, GSE84437 (n=292) and GSE62254 (n=77), and TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas, n=34) were used in the

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a more common type of breast cancer with high distant metastasis and poor prognosis. The potential role of lamins in cancer progression has been widely revealed. However, the function of lamin B2 (LMNB2) in TNBC progression is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of LMNB2 in TNBC. The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database analysis and immunohistochemistry

This study investigated the effects of hot water extracts of 22 medicinal plants used traditionally to treat diabetes on Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) activity both in vitro and in vivo in high fat fed (HFF) obese-diabetic rats. Fluorometric assay was employed to determine the DPP-IV activity. For in vivo studies, HFF obese-diabetic rats were fasted for 6 hours and blood was sampled at different

Ge-Gen-Qin-Lian Decoction (GGQLD), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been widely used for ulcerative colitis (UC) in China, but the pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear. This research was designed to clarify the underlying pharmacological mechanism of GGQLD against UC. Method: In this research, a GGQLD-compound-target-UC network was constructed based on public databases to clarify

Sarcocystis spp. are intracellular protozoan parasites with an intermediate-definitive host life cycle based on a prey-predator relationship. Sarcocystis infection is common among different vertebrates including humans. The pathogenicity of Sarcocystis spp. is of varied significance including a possible lethal effect for the host. The goal of this study was to investigate the inflammatory activity

Muscle trauma frequently occurs in daily life. However, the molecular mechanisms of muscle healing, which partly depend on the extent of the damage, are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate gene expression profiles following mild and severe muscle contusion, and to provide more information about the molecular mechanisms underlying the repair process. A total of 33 rats were divided

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most frequent histological type of lung cancer, and its incidence has displayed an upward trend in recent years. Nevertheless, little is known regarding effective biomarkers for LUAD.