Susceptibility profiles of anaerobic bacteria to antibiotics have become unpredictable, thus reliable and user-friendly methods for routine susceptibility testing are needed. In this study, we evaluated the MICRONAUT-S Anaerobes MIC test plate, a commercially available broth microdilution method, and suitable for clinical microbiology routine testing. We analyzed a collection of 300 consecutive clinically

The effect of antimicrobial stewardship (AS) on anaerobic bacteremia is uncertain. This study aimed to assess the effect of interventions by the AS team (AST) on clinical and microbiological outcomes and antimicrobial use. An AS program was introduced at Osaka City University Hospital in January 2014; an interdisciplinary AST was established. We enrolled patients with anaerobic bacteremia between January

Clostridioides difficile colonizes the intestines of susceptible individuals and releases toxins that mediate disease. To replicate and expand in the intestines, C. difficile ferments proline, and this activity is influenced by the availability of proline and trace nutrients. C. difficile must also compete with the commensal microbiota for these limited nutrients. The specific microbes present in the

Hungatella spp. are anaerobic bacteria, are known members of the gut microbiome and very rarely cause human infection. Hungatella effluvii was isolated from an effluent treatment plant in 2014. We report a case of bacteremia due to H. effluvii that occurred after hematochezia in a patient with prostate cancer. It was misidentified by the VITEK 2 system (bioMérieux, France) and matrix-assisted laser

Clostridium perfringens is a globally recognized zoonotic pathogen. We report isolation and genotyping of C. perfringens from neonatal calves, dairy workers and their associated environment in India. A total of 103 fecal samples from neonatal calves, 25 stool swabs from the dairy workers and 50 samples from their associated environment were collected from two dairy farms. C. perfringens was detected

Single-cell analysis of microbial population heterogeneity is a fast growing research area in microbiology due to its potential to identify and quantify the impact of subpopulations on microbial performance in, for example, industrial biotechnology, environmental biology, and pathogenesis. Although several tools have been developed, determination of population heterogenity in anaerobic bacteria, especially

BACKGROUND Geographic and temporal trends in the distribution of PCR ribotypes for Clostridioides difficile associated diarrheal isolates obtained in the United States (US) are changing. As part of a US national surveillance program of C. difficile susceptibility to fidaxomicin, we quantified the distribution of PCR ribotypes of stool isolates collected from 2011 to 2016. METHODS C. difficile isolates

Bacteremia implicating anaerobic bacteria (BIAB) represents 2-6% of all episodes of bacteremia and is associated with high mortality. In this retrospective study from June 2015 to December 2016, we compared BIAB frequency in two hospital centers in Montpellier (France): Montpellier university hospital (MUH) and a center specialized in cancer (ICM). Among the 2465 microbiologically relevant episodes

Isolation and fast detection of Clostridium perfringens is essential in veterinary medical diagnostics and veterinary research, as it allows to recommend suitable treatment options after antimicrobial resistance determination, and is essential to study pathogenesis. In this study four selective media were tested for the enumeration of, and selectivity towards C. perfringens in faecal samples from poultry

Brain abscess remains a life-threatening condition. Here, we are reporting a case of brain abscess due to Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron in a previously known case of recurrent otitis media. A 15 years old boy with a history of recurrent otitis media presented with the complaints of right otalgia, headache and fever. Computed Tomography (CT) brain and neck revealed fluid filled right middle ear cavity

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients worldwide. The major problem facing current treatment is multiple recurrences, prompting the need for alternative therapies. In this study we isolated bacterial species, from Egyptian individuals' stool, with antimicrobial activity against clinical isolates of C. difficile and tried to examine

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) was traditionally considered to be transmitted within healthcare environment, from other patients or healthcare workers (HCW). Recently, this idea has been challenged. Our objective was to determine the extent of C. difficile contamination in hospital environment with a simplified method for C. difficile recovery. Environmental samples were taken from rooms

Anaerobic bacteremia (AB) is usually detected in about 0.5-13% of positive blood cultures. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of anaerobic bacteremia over a 5-year period (2013-2017), to identify current trends at our University Hospital and to compare the results to those in a similar study (2005-2009) in the same region. During the study period, an average of 23,274 ± 2,756 blood cultures

Fusobacterium necrophorum is a Gram negative, spore-free, anaerobic bacterium that can cause pyogenic and necrotic infections in animals and humans. It is a major bovine pathogen and causes hepatic abscesses, foot rot, and necrotic laryngitis. The 43K OMP of F. necrophorum is an outer membrane protein with molecular weight of 43 kDa, exhibiting similarity to pore-forming proteins of other Fusobacterium

Botulism is a neuroparalytic intoxication, usually fatal, caused by the botulinum toxins (BoNTs). Vaccination is the best-known strategy to prevent this disease in ruminants. Serotypes C and D and their variants CD and DC are the main types responsible for botulism in bovine and buffaloes in Brazil and cattle in Japan and Europe. Brazil has a herd of approximately 1.39 million buffaloes and is the

Being aware of the remarkable antimicrobial potential of S. officinalis L., we aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the S. officinalis dichloromethane crude extract (SOD), dichloromethane-soluble fractions (SODH and SODD), SODD subfractions (SODD1 and SODD2), and pure substances (manool, salvigenin, and viridiflorol) against periodontopathogens. This bioassay-guided study comprises five

Clostridioides difficile is the leading cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea. Although the incidence of C. difficile-associated diarrhea is increasing worldwide, bacteremia due to C. difficile is relatively rare and represents the least frequent extra-colonic manifestation of C. difficile infection. To date, only 60 C. difficile bacteremia cases with detailed clinical patient characteristics have

Clostridium spp. are recovered from 25% of the blood culture positive with anaerobes. However, the clinical relevance of Clostridium bacteremia has been controverted in the literature, particularly for C. perfringens. We aimed to evaluate the clinical relevance of Clostridium bacteremia, either due to C. perfringens or other Clostridium species, and to identify the risk factors of mortality in these

BACKGROUND In microbiological diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) there is much controversial discussion about culture media and incubation time, especially if anaerobic bacteria are the causative agents. This retrospective analysis was conducted to compare the results obtained by inoculation of sonicate fluid from prosthetic components into BD Bactec blood culture bottles with those

BACKGROUND Infections with Fusobacterium, an anaerobic bacterium, have various clinical presentations, including bacteremia and Lemierre syndrome. Here, we report a case series of Fusobacterium bacteremia (FBB) from the largest academic center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and provide a review of cases in the available literature. METHOD Records were retrospectively reviewed for all patients with at least

Treponema denticola is a spirochete that is etiologic for periodontal diseases. This bacterium is one of two periodontal pathogens that have been shown to have a complete three step enzymatic pathway (GTSP) that catabolizes glutathione to H2S. This pathway may contribute to the tissue pathology seen in periodontitis since diseased periodontal pockets have lower glutathione levels than healthy sites

Periodontitis pathogenesis involves activation of host immune responses triggered by microbial dysbiosis. Therefore, controlling periodontal pathogens in-vivo is a main goal of periodontal therapy. New antimicrobials might help to control periodontal infection and improve treatment outcomes at "the dark times" of increasing antibiotic resistance. Here, we determined the biological activity of collinin

FMX101 4% minocycline foam (FMX101 4%) is a novel, topical minocycline formulation for treatment of acne vulgaris. We report that FMX101 4% had an MIC90 of 0.25 μg/ml and was ≥4-fold more active than comparator antimicrobials against a panel of 98 clinical Cutibacterium acnes isolates. The panel was diverse by clonal complex and sequence type, having 20 novel multi-locus sequence types including clonal

The aim of our study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of 267 Gram-negative clinically significant anaerobes, isolated between October 2016 and October 2019, in a Greek university hospital. The species identification was performed by conventional methods and using the Vitek 2 automated system. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing to determine the MICs was performed by the E-test

Alteration in the binding of bacterial penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) to β-lactams is important in the development of drug resistance. The PBPs of wild type Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124 and three β-lactam-resistant mutants were compared for the ability to bind to a fluorescent penicillin, BOCILLIN FL. The binding of the high molecular weight protein PBP1, a transpeptidase, to BOCILLIN FL

Here, we sought to assess the levels of antibiotic resistance among intestinal Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains collected between 2014 and 2016 in Europe and also attempted to compare resistance levels between clinical and commensal isolates. Bacteroides and Parabacteroides isolates were recovered from faecal samples via the novel Bacteroides Chromogenic Agar (BCA) method. Antibiotic susceptibilities

The anaerobic bacterium Clostridioides difficile is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea that can culminate in life-threating colitis. During the C. difficile infection (CDI), C. difficile produces toxins that generate the clinical symptoms of the disease, and produce spores, which persist in the host during antibiotic treatment and can cause recurrent CDI (R-CDI). In this work, we aimed

C. difficile induces antibiotic-associated diarrhea due to the action of two secreted toxins, TcdA and TcdB. A considerable range of virulence among C. difficile strains has been widely reported. During a hospital outbreak, 46 isolates were collected that belonged to different genotypes. Of those, the majority corresponded to two virulent strains, the globally distributed Sequence Type 1 (ST1)_North

Clostridioides difficile typing is invaluable for the investigation of both institution-specific outbreaks as well as national surveillance. While the epidemic ribotype 027 (RT027) has received a significant amount of resources and attention, ribotype 106 (RT106) has become more prevalent throughout the past decade. The purpose of this systematic review was to comprehensively summarize the genetic

Two hundred and fifty-three non-duplicate toxigenic Clostridium difficile isolates, collected from February 2012 to December 2014, were evaluated for phenotypic resistance to ten antimicrobial drugs with the E-test gradient diffusion method. All strains of C. difficile were susceptible to metronidazole, vancomycin, and tigecycline. The metronidazole MIC values of the hyperepidemic PCR-ribotypes RT027

Clostridioides difficile strains were isolated from manure and digestate samples from five biogas plants in France. The objective of this study was to characterize these isolates using PCR ribotyping, wgMLST, a multiplex PCR targeting genes encoding for the main virulence factors, i.e. tcdA, tcdB, cdtA and cdtB, and antimicrobial susceptibility assays. The 54 strains characterized were all positive

Eleven strains of clostridia were isolated from chickens suffering from necrotic enteritis (NE) disease, and were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as C. perfringens (Clin1, ICVB079, ICVB080, ICVB081, ICVB082, ICVB083, ICVB085, ICVB088, ICVB089, ICVB090), C. sporogenes (ICVB086) and C. cadaveris (ICVB087). These novel strains were then characterized for their pathoproperties including their sensitivity

Propionibacterium (Propionimicrobium) lymphophilum is a Gram-positive anaerobic rod involved in few human diseases. We report a rare case of bacteremia due to this microorganism in an elderly patient. A 95-year-old woman without a remarkable medical history presented with dyspnea, chest pain and fever for seven days. Blood cultures resulted in isolation of P. lymphophilum. Resistance only to metronidazole

We present a case of a healthy 29 year-old female with an uneventful vaginal delivery who had transient, sudden onset of rigors and fever 36 hours postpartum. She was found to have Fusobacterium gonidiaformans bacteremia due to retained placental tissue. We report this organism as it is not well-described and rarely reported. It does bear some similarities to other Fusobacterium species that have been

The aim of the study was to comparatively assess delafloxacin and levofloxacin activities against 96 anaerobic and some microaerophilic isolates. Delafloxacin minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were strikingly lower than those of levofloxacin. Delafloxacin MIC90 against clostridia, other Gram-positive rods, anaerobic/microaerophilic cocci and Gram-negative rods were 0.75, 0.032, 0.38 and 0.5 μg/mL

The occurrence and characteristics of Clostridioides (previously Clostridium) difficile and Clostridium perfringens in the feces of diarrheic and non-diarrheic cats was investigated. Apparently healthy animals were more likely to be positive for C. perfringens type A (p = 0.009). Two isolates (0.7%), one each from a diarrheic and an apparently healthy cat, were positive for the enterotoxin-encoding

Reported rates of C. difficile infection (CDI) have increased in many settings; however, these can be affected by factors including testing density (test-density) and diagnostic methods. We aimed to describe the impact of multiple factors on CDI rates. Hospitals (n = 182) across five countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and UK) provided data on; size and type of institution, CDI testing methodology

Scardovia wiggsiae has recently been identified as a potential pathogen associated with dental caries. The aim of the present study was to detect and quantify S. wiggsiae from dental plaque samples of children suffering from severe early childhood caries and children who were caries free by employing a real time DNA polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) method. Dental plaque samples were collected

Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium) difficile is responsible for a substantial burden of nosocomial infection. Recurrent C. difficile infection (rCDI) remains a concern due to its high morbidity, mortality, and cost. Despite the updated 2017 IDSA C. difficile treatment guidelines, there remains a lack of well-studied preventive control measures and treatment modalities for rCDI. There are ongoing

Septic arthritis due to Clostridium species is rare. We report the first case of Clostridium paraputrificum native shoulder septic arthritis and osteomyelitis. An 86-year-old woman with osteoarthritis presented with acute-onset right shoulder pain. Injection of the glenohumeral joint with methylprednisolone resulted in worsening of pain. Synovial fluid analysis was consistent with septic arthritis

In our previous studies on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) -associated microbiota by molecular methods, we demonstrated that a particular 16S rRNA gene amplicon was more abundant in the feces of healthy subjects or mixed type IBS (IBS-M) -sufferers than in the feces of individuals with diarrhea-type IBS (IBS-D). In the current study, we demonstrated that this, so called Ct85-amplicon, consists of a

Clostridium perfringens is an important zoonotic microorganism, which can cause diseases in animal and human under certain conditions. Contamination of C. perfringens in chicken and pork meat has been reported worldwide, but it is rarely reported in duck products. The current study was undertaken to investigate C. perfringens contamination in duck products from a large retail market in Tai'an region

Screening for probiotic characteristics is usually associated with a series of assays and a large number of isolates to be tested, which can be sometimes costly and frustrating. For this reason, finding some indicators to predict the probiotic potential would be of great significance. In this study, 10 Lactobacillus strains including L. sakei, L. reuteri, L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis, L. delbrueckii

INTRODUCTION We sought to quantify targeted metabolites (d-lactate, pyruvate, urea, ammonia) and the cytokine IL-8 produced by human cervicovaginal epithelial cells co-cultured with Ureaplasma urealyticum (a preterm birth-associated bacterium) or Lactobacillus crispatus (a healthy vaginal commensal associated with term birth). METHODS Concentrations of d-lactate, pyruvate, urea and ammonia measured

Parvimonas micra is frequently isolated from lesions of apical periodontitis and is a major disease-related pathogen. One of the main causes of apical periodontitis is extraradicular biofilm. In this study, we investigated polymicrobial biofilm formation by P. micra and species associated with apical periodontitis. The coaggregation activity of P. micra with partner strains was investigated by visual

Current research indicates that changes in gut microbiota can impact the host, but it is not always clear how dietary and environmental factors alter gut microbiota. One potential factor is antimicrobial activity of compounds ingested by the host. The goal of this study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of common plant secondary metabolites against pure cultures of paired, structurally and

The present study aimed to elucidate the prevalence of Clostridioides difficile in Japanese retail food products. For this purpose, retail food samples (242 fresh vegetables and 266 retail meat samples: 89 chicken meat; 28 chicken liver; 200 pork meat; 24 pig liver; 127 beef meat) were collected from 14 supermarkets between 2015 and 2019. C. difficile was isolated from eight (3.3%) fresh vegetable

INTRODUCTION Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been introduced for bacterial identification. The ASTA MicroIDSys system (ASTA, Suwon, Korea) is a new MALDI-TOF MS system developed for species identification of microorganisms. We evaluated the performance of MicroIDSys against clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria. MATERIAL AND METHODS

Anaerococcus spp. are Gram-positive anaerobic cocci involved in human skin and soft-tissue infections, among other diseases. We report the first known case of bacteremia due to A. octavius, detected in an elderly patient. A 71-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer presented with fever and cognitive impairment for more than three days. A. octavius was isolated in blood cultures, and only resistance

Recent human clinical studies have identified Mobiluncus mulieris, a fastidious strict anaerobic bacterium present in the cervicovaginal (CV) space, as being strongly associated with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie this association remain unknown. As disruption of the cervical epithelial barrier has been shown to contribute to the premature cervical

Sporulation during Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) contributes to recurrent disease. Cell division and sporulation both require peptidoglycan biosynthesis. We show C. difficile growth and sporulation is attenuated by antisenses to murA and murC or the MurA inhibitor fosfomycin. Thus, targeting the early steps of peptidoglycan biosynthesis might reduce the onset of recurrent CDI.

Methanogen cultures require hydrogen produced by fermentative bacteria such as Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (biological method). We developed an alternative method for hydrogen production using iron filings and acetic acid with the aim of cultivating methanogens more efficiently and more quickly (chemical method). We developed this new method with a reference strain of Methanobrevibacter oralis, compared

Yak (Bos grunniens), a ruminant, has a complex gastrointestinal microbial ecosystem, which is essential for host nutrition and health. However, not much is known about gut microbial communities of yak. This study was conducted to characterize the gut microbial diversity and composition of small intestinal and cecal contents of yaks through high-throughput sequencing targeting V3-V4 hypervariable region