Magnesium is an essential trace metal and a necessary factor for multiple biochemical functions in humans. Its role in biology is fundamental in over 600 enzymatic reactions implicated in protein synthesis, mitochondrial functions, neuromuscular activity, bone formation, and immune system competence. Magnesium status is relevant in fetal development during gestation and in the newborn growth during

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02521-0

Boron is a trace element which plays important roles in immune response. The relationship between boron and splenic lymphocyte proliferation, apoptosis, secretion of cytokines, and genes potentially related to immune response in ostrich chicks were investigated in the present study. Different concentrations of boron (0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mmol/L) were applied to splenic lymphocytes

We aimed to investigate whether combination of vitamin D and iron supplementation, comparing vitamin D alone, could modify bone turnover, inflammatory, oxidative stress, and metabolic markers. Eighty-seven women with hemoglobin (Hb) ≤ 12.7 g/dL and 25OHD ≤ 29 ng/mL vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency aged 18-45 years were randomly assigned into two groups: (1) receiving either 1000 IU/day vitamin D3

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake.

The Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep is vital to the production system in Southwest China. To study the effects of nano-selenium (Nano-Se) poisoning in the Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep, poisoning model was established. A total of 20 animals with an average initial body weight (BW) of 35.57 ± 3.31 kg were used in this study. After 1-week-long acclimatization period, all animals were randomly divided into

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient with antioxidative properties, but previous studies have shown that extremely high circulating Se concentrations are associated with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). To date, it remains unknown whether this association has connections with arterial calcification. A total of 982 participants with both serum Se concentration and abdominal

A 30-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of κ-selenocarrageenan on the growth performance, selenium accumulation, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbiota of sea cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus, with different sizes (70 g ± 10 g and 100 g ± 10 g). Sea cucumbers of each size were randomly assigned into two groups; a diet without supplemented κ-selenocarrageenan was referred

Grass carps were exposed to the established lethal concentration (LC) values of copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) each for the exposed period of 24, 48, 72, and 96 h respectively. Concentrations of these metals were determined in the brain, liver, muscles, gills, kidneys, and intestinal tissues of exposed and control fish through the atomic absorption spectrophotometer after the wet digestion

The toxic effects of the amorphous silica nanoparticles have not been thoroughly studied. Moreover, the majority of the in vivo investigations were performed using an inhalation exposure method. The current study aimed to explore the potential toxic effects of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) after the treatment of adult male rats with two different concentrations (500 and 1000 ppm) via drinking water

Neurodegeneration disorders are complex and multifaceted, leading to many chronic diseases, like Parkinson's disease (PD). Electrolytes imbalance has a significant role in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders, which might serve as a bio-indicator of these problems. In the present study, the disturbances of the electrolytes, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and potassium (K), concentrations

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of local implantation of a controlled delivery system of chitosan hydrogel loaded with selenium nanoparticles in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). For this purpose, 60 adult female rats were randomly divided into three equal groups. In all three groups, SCI was induced by aneurysm clamping at the level of thoracic vertebrae under

Suboptimal selenium status may impair the antioxidant defense system in patients undergoing hemodialysis, compromising the selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase activity. To evaluate the association between the duration of hemodialysis, nutritional selenium status, glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing

Relationships of lead exposure with blood pressure and blood lead with inflammation have been previously established yet, but the conclusions are still controversial. The objective of our study was to investigate the role of systemic inflammation in the relationships between blood lead concentration and blood pressure. We quantified the levels of blood lead and white blood cell count in 505 lead-exposed

This study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D and magnesium co-supplementation on muscle strength and function, body composition, and inflammation in vitamin D-deficient middle-aged women. In this study, 83 healthy middle-aged women (40-55 years) with vitamin D deficiency were randomly assigned into two groups: (1) intervention: receiving a 50,000-IU vitamin D soft gel (weekly) plus a 250-mg

It is known that cadmium induces damage to the testis. However, the significant cadmium impact on the testicular architecture and the mechanisms involved in this process are not clear. Besides, the relationship between dose, route, and time of exposure and injuries remains poorly understood. Thus, we aimed to assess whether cadmium exposure in any dose, route, and time of exposure causes significant

Serum concentrations of magnesium and manganese may be associated with increased chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation risk. However, associations with other aspects of asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap, pulmonary function test results and health status, have been studied less extensively. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between serum concentrations

This work aimed to evaluate the salivary concentration of chemical elements in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances and removable aligners. Twelve Angle Class I and II orthodontic patients undergoing treatment with conventional fixed appliances and 15 patients treated with removable aligners provided unstimulated whole saliva samples before treatment (pre) and

The associations between copper and zinc intake with the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and fecal incontinence symptoms in the general population are not well understood. This study aims to evaluate the associations of zinc and copper intake with the risk of IBD and fecal incontinence symptoms in adults aged ≥ 20 years using data from the 2009-2010 National Health and Nutritional Examination

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a metabolic disorder caused by chronic hyperglycemia due to a deficiency in the secretion and/or action of insulin. Zinc (Zn) supplementation and strength exercise increases insulin signaling. We evaluate the effect of Zn supplementation and strength exercise on insulin resistance in the liver of rats with diet-induced T2D through the study of phosphorylation of Akt

Iron is one of the most important trace elements in the body, and its homeostasis is essential to the normal function of the immune system. Complement component C3, which is the converging of three main pathways of complement system activation, plays a key role in the innate immunity. However, the relationship between iron homeostasis and complement C3 remains unknown. The aim of our study was to analyze

Intradialytic hypertension (iHTN) has been related with an increased risk of mortality, with imbalances in trace elements being frequent in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between the levels of blood trace elements and iHTN in MHD patients. A total of 144 MHD patients were enrolled in September, 2019 (66 females; 5616 hemodialysis treatments)

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of the lead exposure-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells. We explored the effects of lead acetate (PbAc) on the oxidation and apoptosis of renal proximal tubular cells (NRK-52E) through in vitro experiments. Results showed that PbAc induced dose-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in NRK-52E cells, and

Lead (Pb) exposure is known to cause T helper 1 (Th1) to T helper 2 (Th2) shift in the immune response. The mechanism responsible for these effects is unclear. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are known as the principal secretor of type 1 interferons (IFNs), which have a stimulatory effect on Th1 differentiation. However, no previous study has explored the effect of Pb on pDCs. Thus, the present

Considering the importance of vegetables as a source of micronutrients and fibers in a balanced diet, there is still a concern that vegetables could also be a source of toxic heavy metal contaminants. The study aimed to determine the concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) in the salad vegetables sold in Tabriz city, Iran, and

Aortic stiffness represents the major cause of aging and tightly associated with hypertension, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, and increased mortality. Mechanical characteristics of the aorta play a vital role in the blood flow, circulation, systolic pressure, and aortic stiffness; however, the correlation of trace element and mineral levels with aortic stiffness has not been studied before

As rare earth (RE) metals are abundantly present in the soil, in spite of their name, it is conceivable that organisms may encounter and interact with RE ions. In the present study, we demonstrated that the soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans avoids RE ions, such as yttrium and all examined lanthanide ions, which exhibit toxic effects on nematodes. We also demonstrated that the chemosensory system

Boric acid and omega-3 are used as essential elements for both animal and human health. Many researchers have shown these beneficial effects on cardiac and inflammatory markers. This study aims to evaluate cardiac protective effect of boric acid and omega-3 against MI (myocardial infarction), probably due to the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines of natriuretic peptides in rats. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley

Nickel boride is generally used in the steel industry as a melting accelerator due to its feature of creating a protective and stable attribute at high temperatures. It is also used to improve the hardenability of the steel with boron addition in the production. Thus, safety studies and biocompatibility analysis of nickel boride should be performed comprehensively to understand the limitations of use

All the world is involved in the COVID-19 disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronavirus is a positive-sense RNA and has an envelope. There is no specific drug for this disease and treatment methods are limited. Malnutrition and electrolyte imbalance can make dysfunction in the immune system and impairment of the immune system causes increasing the risk

The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (The HUNT Study) is a large health survey population study in the county of Trøndelag, Norway. The survey has been repeated four times in about 10-year intervals. In the HUNT3 survey (2006-2008), we collected 28,000 samples for trace element analysis. Blood samples from 758 healthy persons without known occupational exposure were selected for multielement analysis of

Mycogenic synthesis of medically applied zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) were exploited using Penicillium chrysogenum. The biogenesis and capping processes of the produced nano-metals were conducted by functional fungal extracellular enzymes and proteins. The obtained ZnO-NPs and CuO-NPs were characterized. Also, the antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration

Dietary factors may play a key role in the etiology of obesity. The Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) provides a comprehensive overview of the nutrients content of the diet. This study aimed to investigate the association between INQ and obesity in male adolescents. We hypothesize that receiving a high-quality diet reduces the risk of overweight or obese. This study was carried out on 214 obese/overweight

The concentration of 19 metal and non-metal elements in two fishes (Liza subviridis and Sphyraena jello) and associated sediment-seawater from the northern part of the Persian Gulf was measured. The samples were gathered from two industrial ports, one commercial port, and one residential port. The metal accumulation in the muscle and liver of fishes was evaluated. Nickel (mean 362.07-712.83 μg/g) and

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The name of "Yunzhen Chen" is now corrected in the author group.

Chromium is a micronutrient which has found frequent use as supplements during pregnancy and could have a role in altering the antioxidant status in the brain. The present study was undertaken to estimate chromium levels in the brain, antioxidant enzyme activity with their gene expression, and learning and memory parameters on F1 and F2 generation mice when the F0 was exposed to chromium. The chromium

In present study, the levels of some toxic elements in 19 different home-made cosmetic products (spray hair dye, henna, tattoo, eyeliner, eye mascara, smear, lip moisturizer, and lipstick) were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric (ICP-MS) after microwave digestion. The ICP-MS results were verified by the analyzing certificated reference material (EnviroMAT Drinking Water, High)

Trace elements and minerals are essential for cellular physiology and components of biological structures. Previous studies demonstrated that proper serum concentration of trace elements/minerals such as copper maintains optimum function of the immune system, and trace elements/mineral imbalance was associated with various autoimmune disorders. The current study aimed to measure the serum concentrations

Metabolic alterations and inflammation are regarded as hallmarks of cancer. Glycolytic flux and intermediate accumulation lead to the production of building blocks and NADPH which is important in protecting the cell from oxidative damage. Inflammation causes the release of mediators responsible for regulating molecular mechanism affecting metabolic pathways. CaFB due to its cis-diol-rich feature may

The different parts of Platycodon grandiflorum were collected from a medicinal herb garden to determine five heavy metal(loid)s (Pb, Cd, As, Hg, and Cu) contents at different growth stages. The data showed that the plant accumulated varying amounts of metal(loid)s in the order Cu > Hg > Pb > As > Cd. Five heavy metal(loid) concentrations decreased in the early growth stage and then increased in the

Free zinc is involved in signal transduction within mammalian cells, acting as a second messenger. Gold standard for its analysis is currently the use of metal-responsive fluorescent probes. The present study elucidates the impact of instrumentation used for measuring the resulting fluorescence. The free zinc concentration of THP-1 cells loaded with the fluorescent probes Zinpyr-1 (ZP1) or Fluozin-3

The current study was aimed to ascertain the effect of blood lead level on brain tissues in patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 300 human participants ages 27 to 60 years with type 2 diabetes (n = 150) and healthy individuals (n = 150) were included in this study. The serum samples were used for measuring HbA1c and fasting blood glucose. Blood lead level was measured using flame atomic absorption

Excess fluoride intake has been linked with various pathological conditions. The objective of the present study was to understand the role of fluoride in neurotoxic, neuroinflammatory, and neurodegenerative changes in the brain tissue of Wistar rats. Wistar rats were fed with water containing 20-100 ppm (ppm) sodium fluoride (NaF). An array of neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, dopamine, epinephrine

In this study, two kinds of Artemisia plant, Artemisia campestris L. and Artemisia herba-alba Asso., collected from different locations in Djelfa province, Algeria, were subjected to an instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) in order to determine their essential and toxic elements for the first time. The obtained results for both types revealed the existence of twenty-one elements, namely

The purpose of this study was to compare zinc sulfate and zinc threonine chelate based on Zn bioavailability and performance of broiler chicks. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design with 256 day-old Ross 308 chicks and eight treatments including control treatment (no zinc supplementation), three levels of zinc sulfate and zinc threonine chelate (40, 80, and 120 mg zinc per kg feed)

Swarna bindu prashana (SBP) is a metallic medicinal preparation widely used in Ayurveda pediatrics. The main ingredients of SBP are swarna prashan (gold nanoparticle), gou ghrita (cow ghee), madhu (honey), and other medhya dravyas (drugs which enhance intellectual, memory). According to the Indian classical text, SBP has been proposed as a potent medicine for immunotherapies and vaccine development

An in vitro system employing collagen isolated from the sheep tendons to induce mineralization and demineralization reactions was used not only to study the effect of various concentrations of fluoride on the collagen-induced mineralization and demineralization reactions but also to compare their action with the inhibitors of mineralization and/or demineralization. Studies demonstrated that under physiological

Lithium is an integral drug used in the management of acute mania, unipolar and bipolar depression, and prophylaxis of bipolar disorders. Thyroid abnormalities have been associated with treatment with lithium. Zinc is an essential trace element that plays a role in several biological activities. Therefore, the present study was aimed at investigating the potential role of zinc in the thyroid gland

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of nanoselenium (NS) and selenium yeast (SY) on the performance, egg selenium (Se) concentration, and anti-oxidative capacity of hens. A total of 216 Brown Hy-line hens (29-week old) were randomly allocated into three treatments (6 replicate/treatment, 12 hens/replicate). The pre-trial period lasted 7 days, and the experimental period lasted 35

Apoptosis is programmed cell death and its alteration is related to cancer, neurologic, autoimmune, and chronic diseases. A number of factors can affect this process. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of supplemental zinc on apoptosis-related genes in C2C12 myoblast cells after being challenged with a series of stimuli, such as high glucose, insulin, and an inflammatory agent. C2C12 myoblast

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are used immensely in technology and medicine, but very less is known about toxicity mechanism to human epidermal cells. The objective of this study was to evaluate possible anticancer properties of ZnO-NPs on human epidermoid carcinoma cells using MTT assay, measurement of reactive oxygen species, DNA fragmentation, and nuclear condensation. ZnO-NPs were synthesized

With the growing interest in new applications of metals in modern technologies, an increase in their concentration in the environment can be observed, which, in consequence, may constitute a hazard to human health. That is why it is of a great importance to establish "reference" levels of particular elements (essential or toxic) in human biological samples.The aim of this paper was to determine nickel

Preeclampsia, a pregnancy disorder that includes hypertension and proteinuria, is a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Some studies, but not all, have found that women with preeclampsia have significantly lower iodine levels than healthy pregnant women. Resolving this issue is important because iodine deficiency in pregnancy is common in the USA and parts of Europe including

Different environmental toxins especially heavy metals exist in soil, water, and air recording toxic effect on human, animal, and plant. These toxicant elements are widespread in environment causing various disturbances in biological systems. Numerous strategies have been applied recently to alleviate heavy metal contamination; however, most of these strategies were costly and seemed unfriendly to

The stomach is among the organs grossly affected organ by diabetic complications. The present study was aimed at investigating the protective role of zinc on stomach of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus. Female Swiss albino rats were divided in four experimental groups: Group I, control; group II, control + zinc sulfate; group III, STZ-induced diabetic animals; and group IV, STZ-diabetic

The combined bioceramic of selenium (Se) and hydroxyapatite (HA) has been considered as a moderate bone scaffold biomaterial. In the present work, Se was doped into the HA structure using the mechano-chemical alloying (MCA) method for the improvement of osteogenic properties of HA. HA extracted from fish bone and Se-doped hydroxyapatite (Se-HA) were analyzed using X-ray diffraction spectra (XRD), scanning

BACKGROUND With the rising incidence of chronic diseases, and the increase of aging population has led to multimorbidity a serious public health problem. The aim of this study was to explore the association between metal exposures and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), which will provide valuable information for improving quality of life and reducing mortality. METHODS The study sample consists of three

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. In Table 2, last column, the header should be Na+/K+-ATPase.