The production of soya is very important for the global food security, and the drying process exerts great impact on grain quality. The irregular flow of the grain in a mixed flow dryer can produce a non-uniform drying of the grains. The objectives of this work were to verify the suitability of the use of the discrete element method simulations in a quasi-two-dimensional domain, to perform experiments

We report here the results of three successive toxicity studies against a selection of forest insect pests, conducted in New Zealand to determine the efficacy of reduced methyl bromide (MB) rates, i.e. rates lower than those currently used, to disinfest export pine logs. First, the relative tolerance to MB among the naked life stages of the golden-haired bark beetle, Hylurgus ligniperda, the black

The persistence of a commercially available diatomaceous earth (DE) formulation (SilicoSec®) against Sitophilus granarius, Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium confusum on wheat at four dose rates (500–2000 mg/kg) during a 360-day period of storage was assessed. Mortality of S. granarius were 76.0, 88.4, 93.2 and 95.6% at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days, respectively at 0 month at a dosage of 2000 mg/kg, whereas

Incessant interactions between biotic and abiotic factors affect the physical quality of harvested, stored, and marketed beans. We investigated the interactions between variety and method of storage on the quality of harvested and stored beans in four contrasting agro-locations. Focus group discussions identified three varieties - a local speckled purple variety (Sp), and two improved ones: oval-shaped

Lipid oxidation and discoloration are two important problems in the storage of pastırma, a meat product. In this research, the usability of lyophilized red beet water extract (LRBWE) in cemen paste and its effects on the pastırma quality (especially colour, protein and lipid oxidation, microbial and sensory properties) were investigated during storage. Two trials were conducted; in trial 1, LRBWE was

The use of high-pressure carbon dioxide and heating applications has been more popular against stored product insect pests recently. We designed and constructed a modern automated controlled atmosphere system based on carbon dioxide under different pressures and temperature regimes for the management of the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) (RFB) and saw-toothed grain beetle (Oryzaephilus surinamensis)

Statistical models were developed to estimate the density of Sitophilus zeamais adults in a flat storage warehouse holding 230 tonne of wheat with 12.4 ± 0.2% (wet basis) moisture content at 18–33 °C. Published data were used to develop the models. To valid the developed models, trapping and manual sampling with 15 kg of sampling unit at five locations were conducted in the warehouse for more than

To reduce post-harvest losses of food produce and ensure a better return to marginal farmers, a small cold storage has been developed using a domestic split air conditioner. The developed solar-powered cold storage is a low cost, simple and energy-efficient unit. Installation, operation and maintenance costs of the cold storage are also less. The cold storage is integrated with IoT-based sensors for

Habrobracon hebetor (Say) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is one of the most studied parasitoids for biological control of pest’s moths in postharvest environment. However, little is known about the searching behavior and learning ability of this braconid regarding host localization. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the chemotaxic behavior of female H. hebetor with and without parasitism experience to

Adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) biosynthesize aggregation pheromones 4,8-dimethyldecanal and dominicalure-1/dominicalure-2, respectively. These pheromones are commonly used independently, and their simultaneous use has not been adequately studied. Furthermore, information on trapping flying R. dominica in pheromone traps is minimum. Therefore, the objectives were

The current study presents the design and evaluation of a laboratory device combining mechanical motion of wheat grain and turbulent air streaming inside a positive pneumatic conveyor system. The device recovers microparticulate nano-engineered alumina insecticide powders (NAIP) from treated grain. The particle removal efficiency of the conveying system was experimentally quantified by using a laboratory

Dry-cured hams are frequently infested by mold and Tyrophagus putrescentiae in the aging facility during the 3 mo to 2-year aging period. Food grade coatings and these coating treated nets have been developed to control mold and mite growth on dry-cured hams to curtail the use of methyl bromide. Ham nets treated with food-grade coating of 1% propylene glycol alginate + 1% carrageenan + 40% propylene

This study was designed to determine the quantitative and qualitative losses of stored grains that arise from insect infestation in three districts of southwestern Ethiopia. One district was selected from each zone based on the production potential of the target crops (maize, sorghum, wheat and fababean). A total of 240 farmers’ stores from all districts were randomly selected. The grain samples used

Cocoa is a crop that serves as a major source of income in some countries, but its production has been affected by red flour beetles, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). In this study, we aimed to predict the global potential distribution of T. castaneum under the current climate and in response to climate change (2050 and 2100). In addition, we attempted to use the results for estimating damage and economic

Naturally infested paddy rice was used to compare the effectiveness of polypropylene bags and hermetic storage containers over 12 months of storage in a warehouse. Insect pest identification as well as the infestation level, percentage of damaged grain, weight loss, and moisture content were evaluated. Five insect species associated with stored rice were identified during the storage period, namely

This study presents the sensitivity analysis of Ellis and Roberts (1980a, 1980b) viability model as this is derived from the contribution of moisture content, seed temperature and time step variables. The analysis revealed significant increase in sensitivity of viability regarding the time variable for Δt<72min which is often adopted in computational modelling. For Δt>720min, the moisture content variable

We assessed the effectiveness of a pheromone auto-confusion method applied for a three-year study (Years 1–3) in a confectionery factory store infested by almond moths, Ephestia cautella (Walker), based on pheromone traps and the presence of spermatophores in females captured with water traps. The application of Exosect® SP Tab pheromone dispensers, at a rate of 1 tablet per 25 m2 floor area, combined

Pastırma is a dry-cured and dried meat product and its coating with a paste defined as “cemening” is one of the most important stages in the formation of its color and quality. However, discoloration is an important problem during production and storage. In this study, the effects of lyophilized red cabbage water extracts (LRCWE; 0.0%, 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.2%) and pH values (4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5 and 6.0)

The use of radio frequency (RF) heating to reach temperatures lethal to stored product pests has significant potential. We examined the lethal effects of RF on the stored grain pest, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), under four different RFs, three types of grain, and different moisture contents of rice. The quality of two rice cultivars, after RF heating, was also tested. When

The widespread use of synthetic insecticides results in insecticide-resistant populations of maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a primary pest species of stored corn worldwide. Thus, new active ingredients with different modes of action are needed for integrated pest management (IPM) of stored grains. Thus, toxicological bioassays (using S. zeamais as bioindicator)

In this study individual and combined effects of some chemical and physical factors including cypermethrin, dichlorvos, ash, kaolin and high temperatures were assessed on adults of cowpea seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) at laboratory conditions. The adults were exposed to the studied factors on concrete arenas prepared in plastic Petri dishes. Twenty up to 24 h old adults were released in

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of storage period (0, 2, 4, and 6 months) and temperature (15 °C, 25 °C, and 35 °C) on the germination, vigor, technological properties, starch digestion, and phenolic compound content of mung beans. The germination, vigor, protein solubility, inhibition of the ABTS radicals, and the total free and bound phenolic compound content reduced while cooking time,

To assess the susceptibility of pseudocereals (amaranth and quinoa), minor cereals (teff and millet), and oilseeds (chia and hemp), now commercially available on the European market, to attacks by polyphagous and cosmopolitan insect pests, laboratory tests were set up. Tests involving controlled infestation of seeds, using laboratory-bred insects (Tenebrio molitor, Tribolium confusum, Oryzaephilus

Phosphine (PH3) fumigation resulting in sub-lethal exposure has led to the development of phosphine resistance in many stored-product insect species worldwide and is a major challenge to the continued effective use of phosphine. In 2016 phosphine resistance was found in Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) collected from California dried fruit and nut processing facilities

Acoustical detection of insects feeding and crawling sounds was used to automatically monitor internal and external grain feeding bruchids in order to assess the growth and density of food legume bruchids (Callosobruchus chinensis and Callosobruchus maculatus) in bulk stored chickpea and green gram. Bruchids hidden inside the grain kernels were detected acoustically through amplification and filtering

Protein tyrosine phosphatase is a type of enzyme commonly found in eukaryotes that specifically hydrolyzes tyrosine phosphate bonds on protein substrates to remove phosphate, thereby regulating protein functions or even cell functions. In this study, we used the model insect Tribolium castaneum to study the sequence characteristics and functions on trehalose metabolism of two PTP proteins in T. castaneum

Production and productivity of rice is reduced due to the emerging disease grain discoloration. The disease is a complex symptom due to the association of a number of pathogenic and saprophytic fungi that infect the rice grains both in field and storage conditions. These pathogens not only reduce yield and quality, but also produce harmful mycotoxins which are detrimental to human and animal life.

Anti-vitamin K (AVK) compounds are highly potent anticoagulants which are particularly effective for controlling rodent species populations. AVKs have been the most widely used chemical rodenticide option employed since the 1950s for the control of rodents infesting stored commodities and storage facilities, and also in a wide range of other scenarios. However, reports of AVK resistance in wild rodent

Psocids inhabit stored foods and cereals and cause serious problems with regard to food hygiene. They are a major target for pest control around the world, including Japan. Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel (Psocoptera: Liposcelidae) is a representative species of household psocid that prefers to feed on fungi while also spreading fungi in the site it inhabits; it is therefore recognized as an indicator

Present study envisages the potential of triple layer bags for reducing pulse beetle infestation under laboratory conditions over six months of storage. It was observed that when chickpea grain was stored in jute bags with bruchid infestation, the germination percentage decreased significantly from 84.67 to 18.67% in six months of storage. But, the grain stored in jute bags without infestation the

Under laboratory experimental condition female Adzuki bean beetles, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) are known to evenly distribute their eggs over grains available for egg laying. However, currently there are no data on pattern of egg distribution by Adzuki bean beetle in large quantity of chickpea grain stored for extended period of time. The objective of this study was to determine the number and distribution

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) grain is an important source of protein for smallholder farmers in developing countries. However, cowpea grain is highly susceptible to bruchid attack, resulting in high quantitative and qualitative postharvest losses (PHLs). We evaluated the performance of five different hermetic bag brands for cowpea grain storage in two contrasting agro-ecological zones of Zimbabwe

Landraces are used in breeding programs as a source of resistance and compose a small group of genetic materials accepted under organic seed production. The goal of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of Brazilian landraces grains to the attack of Sitophilus zeamais. Ten different landraces were subjected to the attack of S. zeamais in choice and no-choice experiments. We evaluated the number

Nitric oxide (NO) was a recently discovered fumigant for postharvest pest control. Because NO reacts with oxygen (O2) spontaneously to form nitrogen dioxide (NO2), NO fumigation must be conducted under ultralow oxygen (ULO) atmospheres to preserve NO and nitrogen (N2) has been used to establish ULO atmospheres in NO fumigation studies in the past. However, carbon dioxide (CO2) can also be used to ULO

A study on the “Biochemical changes in groundnut pods due to infestation of bruchid, Caryedon serratus (Olivier) under stored conditions” was conducted at Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, SVPUA&T, Meerut during August 2018 to February 2019. Results of the study showed that there was significant increase in weight loss of the groundnut pods (test varieties) with the increase in storage

Filling and discharge tests of reduced-scale and full-scale squat silos with aboveground conveying channels are carried out to investigate the pressure distribution and the overpressure evolution on the wall and the channel. The filling tests imply that the pressure distribution on the wall bottom is significantly influenced by the channel. Rankine’s active earth pressure equation gives accurate prediction

Tyrophagus putrescentiae (ham mite) is difficult for commercial dry cured ham producers to control. Methyl bromide is an effective fumigant but is now banned as an ozone depleting substance, meaning alternative methods to control mite infestation must be found. This research was conducted to test the efficacy of C8C9C10 fatty acids combined with and without food grade coatings to control mite infestations

Wood products, particularly whole, unprocessed logs, are a significant risk pathway for forest insect pests. Freshly harvested logs continue to respire, creating a high carbon dioxide (CO2), and low oxygen (O2) atmosphere in enclosed spaces. Such modified atmospheres may reduce the effectiveness of insect control treatments applied during the transit of logs, making it important to accurately quantify

Coffee is an important agricultural commodity worldwide. Its quality is influenced by several factors that can damage kernels, changing the product composition, flavor, appearance, and causing weight loss. Mathematical models for estimating the dry matter loss of coffee were not found in scientific literature. This study deals with the calibration and validation of a model for predicting the dry matter

The lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae), is an important pest of stored grains globally. In this study, the impact of geographical origin on male mating success and lateralization in three strains of R. dominica (i.e., a Greek strain, a Romanian strain and a Turkish strain) was investigated. Concerning the Greek strain, even though most males showed a left-biased

Phase-out, impending ban, and developing insect resistance to the commonly used insecticides for stored grains pose serious challenges to the scientific community and it is imperative to develop effective pest management strategies. Identification and testing of new compounds are potential options to deal with the growing threat. Ethylenesulphonyl fluoride (ESF), a new synthetic compound, is one of

The distribution of Trogoderma granarium Everts has expanded steadily in recent years. This is a very destructive coleopteran species with many economic implications for the trade of grains in countries where it is present. Therefore, it is important to gather data that can confirm or reject the pest’s establishment in a particular country. Spain has been cited as a location where the species is established;

Weevils (Sitophilus zeamais) are the most harmful stored-grain pest, and they appear as damage inside wheat kernels. The morphological changes to the inner kernel structure that occur after weevil infestation have not been thoroughly studied. Rapid and non-destructive methods for studying weevil damage would be readily accepted by the grain storage and quality control industry. Traditional research

The current investigation was conducted to estimate the resistance level against deltamethrin in fourth and sixth instar larvae of Trogoderma granarium collected from wheat storage warehouses of Dera Ghazi Khan (DGK), Okara (OKR) and Gujranwala (GUW). Results showed that the fourth and sixth instar larvae of collected strains warehouses moderately resistant to deltamethrin compared with the same developmental

The bacterial formulations, spinosad and spinetoram, were evaluated for their efficacy in suppressing development and mating success in Cadra cautella (Walk.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), the almond moth. A dilution series of spinosad and spinetoram was sprayed on rice flour. Rice flour samples sprayed with water served as the control. Late instar C. cautella larvae were introduced onto spinosad-, spinetoram-

In Mexico, smallholder farmers use a variety of technologies to store their maize grain for several months, which may result in high losses in quantity and quality of grain. This work compared the effectiveness of different storage technologies for minimizing losses in smallholder conditions in 109 different locations from 21 to 2816 m above sea level (asl) across different agroecological zones of

This study aimed to investigate the oxidative stability of cold-pressed bitter and sweet almond oil under accelerated aging conditions. The oxidative stability of both oils was analyzed using as physicochemical metrics: fatty acid (FA) composition, sterol content, chlorophyll and carotenoid level, tocopherol level, iodine index, free fatty acid, Peroxide value and specific extinction coefficients K232–K270

Rhyzopertha dominica male adults produce an aggregation pheromone that attracts both sexes. While many studies have tested the behavioral response of R. dominica adults to its aggregation pheromone, information on the distance of attraction and effective pheromone concentration are lacking. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the recapture rate of R. dominica adults released at

The red-legged ham beetle, Necrobia rufipes DeGeer (Coleoptera: Cleridae), is an important world-wide insect pest of stored-products of animal origin, but it can also infest a wider range of commodities. A review detailing the biology of N. rufipes including the morphology, development and reproduction of this pest is presented. This review also illustrates various aspects of its integrated control

Laboratory experiments were carried out to evaluate the impact of zeolites of different origins on the mortality of the maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky). We tested the efficacy of natural zeolites (Slovenian and Serbian) and a synthetic zeolite (Asorbio®). Diatomaceous earth (SilicoSec®) was used as a positive control. We applied the zeolites as surface treatments (at concentrations of