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Acknowledgment to Reviewers of Antioxidants in 2020 Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 Antioxidants Editorial Office
Note: In lieu of an abstract, this is an excerpt from the first page. Peer review is the driving force of journal development, and reviewers are gatekeepers who ensure that Antioxidants maintains its standards for the high quality of its published papers [...]
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Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Cardiovascular Diseases Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 Raelene J. Pickering
Note: In lieu of an abstract, this is an excerpt from the first page. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which include a number of cardiac and vascular conditions, resulted in approximately 17 [...]
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Novel and Converging Ways of NOX2 and SOD3 in Trafficking and Redox Signaling in Macrophages Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 Steen Vang Petersen; Nanna Bach Poulsen; Cecilie Linneberg Matthiesen; Frederik Vilhardt
Macrophages and related tissue macrophage populations use the classical NADPH oxidase (NOX2) for the regulated production of superoxide and derived oxidants for pathogen combat and redox signaling. With an emphasis on macrophages, we discuss how sorting into secretory storage vesicles, agonist-responsive membrane trafficking, and segregation into sphingolipid and cholesterol-enriched microdomains (lipid
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Alpha-Tocopherol Metabolites (the Vitamin E Metabolome) and Their Interindividual Variability during Supplementation Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 Desirée Bartolini; Rita Marinelli; Danilo Giusepponi; Roberta Galarini; Carolina Barola; Anna Maria Stabile; Bartolomeo Sebastiani; Fabiola Paoletti; Michele Betti; Mario Rende; Francesco Galli
The metabolism of α-tocopherol (α-TOH, vitamin E) shows marked interindividual variability, which may influence the response to nutritional and therapeutic interventions with this vitamin. Recently, new metabolomics protocols have fostered the possibility to explore such variability for the different metabolites of α-TOH so far identified in human blood, i.e., the “vitamin E metabolome”, some of which
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Activation of Nrf2 by Electrophiles Is Largely Independent of the Selenium Status of HepG2 Cells Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-23 Sarah Tauber; Maria Katharina Sieckmann; Katrin Erler; Wilhelm Stahl; Lars-Oliver Klotz; Holger Steinbrenner
Selenoenzymes, whose activity depends on adequate selenium (Se) supply, and phase II enzymes, encoded by target genes of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), take part in governing cellular redox homeostasis. Their interplay is still not entirely understood. Here, we exposed HepG2 hepatoma cells cultured under Se-deficient, Se-adequate, or Se-supranutritional conditions to the Nrf2 activators
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Analysis of Lipid Peroxidation by UPLC-MS/MS and Retinoprotective Effects of the Natural Polyphenol Pterostilbene Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-23 Isabel Torres-Cuevas; Iván Millán; Miguel Asensi; Máximo Vento; Camille Oger; Jean-Marie Galano; Thierry Durand; Ángel L. Ortega
The loss of redox homeostasis induced by hyperglycemia is an early sign and key factor in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Due to the high level of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, diabetic retina is highly susceptible to lipid peroxidation, source of pathophysiological alterations in diabetic retinopathy. Previous studies have shown that pterostilbene, a natural antioxidant polyphenol
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Possible Beneficial Effects of N-Acetylcysteine for Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-24 Youngjoo Kwon
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a widely used antioxidant with therapeutic potential. However, the cancer-promoting effect of NAC observed in some preclinical studies has raised concerns regarding its clinical use. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can mediate signaling that results in both cancer-promoting and cancer-suppressing effects. The beneficial effect of NAC may depend on whether the type of cancer
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Oxidative Stress and Gene Expression Modifications Mediated by Extracellular Vesicles: An In Vivo Study of the Radiation-Induced Bystander Effect Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Rita Hargitai; Dávid Kis; Eszter Persa; Tünde Szatmári; Géza Sáfrány; Katalin Lumniczky
Radiation-induced bystander effect is a biological response in nonirradiated cells receiving signals from cells exposed to ionising radiation. The aim of this in vivo study was to analyse whether extracellular vesicles (EVs) originating from irradiated mice could induce modifications in the redox status and expression of radiation-response genes in bystander mice. C57BL/6 mice were whole-body irradiated
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The Effect of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Capacity of Diet on Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Phenotype: Nutrition as Therapeutic Tool? Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Pelagia Katsimbri; Emmanouil Korakas; Aikaterini Kountouri; Ignatios Ikonomidis; Elias Tsougos; Dionysios Vlachos; Evangelia Papadavid; Athanasios Raptis; Vaia Lambadiari
Chronic inflammation and increased oxidative stress are contributing factors to many non-communicable diseases. A growing body of evidence indicates that dietary nutrients can activate the immune system and may lead to the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Fatty acids as macronutrients are key players for immunomodulation, with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids having the most beneficial
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Protective Role of Natural and Semi-Synthetic Tocopherols on TNFα-Induced ROS Production and ICAM-1 and Cl-2 Expression in HT29 Intestinal Epithelial Cells Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Vladana Domazetovic; Irene Falsetti; Caterina Viglianisi; Kristian Vasa; Cinzia Aurilia; Maria Stio; Stefano Menichetti; Teresa Iantomasi
Vitamin E, a fat-soluble compound, possesses both antioxidant and non-antioxidant properties. In this study we evaluated, in intestinal HT29 cells, the role of natural tocopherols, α-Toc and δ-Toc, and two semi-synthetic derivatives, namely bis-δ-Toc sulfide (δ-Toc)2S and bis-δ-Toc disulfide (δ-Toc)2S2, on TNFα-induced oxidative stress, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and claudin-2 (Cl-2)
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Betulinic Acid Alleviates Spleen Oxidative Damage Induced by Acute Intraperitoneal Exposure to T-2 Toxin by Activating Nrf2 and Inhibiting MAPK Signaling Pathways Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Li Kong; Lijuan Zhu; Xianglian Yi; You Huang; Haoqiang Zhao; Yazhi Chen; Zhihang Yuan; Lixin Wen; Jing Wu; Jine Yi
T-2 toxin, which is mainly produced by specific strains of Fusarium in nature, can induce immunotoxicity and oxidative stress, resulting in immune organ dysfunction and apoptosis. Betulinic acid (BA), a pentacyclic triterpenoids from nature plants, has been demonstrated to possess immunomodulating and antioxidative bioactivities. The purpose of the study was to explore the effect of BA on T-2 toxin-challenged
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Depleted Myocardial Coenzyme Q10 in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with Congestive Heart Failure Due to Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Liselotte B. Christiansen; Maria J. Reimann; Anne Marie V. Schou-Pedersen; Steen Larsen; Jens Lykkesfeldt; Lisbeth H. Olsen
Congestive heart failure (CHF) has been associated with depleted myocardial coenzyme Q10 (Q10) concentrations in human patients. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between myocardial Q10 concentrations and myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) severity in dogs. Furthermore, citrate synthase (CS) activity was analysed to determine if a reduction in myocardial Q10 was associated with
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Positive Associations of Dietary Intake and Plasma Concentrations of Vitamin E with Skeletal Muscle Mass, Heel Bone Ultrasound Attenuation and Fracture Risk in the EPIC-Norfolk Cohort Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Angela A. Mulligan; Richard P. G. Hayhoe; Robert N. Luben; Ailsa A. Welch
The prevalence of sarcopenia, frailty and fractures is increasing. Prevention options are limited, but dietary factors including vitamin E have the potential to confer some protection. This study investigated cross-sectional associations between dietary and plasma concentrations of vitamin E with indices of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) (n = 14,179 and 4283, respectively) and bone density (n = 14,694
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Recent Progress in the Study of Peroxiredoxin in the Harmful Algal Bloom Species Chattonella marina Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Yohei Shimasaki; Koki Mukai; Yuki Takai; Xuchun Qiu; Yuji Oshima
Peroxiredoxin (Prx) is a relatively recently discovered antioxidant enzyme family that scavenges peroxides and is known to be present in organisms from biological taxa ranging from bacteria to multicellular eukaryotes, including photosynthetic organisms. Although there have been many studies of the Prx family in higher plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria, few studies have concerned raphidophytes
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Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants MitoQ and MitoTEMPO Do Not Influence BRAF-Driven Malignant Melanoma and KRAS-Driven Lung Cancer Progression in Mice Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Kristell Le Gal; Clotilde Wiel; Mohamed X. Ibrahim; Marcus Henricsson; Volkan I. Sayin; Martin O. Bergo
Cancer cells produce high levels of mitochondria-associated reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can damage macromolecules, but also promote cell signaling and proliferation. Therefore, mitochondria-targeted antioxidants have been suggested to be useful in anti-cancer therapy, but no studies have convincingly addressed this question. Here, we administered the mitochondria-targeted antioxidants MitoQ
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Reevaluation of Serum Arylesterase Activity in Neurodevelopmental Disorders Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Ignazio Stefano Piras; Stefano Gabriele; Laura Altieri; Federica Lombardi; Roberto Sacco; Carla Lintas; Barbara Manzi; Paolo Curatolo; Maria Nobile; Catia Rigoletto; Massimo Molteni; Antonio M. Persico
Organophosphate compounds (OPs) interfere with neurodevelopment and are neurotoxic for humans and animals. They are first biotransformed to the more toxic oxon form, and then hydrolyzed to specific metabolites by the enzyme paraoxonase/arylesterase, encoded by the gene PON1 located on human chr. 7q21.3. In autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a correlation
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Brewing By-Product Upcycling Potential: Nutritionally Valuable Compounds and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Elisabetta Bravi; Giovanni De Francesco; Valeria Sileoni; Giuseppe Perretti; Fernanda Galgano; Ombretta Marconi
The brewing industry produces high quantities of solid and liquid waste, causing disposal issues. Brewing spent grains (BSGs) and brewing spent hop (BSH) are important by-products of the brewing industry and possess a high-value chemical composition. In this study, BSG and BSH, obtained from the production process of two different types of ale beer (Imperial red and Belgian strong beer) were characterized
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Lipid Oxidation and Colour Stability of Lamb and Yearling Meat (Muscle Longissimus Lumborum) from SheepSupplemented with Camelina-Based Diets after Short-,Medium-, and Long-Term Storage Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Eric N. Ponnampalam; Kym L. Butler; Stephanie K. Muir; Tim E. Plozza; Matthew G. Kerr; Wayne G. Brown; Joe L. Jacobs; Matthew I. Knight
This study investigated the impact of feeding pelleted diets containing camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz) hay (CAHP) or camelina meal (CAMP) as a supplement compared with a control pellet (CONP) diet, without vitamin E fortification. The fatty acid profile, retail colour, and lipid oxidative stability of lamb and yearling meat (m. longissimus lumborum) stored for short-, medium-, or long-periods
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Function and Regulation of Chloroplast Peroxiredoxin IIE Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Anna Dreyer; Patrick Treffon; Daniel Basiry; Anna Maria Jozefowicz; Andrea Matros; Hans-Peter Mock; Karl-Josef Dietz
Peroxiredoxins (PRX) are thiol peroxidases that are highly conserved throughout all biological kingdoms. Increasing evidence suggests that their high reactivity toward peroxides has a function not only in antioxidant defense but in particular in redox regulation of the cell. Peroxiredoxin IIE (PRX-IIE) is one of three PRX types found in plastids and has previously been linked to pathogen defense and
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How N-Acetylcysteine Supplementation Affects Redox Regulation, Especially at Mitohormesis and Sarcohormesis Level: Current Perspective Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Aslı Devrim-Lanpir; Lee Hill; Beat Knechtle
Exercise frequently alters the metabolic processes of oxidative metabolism in athletes, including exposure to extreme reactive oxygen species impairing exercise performance. Therefore, both researchers and athletes have been consistently investigating the possible strategies to improve metabolic adaptations to exercise-induced oxidative stress. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been applied as a therapeutic
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Suicidal Erythrocyte Death in Metabolic Syndrome Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Ignazio Restivo; Alessandro Attanzio; Luisa Tesoriere; Mario Allegra
Eryptosis is a coordinated, programmed cell death culminating with the disposal of cells without disruption of the cell membrane and the release of endocellular oxidative and pro-inflammatory milieu. While providing a convenient form of death for erythrocytes, dysregulated eryptosis may result in a series of detrimental and harmful pathological consequences highly related to the endothelial dysfunction
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Oxygen-sensitivity and Pulmonary Selectivity of Vasodilators as Potential Drugs for Pulmonary Hypertension Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Daniel Morales-Cano; Bianca Barreira; Beatriz De Olaiz Navarro; María Callejo; Gema Mondejar-Parreño; Sergio Esquivel-Ruiz; Jose A. Lorente; Laura Moreno; Joan A. Barberá; Ángel Cogolludo; Francisco Perez-Vizcaino
Current approved therapies for pulmonary hypertension (PH) aim to restore the balance between endothelial mediators in the pulmonary circulation. These drugs may exert vasodilator effects on poorly oxygenated vessels. This may lead to the derivation of blood perfusion towards low ventilated alveoli, i.e., producing ventilation-perfusion mismatch, with detrimental effects on gas exchange. The aim of
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Embryo and Its Mitochondria Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Pascale May-Panloup; Magalie Boguenet; Hady El Hachem; Pierre-Emmanuel Bouet; Pascal Reynier
The mitochondria, present in almost all eukaryotic cells, produce energy but also contribute to many other essential cellular functions. One of the unique characteristics of the mitochondria is that they have their own genome, which is only maternally transmitted via highly specific mechanisms that occur during gametogenesis and embryogenesis. The mature oocyte has the highest mitochondrial DNA copy
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Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Citrus Flavanones Mix and its Stability after In Vitro Simulated Digestion Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Marcella Denaro; Antonella Smeriglio; Domenico Trombetta
Recently, several studies have highlighted the role of Citrus flavanones in counteracting oxidative stress and inflammatory response in bowel diseases. The aim of study was to identify the most promising Citrus flavanones by a preliminary antioxidant and anti-inflammatory screening by in vitro cell-free assays, and then to mix the most powerful ones in equimolar ratio in order to investigate a potential
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Analytical Profile and Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Enriched Polyphenol Fractions Isolated from Bergamot Fruit and Leave Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Giovanna Baron; Alessandra Altomare; Marco Mol; Jessica Leite Garcia; Camila Correa; Angela Raucci; Luigi Mancinelli; Sarah Mazzotta; Laura Fumagalli; Giuseppe Trunfio; Luigi Tucci; Elena Lombardo; Domenico Malara; Elzbieta Janda; Vincenzo Mollace; Marina Carini; Ezio Bombardelli; Giancarlo Aldini
The aim of the study is to compare the qualitative and semi-quantitative profile of the polyphenol fraction purified from the leaf (BLPF) and fruit (BFPF) of bergamot (Citrus bergamia), and to evaluate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. The analytical qualitative profile was carried out by LC-ESI/MS using three different approaches: targeted (searching analytes already reported in bergamot
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Dietary Polyphenols in Metabolic and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Molecular Targets in Autophagy and Biological Effects Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Ana García-Aguilar; Olga Palomino; Manuel Benito; Carlos Guillén
Polyphenols represent a group of secondary metabolites of plants which have been analyzed as potent regulators of multiple biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy, among others. These natural compounds exhibit beneficial effects and protection against inflammation, oxidative stress, and related injuries including metabolic diseases, such as cardiovascular damage
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Ubiquinol Supplementation Improves Gender-Dependent Cerebral Vasoreactivity and Ameliorates Chronic Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Sonia García-Carpintero; Javier Domínguez-Bértalo; Cristina Pedrero-Prieto; Javier Frontiñán-Rubio; Mariano Amo-Salas; Mario Durán-Prado; Eloy García-Pérez; Julia Vaamonde; Francisco J. Alcain
Ubiquinol can protect endothelial cells from multiple mechanisms that cause endothelial damage and vascular dysfunction, thus contributing to dementia. A total of 69 participants diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) received either 200 mg/day ubiquinol (Ub) or placebo for 1 year. Cognitive assessment of patients was performed at baseline and after 1 year of follow-up. Patients’ cerebral vasoreactivity
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Neurophysiological Effects of Whole Coffee Cherry Extract in Older Adults with Subjective Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over Pilot Study Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Jennifer L. Robinson; Julio A. Yanes; Meredith A. Reid; Jerry E. Murphy; Jessica N. Busler; Petey W. Mumford.; Kaelin C. Young.; Zbigniew J. Pietrzkowski; Boris V. Nemzer; John M. Hunter; Darren T. Beck
Bioactive plant-based compounds have shown promise as protective agents across multiple domains including improvements in neurological and psychological measures. Methodological challenges have limited our understanding of the neurophysiological changes associated with polyphenol-rich supplements such as whole coffee cherry extract (WCCE). In the current study, we (1) compared 100 mg of WCCE to a placebo
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Isoprostanes in Veterinary Medicine: Beyond a Biomarker Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Ashley K. Putman; G. Andres Contreras; Lorraine M. Sordillo
Oxidative stress has been associated with many pathologies, in both human and animal medicine. Damage to tissue components such as lipids is a defining feature of oxidative stress and can lead to the generation of many oxidized products, including isoprostanes (IsoP). First recognized in the early 1990s, IsoP are formed in numerous biological fluids and tissues, chemically stable, and easily measured
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The Role of Antioxidants Supplementation in Clinical Practice: Focus on Cardiovascular Risk Factors Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Vittoria Cammisotto; Cristina Nocella; Simona Bartimoccia; Valerio Sanguigni; Davide Francomano; Sebastiano Sciarretta; Daniele Pastori; Mariangela Peruzzi; Elena Cavarretta; Alessandra D’Amico; Valentina Castellani; Giacomo Frati; Roberto Carnevale; SMiLe Group
Oxidative stress may be defined as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant system to counteract or detoxify these potentially damaging molecules. This phenomenon is a common feature of many human disorders, such as cardiovascular disease. Many of the risk factors, including smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and obesity, are associated with an increased
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Subchronic N-acetylcysteine Treatment Decreases Brain Kynurenic Acid Levels and Improves Cognitive Performance in Mice Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Tonali Blanco Blanco Ayala; Daniela Ramírez Ramírez Ortega; Paulina Ovalle Ovalle Rodríguez; Benjamín Pineda; Gonzalo Pérez de la Pérez de la Cruz; Dinora González González Esquivel; Robert Schwarcz; Korrapati V. Sathyasaikumar; Anabel Jiménez Jiménez Anguiano; Verónica Pérez de la Pérez de la Cruz
The tryptophan (Trp) metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an α7-nicotinic and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist. Elevated brain KYNA levels are commonly seen in psychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases and may be related to cognitive impairments. Recently, we showed that N-acetylcysteine (NAC) inhibits kynurenine aminotransferase II (KAT II), KYNA’s key biosynthetic enzyme, and reduces
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Functionalization of Betulinic Acid with Polyphenolic Fragments for the Development of New Amphiphilic Antioxidants Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Joana L. C. Sousa; Cristiana Gonçalves; Ricardo M. Ferreira; Susana M. Cardoso; Carmen S. R. Freire; Armando J. D. Silvestre; Artur M. S. Silva
The present work aimed at the valorization of biomass derived compounds by their transformation into new added-value compounds with enhanced antioxidant properties. In this context, betulinic acid (BA) was decorated with polyphenolic fragments, and polyhydroxylated (E)-2-benzylidene-19,28-epoxyoleanane-3,28-diones 4a–d were obtained. For that, the synthetic strategy relied on base-promoted aldol condensation
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Urban Aerosol Particulate Matter Promotes Necrosis and Autophagy via Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Cellular Disorders that are Accompanied by Cell Cycle Arrest in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Hyesook Lee; Da Hye Kim; Jeong-Hwan Kim; Seh-Kwang Park; Ji-Won Jeong; Mi-Young Kim; Seok-Ho Hong; Kyoung Seob Song; Gi-Young Kim; Jin Won Hyun; Yung Hyun Choi
Urban particulate matter (UPM) is recognized as a grave public health problem worldwide. Although a few studies have linked UPM to ocular surface diseases, few studies have reported on retinal dysfunction. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of UPM on the retina and identify the main mechanism of UPM toxicity. In this study, we found that UPM significantly induced cytotoxicity
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Unique Cellular and Biochemical Features of Human Mitochondrial Peroxiredoxin 3 Establish the Molecular Basis for Its Specific Reaction with Thiostrepton Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Kimberly J. Nelson; Terri Messier; Stephanie Milczarek; Alexis Saaman; Stacie Beuschel; Uma Gandhi; Nicholas Heintz; Terrence L. Smalley; W. Todd Lowther; Brian Todd Cunniff
A central hallmark of tumorigenesis is metabolic alterations that increase mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS). In response, cancer cells upregulate their antioxidant capacity and redox-responsive signaling pathways. A promising chemotherapeutic approach is to increase ROS to levels incompatible with tumor cell survival. Mitochondrial peroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3) plays a significant role in detoxifying
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A Comparative Investigation on Phenolic Composition, Characterization and Antioxidant Potentials of Five Different Australian Grown Pear Varieties Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Zening Wang; Colin J. Barrow; Frank R. Dunshea; Hafiz A.R. Suleria
Pear (Pyrus communis L.) is widely spread throughout the temperate regions of the world, such as China, America and Australia. This fruit is popular among consumers due to its excellent taste and perceived health benefits. Various bioactive compounds, which contribute to these health benefits, have been detected in the pear fruits, including a range of phenolic compounds. Five Australian grown pear
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The Positive Allosteric Modulation of alpha7-Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptors by GAT107 Increases Bacterial Lung Clearance in Hyperoxic Mice by Decreasing Oxidative Stress in Macrophages Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Alex G. Gauthier; Jiaqi Wu; Mosi Lin; Ravikumar Sitapara; Abhijit Kulkarni; Ganesh A. Thakur; Edward E. Schmidt; Jeanette C. Perron; Charles R. Ashby; Lin L. Mantell
Supplemental oxygen therapy with supraphysiological concentrations of oxygen (hyperoxia; >21% O2) is a life-saving intervention for patients experiencing respiratory distress. However, prolonged exposure to hyperoxia can compromise bacterial clearance processes, due to oxidative stress-mediated impairment of macrophages, contributing to the increased susceptibility to pulmonary infections. This study
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Pro-Resolving FPR2 Agonists Regulate NADPH Oxidase-Dependent Phosphorylation of HSP27, OSR1, and MARCKS and Activation of the Respective Upstream Kinases Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Rosario Ammendola; Melania Parisi; Gabriella Esposito; Fabio Cattaneo
Background: Formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, being activated either by pro-resolving or proinflammatory ligands. FPR2-associated signal transduction pathways result in phosphorylation of several proteins and in NADPH oxidase activation. We, herein, investigated molecular mechanisms underlying phosphorylation of heat shock protein 27
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Vacuole and Mitochondria Patch (vCLAMP) Protein Vam6 Is Involved in Maintenance of Mitochondrial and Vacuolar Functions under Oxidative Stress in Candida albicans Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Xiaolong Mao; Li Yang; Yingzheng Liu; Congcong Ma; Tianyu Ma; Qilin Yu; Mingchun Li
Candida albicans is one of the most common opportunistic fungal pathogens in human beings. When infecting host cells, C. albicans is often exposed to oxidative stress from the host immune defense system. Maintenance of mitochondrial and vacuolar functions is crucial for its resistance to oxidative stress. However, the role of vacuole and mitochondria patchs (vCLAMPs) in cellular oxidative stress resistance
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Assessment of the Telomere Length and Its Effect on the Symptomatology of Parkinson’s Disease Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Tina Levstek; Sara Redenšek; Maja Trošt; Vita Dolžan; Katarina Trebušak Podkrajšek
Telomeres, which are repetitive sequences that cap the end of the chromosomes, shorten with each cell division. Besides cellular aging, there are several other factors that influence telomere length (TL), in particular, oxidative stress and inflammation, which play an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative brain diseases including Parkinson’s disease (PD). So far, the majority of studies
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Microdose Lithium Protects against Pancreatic Islet Destruction and Renal Impairment in Streptozotocin-Elicited Diabetes Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-19 Jiahui Zhang; Fnu Anshul; Deepak K. Malhotra; Juan Jaume; Lance D. Dworkin; Rujun Gong
Psychiatric use of lithium has been associated with hypoglycemic effects, but its effect on type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is unknown. In streptozotocin (STZ) induced murine models of T1D, microdose lithium therapy improved hyperglycemia, attenuated body weight loss and prevented early signs of diabetic kidney injury. This beneficial effect was associated with preservation of pancreatic islet histology
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Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Potential of the Essential Oil Pistacia lentiscus var. chia and Its Major Components Myrcene and α-Pinene Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Vasileios Xanthis; Eleni Fitsiou; Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou; Athanasios Bogadakis; Katerina Chlichlia; Alex Galanis; Aglaia Pappa
The antioxidant, cytoprotective, and wound-healing potential of the essential oil from the resin of Pistacia lentiscus var. chia (mastic oil) was evaluated, along with that of its major components, myrcene and α-pinene. Antioxidant potential was monitored as: (i) direct antioxidant activity as assessed by 2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid),
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Comprehensive Review of Methodology to Detect Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Mammalian Species and Establish Its Relationship with Antioxidants and Cancer Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Shivkanya Fuloria; Vetriselvan Subramaniyan; Sundram Karupiah; Usha Kumari; Kathiresan Sathasivam; Dhanalekshmi Unnikrishnan Meenakshi; Yuan Seng Wu; Mahendran Sekar; Nitin Chitranshi; Rishabha Malviya; Kalvatala Sudhakar; Sakshi Bajaj; Neeraj Kumar Fuloria
Evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediate tissue homeostasis, cellular signaling, differentiation, and survival. ROS and antioxidants exert both beneficial and harmful effects on cancer. ROS at different concentrations exhibit different functions. This creates necessity to understand the relation between ROS, antioxidants, and cancer, and methods for detection of ROS. This review
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Catalytic Antioxidants in the Kidney Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Yu Ah Hong; Cheol Whee Park
Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species are highly implicated in kidney injuries that include acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, hypertensive nephropathy, and diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, antioxidant agents are promising therapeutic strategies for kidney diseases. Catalytic antioxidants are defined as small molecular mimics of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase
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The Influence of a Conjugated Pneumococcal Vaccination on Plasma Antibody Levels against Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein in Metabolic Disease Patients: A Single-Arm Pilot Clinical Trial Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Ronit Shiri-Sverdlov; Inês Magro dos Reis; Yvonne Oligschlaeger; Tim Hendrikx; Dennis M. Meesters; Annick Vanclooster; Nele Vanhoutvin; Ger H. Koek; Marit Westerterp; Christoph J. Binder; David Cassiman; Tom Houben
As a mediator between lipid metabolism dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is a promising therapeutical target in a wide range of metabolic diseases. In mice, pneumococcal immunization increases anti-phosphorylcholine and oxLDL antibody levels, and reduces atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and Niemann–Pick disease burden. These findings
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Oxidised LDL and Anti-Oxidised LDL Antibodies Are Reduced by Lipoprotein Apheresis in a Randomised Controlled Trial on Patients with Refractory Angina and Elevated Lipoprotein(a) Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Tina Z. Khan; Adam Hartley; Dorian Haskard; Mikhail Caga-Anan; Dudley J. Pennell; Peter Collins; Mahmoud Barbir; Ramzi Khamis
An abundance of epidemiological evidence demonstrates that elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) represents a significant contributing risk factor towards the development of cardiovascular disease. In particular, raised Lp(a) may play a mechanistic role in patients with refractory angina. Studies have also shown a correlation between oxidised LDL (oxLDL) levels and atherosclerotic burden as well as rates
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Preharvest Methyl Jasmonate Treatment Increased the Antioxidant Activity and Glucosinolate Contents of Hydroponically Grown Pak Choi Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Min Woo Baek; Han Ryul Choi; Tifsehit Solomon; Cheon Soon Jeong; Ok-Hwan Lee; Shimeles Tilahun
Vertical hydroponics farming has emerged as an alternative solution to feed the continuously growing world population. Additionally, recent studies reported that the exogenous treatments of jasmonic acid influence the phytochemical composition of Brassicaceae. We conducted this study to determine the effect of preharvest methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment on the phytochemical composition and antioxidant
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(−)-Epicatechin—An Important Contributor to the Antioxidant Activity of Japanese Knotweed Rhizome Bark Extract as Determined by Antioxidant Activity-Guided Fractionation Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Urška Jug; Katerina Naumoska; Irena Vovk
The antioxidant activities of Japanese knotweed rhizome bark extracts, prepared with eight different solvents or solvent mixtures (water, methanol, 80% methanol(aq), acetone, 70% acetone(aq), ethanol, 70% ethanol(aq), and 90% ethyl acetate(aq)), were determined using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging assay. Low half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values (2.632–3
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Modulation of Autophagy in Cancer Cells by Dietary Polyphenols Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Claudia Musial; Kamila Siedlecka-Kroplewska; Zbigniew Kmiec; Magdalena Gorska-Ponikowska
The role of autophagy is to degrade damaged or unnecessary cellular structures. Both in vivo and in vitro studies suggest a dual role of autophagy in cancer—it may promote the development of neoplasms, but it may also play a tumor protective function. The mechanism of autophagy depends on the genetic context, tumor stage and type, tumor microenvironment, or clinical therapy used. Autophagy also plays
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The Neuromelanin Paradox and Its Dual Role in Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Alexandra Moreno-García; Alejandra Kun; Miguel Calero; Olga Calero
Aging is associated with an increasing dysfunction of key brain homeostasis mechanisms and represents the main risk factor across most neurodegenerative disorders. However, the degree of dysregulation and the affectation of specific pathways set apart normal aging from neurodegenerative disorders. In particular, the neuronal metabolism of catecholaminergic neurotransmitters appears to be a specifically
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Antioxidative Effects of Curcumin on the Hepatotoxicity Induced by Ochratoxin A in Rats Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-17 Sara Damiano; Consiglia Longobardi; Emanuela Andretta; Francesco Prisco; Giuseppe Piegari; Caterina Squillacioti; Serena Montagnaro; Francesco Pagnini; Paola Badino; Salvatore Florio; Roberto Ciarcia
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a powerful mycotoxin found in various foods and feedstuff, responsible for subchronic and chronic toxicity, such as nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, teratogenicity, and immunotoxicity to both humans and several animal species. The severity of the liver damage caused depends on both dose and duration of exposure. Several studies have suggested that oxidative stress might contribute
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The Multifaced Actions of Curcumin in Pregnancy Outcome Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-17 Giovanni Tossetta; Sonia Fantone; Stefano Raffaele Giannubilo; Daniela Marzioni
Curcumin, also known as diferuloylmethane, is the main polyphenolic substance present in the rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. This plant showed many beneficial effects and has been used since ancient times for both food and pharmaceutical purposes. Due to its pleiotropic functions, curcumin consumption in the human diet has become very common thanks also to the fact that this natural compound is considered
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Phenolic Profiles, Antioxidant Activity and Phenotypic Characterization of Lonicera caerulea L. Berries, Cultivated in Lithuania Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Lina Raudonė; Mindaugas Liaudanskas; Gabrielė Vilkickytė; Darius Kviklys; Vaidotas Žvikas; Jonas Viškelis; Pranas Viškelis
Lonicera caerulea L. is an early fruit-bearing plant that originates from harsh environments. Raw materials contain a body of different phenolic origin compounds that determine the multidirectional antioxidant and pharmacological activities. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the phenolic composition, antioxidant capacities, vegetative, pomological, and sensory properties and their
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Maternal Urinary Metal and Metalloid Concentrations in Association with Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Pahriya Ashrap; Deborah J. Watkins; Ginger L. Milne; Kelly K. Ferguson; Rita Loch-Caruso; Jennifer Fernandez; Zaira Rosario; Carmen M. Vélez-Vega; Akram Alshawabkeh; José F. Cordero; John D. Meeker
Metal exposure has been associated with a wide range of adverse birth outcomes and oxidative stress is a leading hypothesis of the mechanism of action of metal toxicity. We assessed the relationship between maternal exposure to essential and non-essential metals and metalloids in pregnancy and oxidative stress markers, and sought to identify windows of vulnerability and effect modification by fetal
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Effects of Fruit and Vegetable-Based Nutraceutical on Cognitive Function in a Healthy Population: Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, and Randomized Clinical Trial Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Juan Ángel Carrillo; Raúl Arcusa; María Pilar Zafrilla; Javier Marhuenda
There is scientific evidence of the positive effect of polyphenols from plant foods on cognition, but not enough is known about the synergistic effect when multiple polyphenols are consumed and even less in a healthy non-elderly population. The aim of the present study is to investigate the possible effects of improvements in cognitive function in healthy people as a preparation based on micronized
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Antitussive, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Septum Extract Rich in Bioactive Compounds Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Ionel Fizeșan; Marius Emil Rusu; Carmen Georgiu; Anca Pop; Maria-Georgia Ștefan; Dana-Maria Muntean; Simona Mirel; Oliviu Vostinaru; Béla Kiss; Daniela-Saveta Popa
The antitussive, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of a walnut (Juglans regia L.) septum extract (WSE), rich in bioactive compounds were investigated using the citric acid aerosol-induced cough experimental model in rodents. Wistar male rats were treated orally for three days with distilled water (control), codeine (reference), and WSE in graded doses. On the third day, all rats were exposed
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Effect-Directed Profiling of Powdered Tea Extracts for Catechins, Theaflavins, Flavonols and Caffeine Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Gertrud E. Morlock; Julia Heil; Antonio M. Inarejos-Garcia; Jens Maeder
The antioxidative activity of Camelia sinensis tea and especially powdered tea extracts on the market, among others used as added value in functional foods, can considerably vary due to not only natural variance, but also adulteration and falsification. Thus, an effect-directed profiling was developed to prove the functional effects or health-promoting claims. It took 3–12 min per sample, depending
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Extra Virgin Olive Oil Phenolic Extract on Human Hepatic HepG2 and Intestinal Caco-2 Cells: Assessment of the Antioxidant Activity and Intestinal Trans-Epithelial Transport Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Martina Bartolomei; Carlotta Bollati; Maria Bellumori; Lorenzo Cecchi; Ivan Cruz-Chamorro; Guillermo Santos-Sánchez; Giulia Ranaldi; Simonetta Ferruzza; Yula Sambuy; Anna Arnoldi; Nadia Mulinacci; Carmen Lammi
In the framework of research aimed at promoting the nutraceutical properties of the phenolic extract (BUO) obtained from an extra virgin olive oil of the Frantoio cultivar cultivated in Tuscany (Italy), with a high total phenols content, this study provides a comprehensive characterization of its antioxidant properties, both in vitro by Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, oxygen radical absorbance
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Propagation of Mitochondria-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species within the Dipodascus magnusii Cells Antioxidants (IF 5.014) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Anton G. Rogov; Tatiana N. Goleva; Khoren K. Epremyan; Igor I. Kireev; Renata A. Zvyagilskaya
Mitochondria are considered to be the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell. It was shown that in cardiac myocytes exposed to excessive oxidative stress, ROS-induced ROS release is triggered. However, cardiac myocytes have a network of densely packed organelles that do not move, which is not typical for the majority of eukaryotic cells. The purpose of this study was to trace the
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