The new allele HLA‐A*11:382N showed one nucleotide difference with HLA‐A*11:01:01:01 at codon 254 (nonsense mutation).

The new HLA‐B*15:583 and DRB1*11:279 alleles identified in Buryat and Russian individuals, respectively.

The HLA‐A*24:241 allele differs from A*24:02:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution at position 319.

One nucleotide substitution in codon 268 of HLA‐A*11:02:01:01 results in a novel allele, HLA‐A*11:77.

HLA‐C*03:04:79 differs from HLA‐C*03:04:01:01 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 834 G>A.

There are many studies on the polymorphism of the HLA system in healthy donor populations, such as registries of unrelated bone marrow donors. Investigations on the characterization of the HLA complex in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients, however, are scarce, at least in the Spanish population. This study presents a large‐scale analysis of allelic diversity and HLA distribution at

Two novel HLA alleles were detected using next generation sequencing.

HLA genes play a pivotal role for successful hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). There is an increasing need for sophisticated screening of donor HLA genotypes for unrelated HSCT. Next generation sequencing (NGS) has emerged as an alternative for classical Sanger sequence for HLA typing. In this study, HLA‐A, ‐B, and ‐DRB1 alleles were genotyped at the allelic (6‐digit) level using MiSeqDx

NGS typing reveals 2 novel alleles amongst 206 class I and class II alleles.

HLA‐C*14:114 differs from C*14:02:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution at position 1077 in exon 7.

DQA1*01:38:01:01 differs from DQA1*01:02:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution at position 554 in exon 3.

HLA‐B*08:67:02 N differs from B*08:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution at position 224 in exon 2.

DQA1*03:11 differs from DQA1*03:03:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution at position 664 in exon 4.

HLA‐B*56:75 has a nonsynonymous C to G substitution in codon 73 compared to HLA‐B*56:01:01:02.

HLA‐DQB1*06:374 differs from HLA‐DQB1*06:02:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 62 in exon 2.

HLA‐A*02:939 differs from HLA‐A*02:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 222 in exon 4.

HLA‐A*11:376 differs from HLA‐A*11:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 168 in exon 3.

Three new human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐C alleles, C*04:01:124, C*12:02:38, and C*12:03:64, alleles detected in Russian individuals.

A single nucleotide change in the 5′ UTR of A*31:01:02:01 results in the novel HLA‐A*31:01:02:31 allele.

A single nucleotide change in the 3′ UTR of HLA‐B*18:01:01:01 results in the novel HLA‐B*18:01:01:52 allele.

A hematopoietic chimerism assay is the laboratory test for monitoring engraftment and quantifying the proportions of donor and recipient cells after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients. Flow cytometry is the reference method for determining the purity of CD3+ cells on the chimerism of selected CD3+ cells. In the present study, we developed a single‐step procedure that combines the CD3+

The novel HLA‐A*24:516 allele, first described in two unrelated potential bone marrow donors from Brazil.

One nucleotide substitution in codon 174 of HLA‐DQB1*06:03:01:01 results in a novel allele, HLA‐ DQB1*06:03:41.

The HLA‐B*52:02:02 allele differs from B*52:02:01 by one nucleotide substitution at positions 141.

Three novel HLA class I alleles, HLA‐A*03:01:93, ‐C*07:18:08, and ‐C*03:03:01:41, detected in Spanish individuals.

HLA‐A*01:354 differs from HLA‐A*01:01:01:01 by a single nonsynonymous change (124G‐>A, glycine 18 to arginine).

The genomic full‐length sequence of HLA‐B*15:198 was identified by a group‐specific sequencing approach from China.

Two novel alleles, HLA‐B*18:200 and HLA‐C*04:435, are characterized.

HLA‐C*15:210 differs from HLA‐C*15:02:01:01 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 298 G>A.

We isolated 11 novel HLA alleles in the 1000 Genomes Project using PolyPheMe software.

HLA‐DRB1*04:305 differs from HLA‐DRB1*04:05:01:01 by two nucleotide substitutions.

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) identification at the allelic level is important for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) resolves ambiguous alleles by determining the phase of the polymorphisms. The aim of this study was to validate the software for HLA‐SBT (sequence‐based typing), assess Korean allele frequency, and characterize the performance of NGS‐HLA

HLA‐B*40:468 showed one nucleotide difference compared to HLA‐B*40:06:01:01 at position 80 (A > C) Histidine to Proline residue 3.

HLA‐B*55:71 has one nucleotide change from HLA‐B*55:02:01:01 where histidine (3) is changed to tyrosine.

One nucleotide substitution in codon 4 of HLA‐B*35:01:01:01 results in a novel allele, HLA‐B*35:482.

HLA‐A*02:934 has one nucleotide change from HLA‐A*02:01:01:01 at nucleotide 308.

In solid organ transplantation (SOT), the clinical relevance of donor‐specific antibodies (DSA) directed at anti‐HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐DR and ‐DQ antigens is largely recognized while it is still a matter of debate for DSA directed at HLA‐C. In this review, we summarize the peculiarities of HLA‐C among class I HLA antigens as well as their immunogenicity, which underlie the clinical relevance of HLA‐C locus and

While the success of allogeneic stem cell transplantation depends on a high degree of HLA compatibility between donor and patient, finding a suitable donor remains challenging due to the hyperpolymorphic nature of HLA genes. We calculated high‐resolution allele, haplotype and phenotype frequencies for HLA‐A, ‐C, ‐B, ‐DRB1 and ‐DQB1 for 10 subpopulations of the Anthony Nolan (AN) register using an in‐house

Eplets are defined as distinct amino acid configurations on the surface of HLA molecules. The aim of this study was to estimate the immunogenicity of HLA‐DQ eplets in a cohort of 221 pregnancies with HLA‐DQ mismatches. We defined the immunogenicity of an eplet by the frequency of antibody responses against it. Around 90% of all listed DQB1 or DQA1 eplets were at least five times mismatched and thus

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD) share common genetic loci, mainly within the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II complex. Extended genotyping of HLA class II alleles and their potential risk for developing both diseases remains to be studied. The present study compared extended HLA‐class II gene polymorphisms in children with T1D, CD, and a subgroup diagnosed with both diseases (T1D

The anti‐HLA antibody detection has been improved in sensitivity and specificity with solid‐phase antigen bead (SAB) assays based on Luminex. However, false positive results due to denatured HLA (dHLA) may arise after single antigen test. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the two Luminex technology‐based anti‐HLA detection kits available in the market in showing undesired anti‐HLA

Fifteen novel HLA alleles in the HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, DRB1, and DQB1 loci were described.

Identification of the novel HLA‐B*15:555 allele that differs from HLA‐B*15:17:01 at one position in exon 2.

A new HLA‐B*39:168 was characterized in a Caucasian Spanish individual.

Genomic full‐length sequence of HLA‐B*40:01:43 was identified by group‐specific sequencing in a Chinese individual.

C*08:190 differs from C*08:01:01:01 by one nucleotide change at nucleotide 503 in exon 3 from A to G.

HLA‐C*16:173 differs from HLA‐C*16:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 36 in exon 2.

DRB1*11:23:02 differs from DRB1*11:23:01 by one nucleotide change at nucleotide 357 in exon 2 from G to A.

Characterization of HLA‐DQB1*03:439 allele in a Greek individual of Cretan origin.

Identification of the novel HLA‐DQB1*06:02:44 allele that differs from HLA‐DQB1*06:02:01 at one position in exon 2.

HLA‐DPA1*01:42 differs from DPA1*01:03:01:02 by one nucleotide substitution in Codon 76 in Exon 2.

The sequences of HLA‐DRB1*14:54:09 and HLA‐DRB1*14:54:10 differ from HLA‐DRB1*14:54:01:01 by one single nucleotide substitution, respectively.

Genomic full‐length sequence of HLA‐A*24:233 was identified by group‐specific sequencing in a Chinese individual.

The new allele HLA‐A*24:512 showed one nucleotide difference compared to A*24:02:01:01 at position 548 (A > G).

HLA‐B*13:146 has two nucleotide changes from HLA‐B*13:01:01:01 in exon 3.

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies are induced by pregnancy, transfusion, or transplantation. Serum from transplant recipients is regularly screened for IgG HLA antibodies because of their clinical relevance for transplant outcome. While other isotypes of HLA antibodies, such as IgA may also contribute to the alloimmune response, validated detection assays for IgA HLA antibody detection are lacking

Three new HLA‐A*11:12:02, A*11:01:104 and A*11:355:02 alleles detected in Russian individuals.

Three new DQB1*03:02:33, DQB1*04:79 and DQB1*05:249 alleles detected in Russian individuals by next‐generation sequencing.

HLA‐B*56:74 and ‐B*58:124, two novel alleles detected in Russian individuals by next‐generation sequencing.

Characterization of two novel HLA‐A alleles in two Greek individuals of Cretan origin.