Background Recent research on the implications of gut microbiota on brain functions has helped to gather important information on the relationship between them. Pathogenesis of neurological disorders is found to be associated with dysregulation of gut-brain axis. Some gut bacteria metabolites are found to be directly associated with the increase in reactive oxygen species levels, one of the most important

Introduction Fusarium graminearum is a most destructive fungal pathogen that causes Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease in cereal crops, resulting severe yield loss and mycotoxin contamination in food and feed. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are extensively applied in multiple fields due to their strong antimicrobial activity and are considered alternatives to fungicides. However, the antifungal mechanisms

Introduction Refractive stromal lenticules from Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE), though usually discarded, hold a potential for various ophthalmic applications, including refractive correction, stromal volume expansion, and biomechanical strengthening of the cornea. Purpose To investigate the effect of lenticule customization on lenticule neurite length profile and the excitatory response

Introduction Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is a significant public health issue without a current specific approved treatment. Among different approaches to this malady, it is possible to highlight a promising immunologic strategy in which an immunogenic agents may reduce the reinforcing effects of the drug if they are able to yield sufficient specific antibodies capable to bind cocaine and/or its psychoactive

Introduction Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive brain disorder, and one of the most common causes of dementia and amnesia. Due to the complex pathogenesis of AD, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Although scientists have made increasing efforts to develop drugs for AD, no effective therapeutic agents have been found. Objectives Natural products and their constituents have shown promise

Introduction The transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in patients with premature ovarian failure (POF) could lead to clinical improvement. The transplantation to the ovaries among other transplantation methods have been reported in various animal models, however, there is little evidence regarding the optimal method, including the clinical safety and the efficiency for the treatment of

Background Increasing crop production to feed a growing population has driven the use of mineral fertilizers to ensure nutrients availability and fertility of agricultural soils. After nitrogen, phosphorus (P) is the second most important nutrient for plant growth and productivity. However, P availability in most agricultural soils is often limited because P strongly binds to soil particles and divalent

Background Although the synthetic vitamin D analogue, Paricalcitol, and omega-3 Fatty acids (ω-3) alleviated diabetic nephropathy (DN), their combination was not previously explored. Objectives This study measured the potential ameliorative effects of single and dual therapies of Paricalcitol and/or ω-3 against DN. Methods Forty rats were assigned as follow: negative (NC) and positive (PC) controls

Background Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), as insecticides or acaricides, are widely used in agricultural products to ensure agricultural production. However, widespread use of OPs leads to environmental contamination and significant negative consequences on biodiversity, food security, and water resources. Therefore, developing a sensitive and rapid method to determine OPs residues in different

For solar-driven water splitting, a molybdenum oxysulphide-cobalt phosphate (MoOxSy-CoPi) photocatalyst is produced from ammonium heptamolybdate, thiourea, and metallic cobalt. The most conspicuous feature is the conformal growth of MoOxSy-CoPi nanoflowers, as observed under FE-SEM and HR-TEM. The surface analysis exposed nanoflowers like encrusted structures, with single-layer thickness up to ∼10

Introduction Biochar utilization for adsorption seems to be the most cost-effective, easy/ fast approach for pollutants removal from water and wastewater. Due to the high adsorption properties, magnetic biochar proved to be efficient in the sorption of heavy metals and nutrients. Although there are several studies on development of magnetic biochars, there is a lack of research on development of high-performance

Introduction The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has raised concerns on future vaccine efficacy as most vaccines target only the spike protein. Hence, vaccines targeting multiple SARS-CoV-2 proteins will offer broader protection and improve our preparedness to combat the pandemic. Objectives The study aimed to develop a novel vaccine strategy by combining a eukaryotic vector expressing multiple SARS-CoV-2

Introduction Leucine-rich repetitive kinase-2 (LRRK2) is a Parkinson's disease-related gene that also participates in many inflammatory diseases. However, the functional role of LRRK2 in cardiovascular disease is not clear. Objective In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role of LRRK2 in cardiac remodelling under pressure overload. Methods Aortic banding surgery was performed to induce cardiac remodelling

Introduction Cancer is a big challenge of the 21 century, whose defeat requires efficient antitumor drugs. Objectives The paper aims to investigate the synergistic effect of two structural building blocks, phenothiazine and poly(ethylene glycol), towards efficient antitumor drugs. Methods Two PEGylated phenothiazine derivatives were synthetized by attaching poly(ethylene glycol) of 550 Da to the nitrogen

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an insidious, irreversible, and progressive neurodegenerative health condition manifesting as cognitive deficits and amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Approximately 50 million individuals are affected by AD, and the number is rapidly increasing globally. This review explores the role of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in the management of AD and

Background Cancer-associated angiogenesis is a fundamental process in tumor growth and metastasis. A variety of signaling regulators and pathways contribute to establish neovascularization, among them as small endogenous non-coding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) play prominent dual regulatory function in breast cancer (BC) angiogenesis. Aim This review aims at describing the current state-of-the-art in BC

Background Skin cancer has been the leading type of cancer worldwide. Melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers are now the most common types of skin cancer that have been reached to epidemic proportion. Based on the rapid prevalence of skin cancers, and lack of efficient drug delivery systems, it is essential to surge the possible ways to prevent or cure the disease. Aim of review Although surgical modalities

Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor with a high global incidence, metastasis rate and low cure rate. Changes in lipid metabolism-related genes can affect the occurrence and development of CRC, and may be a potential therapeutic target for CRC. Therefore, starting from lipid metabolism-related genes to find natural medicines for tumor treatment may become a new direction

Background Cancer-induced Bone Pain (CIBP) is an important factor affecting their quality of life of cancer survivors. In addition, current clinical practice and scientific research suggest that neuropathic pain is a representative component of CIBP. However, given the variability of cancer conditions and the complexity of neuropathic pain, related mechanisms have been continuously supplemented but

Introduction Adapted reuse in old historical buildings has been a real challenge since the state of deterioration is usually found severe, and suggested retrofitting is applied with high delicacy to preserve the building originality. Additionally, on altering the potential users’ activity, special considerations are required to fulfill the new needs. Daylight in historical buildings has a special significance

Introduction Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) results from increased hepatic total cholesterol (TC) and total triglyceride (TG) accumulation. In our previous study, we found that rats treated with hyperoside became resistant to hepatic lipid accumulation. Objectives The present study aims to investigate the possible mechanisms responsible for the inhibitory effects of hyperoside on the lipid