We studied the role of opioid receptor subtypes in improvement of the functional state of the heart during reperfusion after adaptation to continuous normobaric hypoxia. To this end, male Wistar rats were subjected to continuous normobaric hypoxia (12% O2). Then, the hearts were isolated and exposed to total 45-min ischemia followed by 30-min reperfusion. Opioid receptor antagonists were added to the

Cytochrome p450-mediated metabolism of GRS (indolinone antiaggregant) and its effects on activities of cytochrome p450 isoenzymes were studied. Inhibition of 6 isomers of cytochrome p450 in human liver microsomes was studied with the use of specific substrates. It was found that human liver cytochrome p450 enzymes could not induce degradation of GRS and that GRS was not an inductor or inhibitor of

The specific features of interactions between megakaryocytic and granulocytic hematopoiesis lineages and myelofibrosis were studied in patients with active phase (before treatment) of chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and multiple myeloma. In patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, a direct correlation was found between the severity of both early and advanced myelofibrosis and

We investigate biodistribution of gallium-labeled hydroxyethylidenediphosphonic acid (68Ga-HEDP) and diethylenetriaminepentakis(methylenephosphonic acid) (68Ga-DTPMP) in intact Wistar rats. It was shown that 68Ga-DTPMP accumulated mainly in the bone tissue providing high femur/blood and femur/muscle ratios and had high stability in vivo. In contrast, 68Ga-HEDP was characterized by low stability and

We studied the possibility of developing an autism model based on chronic prenatal psychological stress caused by variable frequency ultrasound 20-45 kHz. The offspring of female rats stressed during pregnancy demonstrated reduced time of social contacts in the social interaction test, increased anxiety in the open-field test, and memory impairment in the Morris water maze test in comparison with the

The deposition of beta-amyloid (Aβ) in the brain is detected in Alzheimer's disease and during ageing. Until now, ultrastructural studies of changes caused by Aβ in the dentate gyrus are very scarce. The effects of Aβ 1-42 injection into the CA1 field of rat hippocampus were studied by electron microscopy. In 2 weeks after injection of aggregated Aβ in low concentrations, destructive changes were seen

The study was carried out using a novel rat model developed in our laboratory, namely16 mm diameter circular excisional wounds were generated on the abdomen which resulted in minimal scarring. Restoration of the skin integrity was completed by day 60 after the wounding surgery. By this time, regenerates on the abdomen were stronger than on the back (at, respectively, 58 and 17.4 % of the tensile strength

Postmortem changes occurring in human carotid body were simulated on the Wistar rat model. It was shown that light, dark, and pyknotic (progenitor) subtypes of human carotid body cells are an artifact and cannot be used in clinical practice to study the characteristics of various human diseases. The differences between the control group of healthy individuals and individuals with the various pathologies

We present a method of minimally invasive transcutaneous insertion of screws using a prefabricated extracorporeal navigation system using additive technologies (based on primary data obtained from the DICOM package in multi-detector computed tomography of the affected spine segment) according to the principle of personalized medicine. The method was tested on 10 dogs of different breeds with generally

We studied the effects of spiperone, a selective blocker of dopamine D2 receptors, on the model of pulmonary emphysema provoked by administration of elastase and D-galactosamine hydrochloride to female C57BL/6 mice and characterized by activation of proteases in the lungs and systemic deficiency of its inhibitor α1-antitrypsin. In this model, spiperone prevented the development of inflammatory reaction

We studied the expression of transcriptional factors regulating postnatal morphogenesis of the adrenal zona fasciculata in rats after developmental exposure to endocrine disruptor DDT. It was found that tissue reparation after trophic disorders and cell death triggered by prenatal and postnatal exposure to DDT was accompanied by an increase in the number of Oct4- and Shh-expressing cells forming a

The effects of platinum nanoparticles on the morphological structures of the solid phase of blood serum and the tone of cerebral microvessels as indicators of the dynamics of homeostasis were studied on outbred albino male rats (n=40) weighing 300-350 g. Platinum nanoparticles were injected to experimental animals in 1 ml of physiological saline. For systemic BP measurements and blood sampling, the

We studied the distribution of ferrihydrite nanoparticles isolated from bacteria Klebsiella oxytoca in the whole body in vivo and in a cultured isolated organ (liver). The possibility of controlling these nanoparticles in the body using a magnetic field was assessed. One hour after intravenous injection of ferrihydrite nanoparticles to mice, their accumulation was observed in the liver, lungs, and

We compared experimental activity, behavioral activity in the experiment, of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) and baboons (Papio hamadryas). Baboons showed higher levels of experimental activity. The contrast in the activity between the species is probably associated with species-specific characteristics of the behavior and different ability to adapt under new conditions. In particular, they may be

Nanosized magnetite particles (magnetic nanospheres) are a prospective basis for creation of new diagnostic and therapeutic agents. The structure of blood leukocytes and the leukocytic formula are studied in adult rats over a period of 120 days after a single intravenous injection of chitosan-modified nanosized magnetite particles. No effects of chitosan-modified magnetic nanospheres on the structure

Sutureless implantation of the mitral valve bioprosthesis using the valve-in-valve method was performed on a large animal (sheep). According to the results of a two-stage implantation (primary implantation of a xenopericardial 26-mm framed bioprosthesis and reimplantation of the developed 23-mm bioprosthesis), minor changes in quantitative indicators were revealed: an increase in the transprosthetic

In 1 and 24 h after combined administration of TLR4 (LPS) and TLR3 (Poly I:C) ligands to CBA mice, the content of MSC in bone marrow increased to intermediate value between the levels attained by their individual injections. The content of osteogenic MSC assessed in 24 h postinjection corresponded to the control level in Poly I:C group, decreased in LPS group by 2.5 times relatively to the control

The effects of vaginal secretion, its antibacterial peptide fraction, albumin, and bacterial metabolites on the spermatozoon membranes were studied. Vaginal secretion was collected from healthy women; the fraction of antibacterial peptides was isolated with the use of membrane filter; electrophoretically pure BSA served as albumin; bacterial metabolites were isolated from supernatants of cultured Candida

We studied changes in the blood cytokine profile of rats 3 h, 1 day, and 8 days after acute stress on the model of 24-h immobilization followed by LPS administration (100 μg/kg intraperitoneally). The concentration of proinflammatory cytokines (particularly of IL-1β and TNFα) significantly decreased at the early stage after stress exposure and physiological saline injection, but increased in the follow-up

We studied the effect of acute vital stress on the parameters of the hemostasis system in young and old Wistar rats. The psychotraumatic effect was simulated as a situation of emotional stress at the sight of a predator (Indian python) catching and eating a conspecific. In young rats, acute vital stress was followed by inhibition of platelet aggregation, hypercoagulation by the external pathway and

Changes of the electrical characteristics of command neurons of defensive behavior caused by the development of a conditioned situational defensive reflex were studied experimentally under in vitro conditions on preparations of the nervous system of snails. After learning, the membrane and threshold potentials of command neurons LPa3 and RPa3 significantly decreased and excitability of the studied

We studied the effect of unstable ubiquitous endocrine disruptors (bisphenol A and triclosan) on the reproductive function of mature male Wistar rats. Animals of both experimental groups received bisphenol A and triclosan (homogeneity>97%) in a dose of 200 mg/kg daily for 2 months with food. The concentrations of disruptors were measured directly in the testicular tissue by gas chromatography with

Pharmacokinetics of suppository forms of bacteriophages was studied on male Chinchilla rabbits. Suppositories with various composition of bacteriophages were administered once per rectum to rabbits, and the presence of phage particles was estimated in the blood, urine, and feces over 24 h. Pharmacokinetic study showed that the phages were detected in the blood, urine, and feces at various terms of

Spontaneous proliferative activity of splenocytes in female CBA mice and the response of these cells to antigens of allogeneic male BALB/c and DBA/2 mice in a mixed splenocyte culture were evaluated by 3H-thymidine incorporation in different pregnancy models. ♀CBA×♂BALB/c mating was used for modeling physiological pregnancy. Spontaneous abortions were reproduced by abortion-prone ♀CBA×♂DBA/2 mating

We studied activities of antioxidant system enzymes in tissues of rats with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. It was shown that the development of pathology is accompanied by deformation of the neurons and axonal degeneration, intensification of free radical oxidation, exhaustion of the reduced glutathione pool, and multidirectional changes in activities of antioxidant enzymes in rat tissues

The study compared antituberculous efficacy of individual or combined administration of "free" isoniazid and liposomal form of dextrazide (a composition consisted of isoniazid and oxidized dextran) inhaled in standard (15 mg/kg) or low (3 mg/kg) dose. The therapy started 1 month after contamination of outbred ICR male mice with Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv. Combined inhalation of liposomal

We compared the effects of two doses of ammonium chloride and ammonium carbonate (10 and 20 mg/kg) on the duration of swimming and blood lactate level. Ammonium chloride in a dose of 20 mg/kg was more efficient than in a dose of 10 mg/kg. The efficiency of ammonium carbonate in a dose of 10 mg/kg was similar to that of ammonium chloride in a dose of 20 mg/kg. Increasing the dose of ammonium carbonate

The levels of monoamines and their metabolites in the brain structures of adult Wistar rats subjected to post-weaning social isolation for 2 and 3 months were analyzed by HPLC with electrochemical detection. We have previously shown that these rats consistently demonstrate increased aggressiveness and, as a rule, impairment of short-term habituation. Two-monthlong social isolation was accompanied by

The study examined the effect of H2S on the tone of cerebral arteries in rats after global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and cooperation between NO and H2S in the control over cerebral circulation during the postischemic period. In control sham-operated and in experimental rats with ischemia/reperfusion injury, the diameter of pial arteries was repeatedly measured in vivo under a light microscope

The physiological stress modeled by circulatory hypoxia activates LPO processes in various tissues. In posthypoxic period, the infrared low-intensity laser irradiation significantly decreased the chemiluminescence parameters in blood plasma, normalized the retinal levels of diene and triene conjugates, and decreased MDA in the rat brain attesting to the correcting effect of this irradiation during

We studied the correlations of the expression of Ki-67 proliferation marker and localization of heat shock protein Hsp70 in tumor cells of papillary thyroid cancer with some clinical and morphological parameters and a 10-year survival prognosis. High variability of the proliferative activity (by Ki-67 index) of tumor cells was revealed. It was found that Hsp70 protein has different localization in

In experimental rabbits, cysteine injected intravenously in a dose of 1000 mg/kg temporarily bound zinc in β cells and prevented the formation of chelate zinc complexes in response to subsequent injection of diabetogenic zinc-binding substances that induce cell destruction. Injection of cysteine to animals was associated with a sharply negative reaction to zinc in β cells, which attests to blockade

The reassortant vaccine strain of live attenuated influenza vaccine inherits temperature sensitivity and areactogenicity from cold-adapted attenuated master donor virus. In Russia, B/ USSR/60/69 master donor virus (B60) is currently in use for the preparation of live attenuated type B influenza vaccine candidates. Trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine based on A/ Leningrad/134/17/57 and B60 are

The histological and immunohistochemical methods were employed to examine the peculiarities of histological structure of pulmonary veins and left atrium of the heart in norm and in various types of total anomalous drainage of pulmonary veins. In contrast to normal pulmonary vein covered with external multiple muscle layers (myocardial sleeve), such sleeve is absent in veins that have no connection

We studied the levels of serum and lymph cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of BC. BC was induced by injection of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea to Wistar rats. The animals underwent surgery, or received polychemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil), or surgical treatment was combined with polychemotherapy; in a special group, Panagen (fragmented DNA) was added to polychemotherapy

We performed a morphometric analysis of mesenteric lymph nodes in rats with breast cancer induced by administration of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. The volume of the paracortical zone and the number of mature plasma cells in the medullary sinuses were increased and the volume of lymphoid nodules with germinal centers and the number of macrophages were decreased in the group with tumor resection and chemotherapy

Morphometric analysis of structural and functional changes in the human mesenteric lymph nodes during aging revealed the development of fibrous connective tissue, fragmentation of the lymphoid parenchyma, the absence of follicles with germinal centers, and a decrease in the level of lymphocyte proliferation, which was confirmed by the absence of Ki-67+ cells. The paracortical zone lacked CD4+ T helpers

The study compared the levels of MMP-2,7,8,9, and TIMP-1 in blood serum of healthy people (N=97) and patients with primary renal cell carcinoma (N=93) to assess relevance of these markers to prognosis of overall survival of these patients, which were followed-up over 1 to 45 months (median 26 months). To evaluate the survival with the Kaplan-Meier estimator, the median values of examined markers in

Reduced expression of the key regulator of cardiac metabolism, transcription factor PPARα, in surgical samples of the auricles from patients with coronary heart disease and heart failure was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. These changes indicate reduced activity of this factor and a shift of energy metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis typical of dedifferentiated cells. Electron

We analyzed the content of β-catenin fractions and activity and content of proteasomes in the tissues of patients with non-small cells lung cancer. The content of β-catenin fractions was elevated and proteasome-dependent proteolysis in the tumor tissue was enhanced in comparison with the corresponding unchanged lung tissue. A negative regression relationship of caspase-like activity of proteasomes

Cardioprotective effect of 1-({4 [(4 chlorobenzoyl)amino]phenyl}sulfonyl-L-proline (compound AL-828) was studied in rats with modeled acute myocardial infarction. The test compound was administered intragastrically in a dose of 30 mg/kg/day for 3 days prior to infarction modeling. Metalloproteinase inhibitor antibiotic doxycycline served as the reference drug and was administered in a dose of 40 mg/kg/day

A course of treatment with humic acids extracted with sodium pyrophosphate from high-moor pine-peat moss-cotton grass peat improves humoral immune response of C57BL/6 mice, stimulates the production of TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-12 by the animal peritoneal macrophages and the production of IFNγ and TNFα by donor peripheral blood mononuclears, causing no changes in the production of IL-10 in vitro.

The effects of vanadium complex with enzymatic hydrolysate of soy protein (V-EHSPI) were studied in male Wistar rats with induced disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The content of vanadium (IV) in the studied complex was 15.8 mg/g dry product. High-lipid high-carbohydrate diet was used to induce disorders of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Addition of vanadium in three different doses

Male BALB/с mice were intravenously infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (0.5 ml of 2-week culture). One month later, treatment with liposome-encapsulated dextrazide (LEDZ, a conjugate of isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) and 40 kDa oxidized dextran encapsulated in phosphatidylcholine liposomes), INH, or a combination of LEDZ with INH was started. The doses of LEDZ (liposome suspension) and

Transcription profiles of genes of local immune response were determined in the vagina of women with bacterial vaginosis, aerobic vaginitis, and vulvovaginal candidosis for detection of the most specific immune markers for these vaginal infections. Laboratory diagnosis of the vaginal infections was performed microscopically; the inflammatory reaction in the vagina (leukorrhea) was defined as the presence

Adaptive behavior of lactobacilli in cultured in microchambers of different design was analyzed under a light microscope. We found that the time of appearance of first-generation cells for the studied strains of lactobacilli differed in chambers with different rheological properties (stationary and flow-through). The results of our experiments suggest that the development of populations of lactobacilli

Peptide KE exhibits immunoprotective, geroprotective, and oncostatic activities and stimulates functional activity of fibroblasts. The KE motif is present in amino acid sequences of some cytokines and peptide hormones functionally similar to KE peptide. However, the relationship between the presence of KE motif and protein functions on the scale of known human proteome has not yet received sufficient

In rats, intramuscular injection of oxytocin (0.25 nmol/100 g body weight) increased sodium excretion from 19±5 to 120±11 μmol/min. A significant correlation (p<0.001) was revealed between renal excretion of oxytocin and sodium ions. Under the action of oxytocin, natriuresis was characterized by diminished reabsorption of fluid in the proximal tubule of the nephron attested by elevated lithium clearance

Activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and intensity of ROS generation in the aorta were studied in male Wistar rats intraperitoneally injected with a mixture of (+) and (-) stereoisomers of catechin. ACE activity in aortal segments was evaluated by hydrolysis of hippuryl-histidine-leucine; ROS generation was measured by oxidation of dichlorodihydrofluorescein. The dynamics of ACE activity

We studied virus-inhibiting activity of Baikal skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis) flavonoids against tick-borne encephalitis virus using various model schemes. The half-maximum cytotoxic concentration (CC50) for the plant extract was found (363.9±58.6 μg/ml). Based on the CC50 and IC50, selective index (SI) was calculated for viricidal (53.4), preventive (50.5), and direct antiviral actions (39.1)

The effects of acclimatization to middle attitude hypoxia on the resistance to acute emotional stress were studied on the model of posttraumatic stress disorder in rats. Anxyolitic, but not anxiogenic effect was observed in acclimatized rats. However, acclimatized rats with posttraumatic stress disorder were characterized by hypofunction of the pituitary-adrenocortical axis, which is typical of this

We studied the effect of peptide drugs deltalicin and Semax on lipid metabolism disturbances in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus was modeled by single injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg) and rats with blood glucose ≥12 mmol/liter were selected for the further experiments. Deltalicin in a dose 100 μg/kg and Semax in a dose 200 μg/kg as well as sulodexide corrected lipid metabolism disorders:

Typical ischemic damage to neurons were detected in the focus of experimental photothrombosis and in the transition zone. They were associated with symptoms of impaired motor functions and dysfunction of pelvic organs. The applied method of focal photothrombosis can be used for simulation of spinal cord ischemia for the development of methods for pharmacological correction and restoration of impaired

We studied the levels microRNA (miR-21, miR-221, miR-222, and miR-429) in blood serum, thoracic duct lymph, and breast cancer tissue, as well as the cell composition of the axillary lymph node in Wistar female rats with chemically induced breast cancer. The levels of miR-221 and miR-429 in the tumor tissue and in the lymph correlated with the decrease in lymphocyte number in the medullary cords of

Human placenta mesenchymal stromal cells were injected to healthy rats either stereotaxically into the striatum or intra-arterially through the internal carotid artery. Some cells injected into the brain migrated along the corpus callosum both medially and laterally or concentrated around small blood vessels. A small fraction of MSC injected intra-arterially adhered to the endothelium and stayed inside

The use of induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSC) is a promising approach to the therapy of CNS diseases. The undeniable advantage of IPSC technology is the possibility of obtaining practically all types of somatic cells for autologous transplantation bypassing bioethical problems. The review presents integrative and non-integrative methods for obtaining IPSC and the ways of their in vitro and in vivo

Differences in the gene expression profiles in resident macrophages (in particular, Kupffer cells) and monocytes were revealed. However, these differences in gene expression profiles do not allow considering resident liver macrophages as purely M2 macrophages and monocytes as purely M1 macrophages. At the same time, a significant number of the genes upregulated in Kupffer cells are associated with

We studied the efficiency of transplantation of neural stem/progenitor cells from human olfactory mucosa in chronic spinal cord injury. Neural stem/progenitor cells were obtained by a protocol modified by us and transplanted to rats with spinal post-traumatic cysts. It was shown that transplantation of neural stem/progenitor cells from human olfactory lining improved motor activity of hind limbs in

Rat model of severe contusion spinal cord injury was used to study the effect of single intravenous and intraspinal injection of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells on the restoration of motor function of the hind limbs. Recovery of the motor function of the hind limbs was assessed using load tests and open-field test according to BBB scale. Cell injection via both routes significantly improved

The results of studies of a newly isolated Serratia species K-57 strain are presented. The strain is characterized by antiviral activity towards human influenza A/Aichi/2/68/H3N2, vaccinia, mouse smallpox, and herpes simplex-2 viruses. The detected characteristics of the strain, including the data on activities on nucleolytic enzymes, recommend it for the development of therapeutic and preventive antiviral