Persons with drug refractory TLE have the option of being managed by surgery. They may develop memory impairment with specific etiology of mesial temporal sclerosis and anterior temporal lobe resection (ATLR). The study evaluated the semantic verbal memory outcomes in pre- and post-surgery temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients using functional MRI and voxel morphometric methods. Twenty consecutive

The aim of this study was to contrast the effects of drought stress on polyamine oxidases gene expression and activity as well as photosynthetic efficiency in relatively tolerant (Karoon) and sensitive (260) maize genotype.d Reduction in leaf relative water content as a result of drought led to increase in root growth, but diminished shoot growth indices. Under drought stress, activity of antioxidant

Telomerase is a specialized enzyme which maintains telomere length at the extreme end of the chromosome. Over 90% of all cases of cancer show high expression of telomerase while in normal cells, its expression is extremely low or undetectable. Detection of telomerase activity in a wide range of breast cancer makes telomerase an interesting target for diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we have aimed

Halofuginone (HF) is an extract from the widely used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Dichroa febrifuga that facilitates the recovery of wounds and attenuates hepatic fibrosis. However, the role of HF in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of IPEC-J2 cells remains unclear. The current study explored the anti-EMT effect of HF in IPEC-J2 cells and illustrates its molecular mechanism. Transforming

Although the B-cell translocation gene 1 (BTG1) plays an important role in apoptosis and negatively regulates cell proliferation, BTG1 expression in skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has not been reported. In this study, we wanted to investigate the significance of BTG1 expression in SCC and adjacent tissues. The expression of BTG1 protein and mRNA in SCC tissues and adjacent tissues were detected

Vitamin D deficiency is identified as a risk factor for the occurrence and recurrence of ovarian cancer. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) participates in many physiological and pathological processes. In present study, serum vitamin D level was detected using chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay. Gal-3 expression was examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot and immunocytochemistry analysis

COVID-19 is an emerging infectious disease that has turned into a pandemic. It spreads through droplet transmission of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. It is an RNA virus displaying a spike protein as the major surface protein with significant sequence similarity to SARS-CoV which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome. The receptor binding domain of the spike protein interacts with the human angiotensin

Natural killer (NK) cells have pivotal role in immunotherapy of human ovarian cancer (OC). Although microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in dysfunction of NK cells, how and whether miR-140-3p regulates cytotoxicity of NK cells in OC are uncertain. miR-140-3p and mitogen activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) abundances were examined via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or western blot. Tumor

In this study, the regulatory effect of the overexpression of polarity protein Lgl2 on the nuclear export of influenza A virus nucleoprotein in infected cells was investigated. A stable Tet-Off inducible MDCK cell line expressing a fusion protein comprising Lgl2 and an enhanced yellow fluorescent protein were used. TCID50 analysis and neuraminidase activity analysis revealed that replication of influenza

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common acute and severe disease in clinical practice. Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) is a superantigen that can cause inflammatory ALI. MiR-222 has been demonstrated to be upregulated in SEB-induced inflammatory ALI, but its exact roles and functions remain ill-defined. In this study, SEB exposure led to inflammatory ALI and high expression of miR-222 in model mice

For more than a century, mechanical forces have been predicted to govern many biological processes during development, both at the cellular level and in tissue homeostasis. The cytomechanics of the thin and highly extended neuronal axons have intrigued generations of biologists and biophysicists. However, our knowledge of the biophysics of neurite growth and development is far from complete. Due to

Leucyl-tRNA synthetases (LRS) catalyze the linkage of leucine with tRNALeu. A large insertion CP1 domain (Connective Polypeptide 1) in LRS is responsible for post-transfer editing of mis-charged aminoacyl-tRNAs. Here, we characterized the CP1 domain of Leishmania donovani, a protozoan parasite, and its role in editing activity and interaction with broad spectrum anti-fungal, AN2690. The deletion mutant

microRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding small RNAs that regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level. Thousands of miRNAs have been identified in legumes, but studies about miRNAs linked to peanut nodule functionality are scarce. In this work we analyzed transcriptional changes in peanut nodules to identify miRNAs involved in functional processes of these organs. We found 32 miRNAs precursors differentially

Numerous studies have been carried out on different aspects of the light from summer-active fireflies. Characteristics of this light have led to very interesting conclusions on the chemiluminescence reaction as well as on the nature of the light from live fireflies. Here we present a first report on bioluminescence emissions from a newly found winter-active Indian species of firefly Diaphanes sp. The

Transforming growth factor β2 (TGF-β2)/Smad signaling is widely accepted as a key inducer of proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human lens epithelial cells (LECs), contributing to the development of posterior capsule opacification (PCO). Increasing evidence shows that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in PCO pathogenesis. Herein, we aimed to explore the role and molecular

Patients affected by pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) manifest deficiencies in innate cellular immunity. The Tim-3/Galectin-9 axis is an important regulator of Th1 cell immunity, leading to Th1 cell apoptosis. Herein, this study aims to clarify the underlying roles of the Tim-3/Galectin-9 axis in T-cell immunity in PTB. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were extracted from subjects with and without

The 165,137 bp plasmid pAO1 of Paenarthrobacter nicotinovorans carries the genes of a nicotine catabolic pathway. The genes are organized into several gene modules responsible for the catabolism of l- and d-nicotine to nicotine blue, α-ketoglutarate and succinate. Various modules of these genes have been shown to be present in gram-positive (Gram+) soil bacteria. The presence of the identical pAO1

The osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has potential clinical values in the treatment of bone-related diseases. Long non-coding RNA H19 and microRNA-140-5p (miR-140-5p) have attracted much attention of researchers by virtue of their biological importance in cell differentiation and bone formation. Moreover, bioinformatics analyses suggest that miR-140-5p have the potential

In host–parasite co-evolution, parasites are assumed to have an advantage owing to their shorter generation time. Evolution of pathogens within the lifetime of a host individual is implicated as a strong selective force in the evolution of sex and aging in the host. However, this assumption or its testable predictions have not been examined empirically. We classified infectious bacteria and viruses

Tissue analysis by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) imaging can determine the biodistribution of molecules, without pre-analytical modification. We aimed to study the infrared spectroscopic changes of α-helical proteins at post-traumatic epileptic (PTE) foci by FTIR. FITR mapping was applied to detect α-helical proteins in rat brain tissue samples with post-traumatic epilepsy. Histological examination

Thermostability improvement of enzymes used industrially or commercially would develop their capacity and commercial potential due to increased enzymatic competence and cost-effectiveness. Several stabilizing factors have been suggested to be the base of thermal stability, like proline replacements, disulfide bonds, surface loop truncation and ionic pair networks creation. This research evaluated the

Oxidative low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced endothelial cell injury is a key contributor to atherosclerosis development. However, the role and mechanism of long noncoding RNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) in atherosclerosis remain largely unknown. The ox-LDL-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) injury was analyzed by cell viability, apoptosis, inflammatory cytokines

Pluripotency in stem cells is regulated by a complex network between the transcription factors, signaling molecules, mRNAs, and epigenetic regulators like non-coding RNAs. Different pluripotent stem cell (PSC) lines were isolated and characterized to study the regulatory network topology to understand the mechanism that control developmental potential of pluripotent cells. PSCRIdb is a manually curated

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a complex disease which is influenced by multiple factors. Recent studies demonstrated that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MIAT was involved in tumor metastasis. However, the underlying mechanism of MIAT in NSCLC remains largely unknown. In this study, MIAT, miR-139-5p and MMP2 expression were measured by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (QRT-PCR) or Western

The hallmarks of the adaptive immune response are specificity and memory. The cellular response is mediated by T cells which express cell surface T cell receptors (TCRs) that recognize peptide antigens in complex with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on antigen presenting cells (APCs). However, binding of cognate TCRs with MHC-peptide complexes alone (signal 1) does not trigger optimal

Blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, inflammation, and cell death are the pathogenic mechanisms of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Nicorandil protects ischemic injury via some of these mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of this drug on the brain ischemia after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and clarify the NF-κB and Nrf2-dependent

microRNAs (miRNAs) have gained more attention due to the biological functions in many cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the roles and the mechanism of miR-140-3p in NSCLC progression remain poorly understood. In this study, the expression levels of miR-140-3p and Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) were measured in NSCLC tissues and cells by quantitative real-time PCR. Cell viability

Mounting evidence has reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) play irreplaceable roles in the development of keloid fibrosis. miR-4417 has been reported to contribute to nickel chloride-promoted lung epithelial cell fibrogenesis and tumorigenesis. However, whether miR-4417 is involved in keloid fibrogenesis as well as its underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. In this study, the expression levels of

Ephedrannin B (EPB) has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effect of EPB on respiratory syncytial virus infection (RSV) is not known. In this study, the cytotoxic effect of EPB was evaluated in BEAS-2B cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assays were performed

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a one of the subtypes of breast cancer which accounts for approximately 10–20% of all breast cancers. LncRNA XIST (XIST) is reported to be dysfunctional in numerous tumor types and is involved in the key pathways of cancer initiation, progression and metastasis. Thus, in the present study, we explored the detailed molecular mechanism of XIST in TNBC. XIST was