Dramatic changes in the use of prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have occurred in the last decade. The recognition that MRI detects and localizes cancers with reasonable accuracy led to the development of directed biopsies. These image-guided biopsies have a higher sensitivity for clinically significant cancers and a lower sensitivity for indolent disease. Prospective trials provide level 1 evidence supporting the use of prostate MRI. For local staging, while the specificity of prostate MRI is high, its sensitivity is lacking for microscopic extraprostatic extension. Computer-aided diagnosis of prostate MRI promises to bring the diagnostic power of MRI to nonexpert readers and thus further integrate MRI into the diagnostic workup.

中文翻译：

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前列腺磁共振成像：病变检测和局部分期。

在过去的十年中，前列腺磁共振成像（MRI）的使用发生了巨大变化。MRI以合理的准确度检测并定位癌症的认识导致定向活检的发展。这些图像引导的活检对临床上重要的癌症具有较高的敏感性，而对惰性疾病的敏感性较低。前瞻性试验提供了支持前列腺MRI使用的1级证据。对于局部分期，尽管前列腺MRI的特异性很高，但对于镜外前列腺扩展则缺乏敏感性。前列腺MRI的计算机辅助诊断有望将MRI的诊断能力带给非专业读者，从而进一步将MRI集成到诊断检查中。