The chemokine receptor CXCR2 and its ligands are implicated in the progression of tumours and various inflammatory diseases. Activation of the CXCLs/CXCR2 axis activates multiple signalling pathways, including the PI3K, p38/ERK, and JAK pathways, and regulates cell survival and migration. The CXCLs/CXCR2 axis plays a vital role in the tumour microenvironment and in recruiting neutrophils to inflammatory sites. Extensive infiltration of neutrophils during chronic inflammation is one of the most important pathogenic factors in various inflammatory diseases. Chronic inflammation is considered to be closely correlated with initiation of cancer. In addition, immunosuppressive effects of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) against T cells attenuate the anti-tumour effects of T cells and promote tumour invasion and metastasis. Over the last several decades, many therapeutic strategies targeting CXCR2 have shown promising results and entered clinical trials. In this review, we focus on the features and functions of the CXCLs/CXCR2 axis and highlight its role in cancer and inflammatory diseases. We also discuss its potential use in targeted therapies.

趋化因子受体CXCR2及其配体与肿瘤和各种​​炎性疾病的进展有关。CXCLs / CXCR2轴的激活可激活多个信号通路，包括PI3K，p38 / ERK和JAK通路，并调节细胞存活和迁移。CXCLs / CXCR2轴在肿瘤微环境和中性粒细胞募集到炎症部位中起着至关重要的作用。慢性炎症期间嗜中性粒细胞的广泛浸润是各种炎症疾病中最重要的致病因素之一。慢性炎症被认为与癌症的发生密切相关。此外，髓样来源的抑制细胞（MDSC）对T细胞的免疫抑制作用减弱了T细胞的抗肿瘤作用，并促进了肿瘤的侵袭和转移。在过去的几十年中，许多针对CXCR2的治疗策略已显示出令人鼓舞的结果并进入了临床试验。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍CXCLs / CXCR2轴的特征和功能，并重点介绍其在癌症和炎症性疾病中的作用。我们还将讨论其在靶向治疗中的潜在用途。