Abstract The illegal trade in tiger bones and body parts is crippling the remaining populations of tigers worldwide, but what effect does this trade have on other wildlife that get caught in the cross fire? The Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus) is the only species of tapir found outside of South America, yet little is known of this subspecies despite its large size. Aside from habitat loss and an encroaching human population, effects of wildlife trade are taking their toll on this endangered species. In Sumatra Indonesia, tigers and tapirs are known to share habitat, potentially leaving tapirs vulnerable to fall victim to snare entrapment. This study looks at correlations between tiger and tapir indices as well as active tiger snares within Kerinci Seblat National Park, Sumatra, Indonesia over a four-year period. Data was provided by the Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry and Fauna and Flora International, and this study investigated the frequency, and spatial relationships between all three variables. Across the study period, tiger snares increased significantly in numbers and spatial extent, indicating increased illegal poaching in KSNP. Areas with high frequencies of tiger evidence also showed high frequencies of tapir evidence, but while tiger frequency remained consistent, tapirs displayed a decreasing trend. Spatially, tiger evidence moved further away from snare and tapir locations over time, indicating tigers, (while being the target species) may display a greater response to poaching threats than tapirs. Tapir mortality was significantly correlated with the number of snares per kilometre surveyed, further supporting a negative impact from snares on tapirs. This study recommends long-term analysis to accurately determine the current population of Malayan tapirs in Sumatra and identify population trends. Identifying Sumatra's tapir population and recovery in response to poaching and habitat loss threats, must be determined to accurately inform conservation management actions of Sumatra's National Parks, and halt the decline of this illusive species.

中文翻译：

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两个物种，一个圈套：分析圈套的使用以及老虎偷猎对非目标物种马来貘的影响

摘要 虎骨和身体部位的非法贸易正在使全球剩余的老虎种群陷入瘫痪，但这种贸易对其他陷入交火的野生动物有什么影响？马来貘 (Tapirus indicus) 是唯一在南美洲以外发现的貘种，尽管体型很大，但人们对这个亚种知之甚少。除了栖息地丧失和人口减少外，野生动物贸易的影响正在对这种濒危物种造成损失。在印度尼西亚苏门答腊，众所周知，老虎和貘共享栖息地，这可能使貘容易成为圈套诱捕的受害者。本研究着眼于四年期间印度尼西亚苏门答腊 Kerinci Seblat 国家公园内老虎和貘指数以及活跃老虎圈套之间的相关性。数据由印度尼西亚环境和林业部以及国际动植物提供，本研究调查了所有三个变量之间的频率和空间关系。在整个研究期间，老虎圈套的数量和空间范围显着增加，表明 KSNP 的非法偷猎增加。老虎证据频率高的地区也表现出高频率的貘证据，但虽然老虎频率保持一致，但貘呈现下降趋势。在空间上，老虎的证据随着时间的推移远离圈套和貘的位置，这表明老虎（虽然是目标物种）可能比貘对偷猎威胁表现出更大的反应。貘死亡率与调查的每公里圈套数量显着相关，进一步支持圈套对貘的负面影响。本研究建议进行长期分析，以准确确定苏门答腊岛目前的马来貘种群并确定种群趋势。必须确定苏门答腊貘的种群和恢复以应对偷猎和栖息地丧失的威胁，以准确地告知苏门答腊国家公园的保护管理行动，并阻止这种虚幻物种的衰退。