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Renaissance of brown adipose tissue research: integrating the old and new
International Journal of Obesity Supplements Pub Date : 2015-08-04 , DOI: 10.1038/ijosup.2015.3
J G Granneman

The recent demonstration of active brown adipose tissue (BAT) in adult humans, along with the discovery of vast cellular and metabolic plasticity of adipocyte phenotypes, has given new hope of targeting adipose tissue for therapeutic benefit. Application of principles learned from the first wave of obesity-related BAT research, conducted 30 years earlier, suggests that the activity and/or mass of brown fat will need to be greatly expanded for it to significantly contribute to total energy expenditure. Although the thermogenic capacity of human brown fat is very modest, its presence often correlates with improved metabolic status, suggesting possible beneficial endocrine functions. Recent advances in our understanding of the nature of progenitors and the transcriptional programs that guide phenotypic diversity have demonstrated the possibility of expanding the population of brown adipocytes in rodent models. Expanded populations of brown and beige adipocytes will require tight control of their metabolic activity, which might be achieved by selective neural activation, tissue-selective signaling or direct activation of lipolysis, which supplies the central fuel of thermogenesis.



中文翻译:

棕色脂肪组织研究的复兴:新旧融合

成年人中活跃的棕色脂肪组织(BAT)的最新演示,以及发现脂肪细胞表型具有巨大的细胞和代谢可塑性的特性,给靶向脂肪组织带来治疗益处带来了新希望。从30年前进行的第一波与肥胖相关的BAT研究浪潮中学到的原理的应用表明,棕色脂肪的活性和/或质量将需要大大扩展,以大大有助于总能量消耗。尽管人类棕色脂肪的生热能力非常有限,但其存在常常与改善的代谢状态相关,表明可能具有有益的内分泌功能。我们对祖细胞的性质和指导表型多样性的转录程序的了解的最新进展证明了在啮齿动物模型中扩大棕色脂肪细胞种群的可能性。棕色和米色脂肪细胞的扩大种群将需要严格控制其代谢活性,这可以通过选择性神经激活,组织选择性信号传导或直接激活脂解作用来实现,脂解作用为生热提供了主要动力。

更新日期:2015-08-04
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