Medication nonadherence is a serious public health concern. Although there are promising interventions that improve medication adherence, most interventions are developed and tested in tightly controlled research environments that are dissimilar from the real-world settings where the majority of patients receive health care. Implementation science methods have the potential to facilitate and accelerate the translation shift from the trial world to the real world. We demonstrate their potential by reviewing published, high-quality medication adherence studies that could potentially be translated into clinical practice yet lack essential implementation science building blocks. We further illustrate this point by describing an adherence study that demonstrates how implementation science creates a junction between research and real-world settings. This article is a call to action for researchers, clinicians, policy makers, pharmaceutical companies, and others involved in the delivery of care to adopt the implementation science paradigm in the scale-up of adherence (research) programs.

中文翻译：

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从试验过渡到现实世界：使用实施科学的见识改善药物依从性。

药物不依从是严重的公共卫生问题。尽管存在改善药物依从性的有前途的干预措施，但大多数干预措施都是在严格控制的研究环境中开发和测试的，该环境与大多数患者接受医疗保健的现实环境不同。实施科学方法具有促进和加速从审判世界到现实世界的转换的潜力。我们通过审查已发表的高质量药物依从性研究来证明其潜力，这些研究可能会转化为临床实践，但缺乏必要的实施科学基础。我们通过描述依从性研究来进一步说明这一点，该研究证明了实施科学如何在研究与现实环境之间建立联系。