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Agent-based models of collective intelligence.
Physics of Life Reviews ( IF 11.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-01-07 , DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2018.10.004
Sandro M Reia 1 , André C Amado 2 , José F Fontanari 1
Affiliation  

Collective or group intelligence is manifested in the fact that a team of cooperating agents can solve problems more efficiently than when those agents work in isolation. Although cooperation is, in general, a successful problem solving strategy, it is not clear whether it merely speeds up the time to find the solution, or whether it alters qualitatively the statistical signature of the search for the solution. Here we review and offer insights on two agent-based models of distributed cooperative problem-solving systems, whose task is to solve a cryptarithmetic puzzle. The first model is the imitative learning search in which the agents exchange information on the quality of their partial solutions to the puzzle and imitate the most successful agent in the group. This scenario predicts a very poor performance in the case imitation is too frequent or the group is too large, a phenomenon akin to Groupthink of social psychology. The second model is the blackboard organization in which agents read and post hints on a public blackboard. This brainstorming scenario performs the best when there is a stringent limit to the amount of information that is exhibited on the board. Both cooperative scenarios produce a substantial speed up of the time to solve the puzzle as compared with the situation where the agents work in isolation. The statistical signature of the search, however, is the same as that of the independent search.

中文翻译:

基于代理的集体智慧模型。

集体或集体智慧体现在以下事实上:与单独的特工相比,合作的特工团队可以更有效地解决问题。尽管通常来说,合作是成功的问题解决策略,但尚不清楚是否只是加快找到解决方案的时间,或者是否从质上改变了寻找解决方案的统计签名。在这里,我们回顾并提供有关分布式协作式问题解决系统的两种基于代理的模型的见解,它们的任务是解决密码算术难题。第一个模型是模仿学习搜索,其中的特工交换有关他们对难题的部分解决方案的质量的信息,并模仿小组中最成功的特工。这种情况预示着在模仿过于频繁或群体过大的情况下,表现将非常差,这类似于Groupthink的社会心理学现象。第二种模式是黑板组织,其中座席在公共黑板上阅读和张贴提示。当董事会上展示的信息量受到严格限制时,这种集思广益方案的效果最佳。与代理独立工作的情况相比,两种协作方案都大大加快了解决难题的时间。但是,搜索的统计签名与独立搜索的统计签名相同。当董事会上展示的信息量受到严格限制时,这种集思广益方案的效果最佳。与代理独立工作的情况相比,两种协作方案都大大加快了解决难题的时间。但是,搜索的统计签名与独立搜索的统计签名相同。当董事会上展示的信息量受到严格限制时,这种集思广益方案的效果最佳。与代理独立工作的情况相比,两种协作方案都大大加快了解决难题的时间。但是,搜索的统计签名与独立搜索的统计签名相同。
更新日期:2019-01-07
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