Aquaculture provides more than half of the fish used for human consumption, contributing to food security and nutrition, economic growth and improved livelihoods. Aquaculture production in countries bordering the Mediterranean and Black Sea has grown steadily, though not homogenously, mainly based on marine species. To boost development, there is a need to support governance to establish activities within a coordinated spatial planning process. Knowledge of aquaculture spatial planning processes are assessed through consultations with stakeholders from 21 countries using a structured questionnaire, internal review and a workshop to determine major barriers to the implementation in the region. Results suggest different levels of knowledge of regulatory systems in the countries surveyed. Aquaculture zoning is widespread. Site selection is a long and inefficient process, a barrier to investment, exacerbated by an apparent lack of a clear distribution of power and responsibilities. Area management is the least implemented part of the spatial planning process, with few examples of an integrated approach. Poor social acceptance of aquaculture, low technical knowledge and understanding of spatial planning concepts, and a lack of meaningful communication are among the problems highlighted by stakeholders. Although recent advances are evident, the integration of aquaculture with other users of marine space remains a work in progress that requires a specific regulatory framework, capacity building, transparency, good communication and participatory processes. Application of spatial planning following an ecosystem approach to aquaculture can contribute to improvements that have the potential to counter the negative externalities of unplanned or uncoordinated development.

中文翻译：

---

多方利益相关者对地中海和黑海海水养殖空间规划过程的看法

水产养殖提供了一半以上的人类食用鱼类，为粮食安全和营养，经济增长和改善生计做出了贡献。与地中海和黑海接壤的国家的水产养殖产量稳定增长，尽管不是同质的，主要基于海洋物种。为了促进发展，需要支持治理以在协调的空间规划过程中建立活动。通过与来自21个国家的利益相关者进行磋商，使用结构化的问卷调查，内部审查和研讨会确定该区域实施的主要障碍，来评估水产养殖空间规划过程的知识。结果表明，在接受调查的国家中，对监管系统的了解程度不同。水产养殖分区很普遍。选址是一个漫长而低效的过程，是投资的障碍，显然缺乏明确的权力和职责分配，这加剧了选址。区域管理是空间规划过程中实施最少的部分，很少有集成方法的示例。利益攸关方强调的问题包括对水产养殖的社会接受度低，技术知识和对空间规划概念的了解不足以及缺乏有意义的交流。尽管最近的进展是显而易见的，但将水产养殖与其他海洋空间使用者的融合仍在进行中，需要具体的监管框架，能力建设，透明度，良好的交流和参与性过程。