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Brain structure, cognition, and brain age in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and healthy controls.
Neuropsychopharmacology ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-12-20 , DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0298-z
Saba Shahab 1, 2, 3 , Benoit H Mulsant 2, 4, 5, 6 , Melissa L Levesque 1, 2 , Navona Calarco 1, 2, 5 , Arash Nazeri 7 , Anne L Wheeler 8, 9 , George Foussias 2, 4, 5, 10 , Tarek K Rajji 2, 4, 5, 6 , Aristotle N Voineskos 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 10
Affiliation  

Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (BD) may be disorders of accelerated aging. Direct comparison of healthy aging populations with schizophrenia and BD patients across the adult lifespan may help inform this theory. In total, 225 individuals (91 healthy controls, 81 schizophrenia, 53 euthymic BD) underwent 3T T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and cognitive testing. We analyzed associations among age, diagnosis, and cognition with cortical thickness and fractional anisotropy (FA) using general linear models. We then assessed "brain age" using a random forest algorithm, which was also assessed in an independent sample (n = 147). Participants with schizophrenia had lower cortical thickness and FA compared with the other two groups, most prominently in fronto-temporal circuitry. These brain changes were more evident in younger participants than in older ones, yet were associated with cognitive performance independent of diagnosis. Predicted age was 8 years greater than chronological age in individuals with schizophrenia in the first sample and 6 years greater in the second sample. Predicted and chronological age were not different in BD. Differences in brain circuitry are present from illness onset most prominently in schizophrenia and to a lesser extent in BD. These results support a non-progressive "early hit" hypothesis/etiology of illness in the major psychoses. Brain age differences support the hypothesized early aging mechanism in schizophrenia but not in BD.

中文翻译:

精神分裂症、双相情感障碍和健康对照中的大脑结构、认知和大脑年龄。

精神分裂症和双相情感障碍 (BD) 可能是加速衰老的疾病。直接比较健康老龄化人群与精神分裂症和 BD 患者的整个成人寿命可能有助于为这一理论提供信息。总共有 225 人(91 名健康对照、81 名精神分裂症、53 名正常 BD)接受了 3T T1 加权磁共振成像、弥散张量成像和认知测试。我们使用一般线性模型分析了年龄、诊断和认知与皮质厚度和分数各向异性 (FA) 之间的关联。然后,我们使用随机森林算法评估了“大脑年龄”,该算法也在独立样本 (n = 147) 中进行了评估。与其他两组相比,精神分裂症参与者的皮质厚度和 FA 较低,最突出的是额颞回路。这些大脑变化在年轻参与者中比在年长参与者中更明显,但与独立于诊断的认知表现相关。第一个样本中精神分裂症患者的预测年龄比实际年龄大 8 岁,第二个样本中的预测年龄大 6 岁。BD 的预测年龄和实际年龄没有差异。大脑回路的差异从疾病发作开始就存在,在精神分裂症中最为突出,而在 BD 中则较小。这些结果支持主要精神病的非进行性“早期打击”假设/疾病病因学。大脑年龄差异支持精神分裂症早期衰老机制的假设,但不支持 BD。第一个样本中精神分裂症患者的预测年龄比实际年龄大 8 岁,第二个样本中的预测年龄大 6 岁。BD 的预测年龄和实际年龄没有差异。大脑回路的差异从疾病发作开始就存在,在精神分裂症中最为突出,而在 BD 中则较小。这些结果支持主要精神病的非进行性“早期打击”假设/疾病病因学。大脑年龄差异支持精神分裂症早期衰老机制的假设,但不支持 BD。第一个样本中精神分裂症患者的预测年龄比实际年龄大 8 岁,第二个样本中的预测年龄大 6 岁。BD 的预测年龄和实际年龄没有差异。大脑回路的差异从疾病发作开始就存在,在精神分裂症中最为突出,而在 BD 中则较小。这些结果支持主要精神病的非进行性“早期打击”假设/疾病病因学。大脑年龄差异支持精神分裂症早期衰老机制的假设,但不支持 BD。大脑回路的差异从疾病发作开始就存在,在精神分裂症中最为突出,而在 BD 中则较小。这些结果支持主要精神病的非进行性“早期打击”假设/疾病病因学。大脑年龄差异支持精神分裂症早期衰老机制的假设,但不支持 BD。大脑回路的差异从疾病发作开始就存在,在精神分裂症中最为突出,而在 BD 中则较小。这些结果支持主要精神病的非进行性“早期打击”假设/疾病病因学。大脑年龄差异支持精神分裂症早期衰老机制的假设,但不支持 BD。
更新日期:2019-01-26
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