Part of the InSight mission, the SEIS instrument (Seismic Experiment for Interior Structures), is planned to arrive on Mars in November 2018. In order to prepare its future recordings on the red planet, special attention was directed towards calibrating the seismometer in-situ on the Martian surface. Besides relative calibrations, we studied the possibility of actively calibrating the two kinds of seismometers onboard SEIS, the Very Broad Band seismometers (VBB) and the Short Period seismometers (SP) and extended the analysis towards a possible absolute calibration. For that purpose, we developed additional noise models at low frequency and elaborate on how they will be sensed by the seismic sensors from long-period data recorded by the seismometer. Such work will improve SEIS capabilities to unveil the inner structure of Mars by checking SEIS well-being and with applications such as gravimetry with the main Phobos tide. The current calibration procedure is planned to take one hour to calibrate the VBB sensors using the SP sensors, and determine the VBB gain with an accuracy of 0.4%, good enough to resolve the state of the Martian core.

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InSight 任务的高精度 SEIS 校准及其应用

作为 InSight 任务的一部分，SEIS 仪器（内部结构地震实验）计划于 2018 年 11 月抵达火星。为了准备其未来在这颗红色星球上的记录，特别注意现场校准地震仪在火星表面。除了相对校准外，我们还研究了主动校准 SEIS 两种地震计的可能性，即甚宽带地震仪 (VBB) 和短周期地震仪 (SP)，并将分析扩展到可能的绝对校准。为此，我们开发了额外的低频噪声模型，并详细说明了地震传感器如何从地震仪记录的长周期数据中感知它们。此类工作将通过检查 SEIS 的健康状况以及应用重力测量等主要火卫一潮汐来提高 SEIS 揭示火星内部结构的能力。当前的校准程序计划需要一个小时来使用 SP 传感器校准 VBB 传感器，并以 0.4% 的精度确定 VBB 增益，足以解析火星核心的状态。