Efficient myelin regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) requires the migration, proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) into myelinating oligodendrocytes. In demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), this regenerative process can fail, and therapies targeting myelin repair are currently completely lacking in the clinic. The immune system is emerging as a key regenerative player in many tissues, such as muscle and heart. We recently reported that regulatory T cells (Treg) are required for efficient CNS remyelination. Furthermore, Treg secrete CCN3, a matricellular protein from the CCN family, implicated in regeneration of other tissues. Treg-derived CCN3 promoted oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination. In contrast, previous studies showed that CCN2 inhibited myelination. These studies highlight the need for further scrutiny of the roles that CCN proteins play in myelin development and regeneration. Collectively, these findings open up exciting avenues of research to uncover the regenerative potential of the adaptive immune system.

中文翻译：

---

再生中枢神经系统髓磷脂：调节性T细胞和CCN蛋白的新兴作用。

中枢神经系统（CNS）中有效的髓磷脂再生需要少突胶质祖细胞（OPC）向有髓突突性少突胶质细胞的迁移，增殖和分化。在多发性硬化（MS）等脱髓鞘疾病中，这种再生过程可能会失败，目前临床上完全缺乏针对髓鞘修复的疗法。免疫系统正在成为许多组织（例如肌肉和心脏）中重要的再生参与者。我们最近报道，有效的CNS髓鞘再生需要调节性T细胞（Treg）。此外，Treg分泌CCN3，一种来自CCN家族的基质细胞蛋白，与其他组织的再生有关。Treg衍生的CCN3促进少突胶质细胞分化和髓鞘形成。相反，以前的研究表明CCN2抑制髓鞘形成。这些研究强调需要进一步审查CCN蛋白在髓鞘发育和再生中所起的作用。总而言之，这些发现开辟了令人兴奋的研究途径，以揭示适应性免疫系统的再生潜力。