Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common forms of solid tumors in the world with high rates of mortality and morbidity. Most cases of CRCs are initiated by inactivating mutations in a tumor suppressor gene, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), leading to constitutive activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. This review summarizes the roles of somatic and germline mutations of the APC gene in hereditary as well as sporadic forms of CRC. We also discuss the diagnostic and prognostic value of the APC gene in the pathogenesis of CRC for a better understanding of CRC disease.

中文翻译：

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结肠腺瘤性息肉病（APC）基因突变在大肠癌发病机理中的作用；现状和观点

大肠癌（CRC）是世界上最常见的实体瘤形式之一，死亡率和发病率很高。CRC的大多数情况是由灭活肿瘤抑制基因腺瘤性息肉病（APC）中的突变引起的，从而导致Wnt信号通路的组成性激活。这篇综述总结了APC基因的体细胞和种系突变在遗传性和散发性CRC中的作用。我们还将讨论APC基因在CRC发病机理中的诊断和预后价值，以更好地了解CRC疾病。