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Emotion makes a difference: Induced sadness reduces preschool boys' sharing behavior
Evolution and Human Behavior ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-03-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2018.10.001
Rui Guo , Zhibin He , Zhen Wu

Abstract This study investigated how external negative emotional stimuli influenced 5–6-year-old children's (N = 98) sharing behavior. Children were asked to watch a video that induced either sad or neutral emotion and then share stickers simultaneously with poor and wealthy recipients. Compared to the neutral emotion condition, boys shared less, and offered more self-focused reasons for sharing after being induced sad emotions; girls however, shared equally, and provided self-focused and other-focused reasons equally in both emotional conditions. Results indicated that sadness increased children's tendency to defend their own interest in boys but not in girls, which supports the evolutionary “male warrior hypothesis”. In addition, although children indicated that they liked the wealthy recipient better than the poor one, they shared equally between the two recipients, suggesting an early development of equality concern and charity behavior (i.e., care for the disadvantaged individuals). These findings revealed gender differences in the socio-affective processes underlying children's resource allocation and added developmental evidence for the adaptive function of negative emotions.

中文翻译:

情绪有所作为:诱发悲伤会减少学龄前男孩的分享行为

摘要 本研究调查了外部负面情绪刺激如何影响 5-6 岁儿童 (N = 98) 的分享行为。孩子们被要求观看一段引发悲伤或中性情绪的视频,然后与穷人和富人同时分享贴纸。与中性情绪状态相比,男孩分享较少,并且在被诱发悲伤情绪后提供更多以自我为中心的分享理由;然而,女孩们平等分享,并在两种情绪条件下平等地提供以自我为中心和以他人为中心的理由。结果表明,悲伤增加了儿童捍卫自己对男孩而不是女孩的兴趣的倾向,这支持进化的“男性战士假说”。此外,虽然孩子们表示他们更喜欢富人而不是穷人,他们在两个接受者之间平等分享,表明平等关注和慈善行为(即关心弱势群体)的早期发展。这些发现揭示了儿童资源分配背后的社会情感过程中的性别差异,并为负面情绪的适应功能增加了发展证据。
更新日期:2019-03-01
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