The family Plectosphaerellaceae (Glomerellales, Sordariomycetes) includes numerous plant pathogenic genera and soil-borne fungal species. Ten genera are currently accepted, including several taxa that occupy an unresolved position within the family. To address this issue, a multilocus sequence analysis was carried out using partial gene sequences from the 28S large subunit nrRNA gene (LSU), the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the nrDNA region, including the 5.8S nrRNA gene, the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-α), tryptophan synthase (TS), actin (ACT) and the RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), based on a large set of isolates mainly from the CBS collection. Results of the molecular data combined with a detailed morphological study resolved 22 genera in the family, of which 12 are newly described. Additionally, 15 new species and 10 new combinations are proposed. An epitype and neotype are also introduced for Stachylidium bicolor and Plectosphaerella cucumerina, respectively.

Plectosphaerellaceae科（球球菌目、Sordariomycetes）包括许多植物致病属和土传真菌物种。目前有十个属被接受，包括几个在科内占据未解决地位的分类单元。为了解决这个问题，使用来自 28S 大亚基 nrRNA 基因 (LSU)、nrDNA 区域的内部转录间隔区 (ITS) 区域（包括 5.8S nrRNA 基因、翻译延伸）的部分基因序列进行了多位点序列分析。因子 1-α ( TEF1-α )、色氨酸合酶 ( TS )、肌动蛋白 ( ACT ) 和 RNA 聚合酶 II 第二大亚基 ( RPB2 )，基于主要来自 CBS 收藏的大量分离株。分子数据结果与详细的形态学研究相结合，确定了该科的 22 个属，其中 12 个属是新描述的。此外，还提出了 15 个新物种和 10 个新组合。还分别为Stachylidium bicolor和Plectosphaerella cucumerina引入了表型和新型。