Alfred Werner’s work on the geometric aspects of how ligands bind to metal ions at the end of the 19th century has given rise, in the molecular realm, to organometallic, bioinorganic, and cluster chemistries. By stitching together organic and inorganic units into crystalline porous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), the connectivity, spatial arrangement, and geometry of those molecular complexes can now be fixed in space and become directly addressable. The fact that MOFs are porous provides additional space within which molecules can further be transformed and their chemistry controlled. An aspect not available in molecular chemistry but a direct consequence of Werner’s analysis of coordination complexes is the ability to have multivariable functionality in MOFs to bring about a continuum of chemical environments, within the repeating order of the framework, from which a substrate can sample and be transformed in ways not possible in molecular complex chemistry.

中文翻译：

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从Werner配合物到金属有机框架的概念发展

阿尔弗雷德·沃纳（Alfred Werner）在19世纪末期关于配体如何与金属离子结合的几何方面的研究在分子领域引起了有机金属，生物无机和团簇化学的发展。通过将有机和无机单元缝合到结晶的多孔金属有机框架（MOF）中，这些分子配合物的连通性，空间排列和几何形状现在可以在空间中固定并可以直接寻址。MOF多孔的事实提供了额外的空间，分子可以在该空间内进一步转化并控制其化学性质。分子化学中尚不存在的一个方面，但沃纳（Werner）对配位配合物的分析的直接结果是，在MOF中具有多变量功能以实现连续的化学环境的能力，