A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted of the techniques used to promote psychological need satisfaction and motivation within health interventions based on self-determination theory (SDT; Ryan & Deci, 2017). Eight databases were searched from 1970-2017. Studies including a control group and reporting pre- and post-intervention ratings of SDT-related psychosocial mediators (namely perceived autonomy support, need satisfaction and motivation) with children or adults were included. Risk of bias was assessed using items from the Cochrane risk of bias tool. 2496 articles were identified of which 74 met inclusion criteria; 80% were RCTs or cluster RCTs. Techniques to promote need supportive environments were coded according to two established taxonomies (BCTv1 and MIT), and 21 SDT-specific techniques, and grouped into 18 SDT based strategies. Weighted mean effect sizes were computed using a random effects model; perceived autonomy support g = 0.84, autonomy g = 0.81, competence g = 0.63, relatedness g = 0.28, and motivation g = 0.41. One-to-one interventions resulted in greater competence satisfaction than group-based (g = 0.96 vs. 0.28), and competence satisfaction was greater for adults (g = 0.95) than children (g = 0.11). Meta-regression analysis showed that individual strategies had limited independent impact on outcomes, endorsing the suggestion that a need supportive environment requires the combination of multiple co-acting techniques.

中文翻译：

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从自决理论角度对促进健康行为改变动机的技术进行荟萃分析

基于自决理论（SDT; Ryan＆Deci，2017），对健康干预中用于促进心理需求满意度和动机的技术进行了系统的回顾和荟萃分析（SDT; Ryan＆Deci，2017）。从1970-2017年搜索了八个数据库。纳入了包括对照组在内的研究，并报告了与儿童或成人有关的与SDT相关的社会心理调解者的干预前后评分（即知觉的自主支持，需求满意度和动机）。使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具中的项目评估了偏倚风险。确定了2496篇文章，其中74篇符合纳入标准；80％是RCT或集群RCT。根据两种已建立的分类法（BCTv1和MIT）以及21种SDT特定技术，对促进需求支持环境的技术进行了编码，并分为18种基于SDT的策略。使用随机效应模型计算加权平均效应大小；感知自治支持g  = 0.84，自主权g  = 0.81，胜任力g  = 0.63，亲和力g  = 0.28，动机g  = 0.41。一对一的干预所产生的能力满意度要高于基于小组的参与者（g  = 0.96 vs. 0.28），而成年人（g  = 0.95）比儿童（g  = 0.11）要高。荟萃回归分析表明，个体策略对结果的独立影响有限，支持以下观点：需要支持的环境需要结合多种协同作用技术。