Polymer/clay aerogel composites fabricated using the freeze-drying method and water as solvent has drawn extensive attentions during the past decade. Such aerogels possess layered or network microstructures, low thermal conductivities, and good thermal stabilities; of special interest, they generally have very low flammability, which could be influenced by the composition and microstructure of the aerogel composites. The fire performance of the aerogels can be further improved with flame retardant modifications. Polymer/clay aerogel composites can also serve as effective flame retardant coatings. The mechanisms of the flame retardancy of polymer/clay aerogel composites are also discussed herein. The thorough survey of the current literatures offers useful information to realize potential of polymer/clay aerogels and help guidance to design novel high-performance polymer/clay aerogel composites.

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聚合物/粘土气凝胶复合材料的易燃性：概述

在过去的十年中，使用冷冻干燥法和以水为溶剂制备的聚合物/粘土气凝胶复合材料引起了广泛的关注。这类气凝胶具有层状或网状的微结构，低导热率和良好的热稳定性。特别令人感兴趣的是，它们通常具有非常低的可燃性，这可能受到气凝胶复合材料的组成和微观结构的影响。气凝胶的阻燃性能可以通过阻燃剂改性得到进一步改善。聚合物/粘土气凝胶复合材料也可以用作有效的阻燃涂料。本文还讨论了聚合物/粘土气凝胶复合材料的阻燃性机理。