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HHV-6 encoded small non-coding RNAs define an intermediate and early stage in viral reactivation
npj Genomic Medicine ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2018-09-05 , DOI: 10.1038/s41525-018-0064-5
Bhupesh K. Prusty , Nitish Gulve , Suvagata Roy Chowdhury , Michael Schuster , Sebastian Strempel , Vincent Descamps , Thomas Rudel

Human herpesvirus 6A and 6B frequently acquires latency. HHV-6 activation has been associated with various human diseases. Germ line inheritance of chromosomally integrated HHV-6 makes viral DNA-based analysis difficult for determination of early stages of viral activation. We characterized early stages of HHV-6 activation using high throughput transcriptomics studies and applied the results to understand virus activation under clinical conditions. Using a latent HHV-6A cell culture model in U2OS cells, we identified an early stage of viral reactivation, which we define as transactivation that is marked by transcription of several viral small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) in the absence of detectable increase in viral replication and proteome. Using deep sequencing approaches, we detected previously known as well as a new viral sncRNAs that characterized viral transactivation and differentiated it from latency. Here we show changes in human transcriptome upon viral transactivation that reflect multiple alterations in mitochondria-associated pathways, which was supported by observation of increased mitochondrial fragmentation in virus reactivated cells. Furthermore, we present here a unique clinical case of DIHS/DRESS associated death where HHV-6 sncRNA-U14 was abundantly detected throughout the body of the patient in the presence of low viral DNA. In this study, we have identified a unique and early stage of viral activation that is characterized by abundant transcription of viral sncRNAs, which can serve as an ideal biomarker under clinical conditions.



中文翻译:

HHV-6编码的小非编码RNA定义了病毒激活的中间阶段和早期阶段

人疱疹病毒6A和6B经常会出现潜伏期。HHV-6激活与多种人类疾病有关。染色体整合的HHV-6的胚系遗传使基于病毒DNA的分析难以确定病毒激活的早期阶段。我们使用高通量转录组学研究对HHV-6激活的早期阶段进行了表征,并将结果应用于了解临床条件下的病毒激活。在U2OS细胞中使用潜在的HHV-6A细胞培养模型,我们鉴定了病毒再激活的早期阶段,我们将其定义为反转录激活,其特征是在没有可检测到的H2O增加的情况下,几个病毒性小非编码RNA(sncRNA)的转录。病毒复制和蛋白质组。使用深度测序方法,我们检测到了先前已知的以及新的病毒sncRNA,它们具有病毒反式激活特征并将其与潜伏期区别开来。在这里,我们显示了病毒转录激活后人类转录组的变化,反映了线粒体相关途径的多种变化,这被病毒重新激活的细胞中线粒体片段化的增加所支持。此外,我们在这里介绍了DIHS / DRESS相关死亡的独特临床病例,其中在低病毒DNA存在的情况下,在患者体内大量检测到HHV-6 sncRNA-U14。在这项研究中,我们确定了病毒激活的独特且早期阶段,其特征是病毒sncRNA的大量转录,可以在临床条件下用作理想的生物标记。在这里,我们显示了病毒转录激活后人类转录组的变化,反映了线粒体相关途径的多种变化,这被病毒重新激活的细胞中线粒体片段化的增加所支持。此外,我们在这里介绍了DIHS / DRESS相关死亡的独特临床病例,其中在低病毒DNA存在的情况下,在患者体内大量检测到HHV-6 sncRNA-U14。在这项研究中,我们确定了病毒激活的独特且早期阶段,其特征是病毒sncRNA的大量转录,可以在临床条件下用作理想的生物标记。在这里,我们显示了病毒转录激活后人类转录组的变化,反映了线粒体相关途径的多种变化,这被病毒重新激活的细胞中线粒体片段化的增加所支持。此外,我们在这里介绍了DIHS / DRESS相关死亡的独特临床病例,其中在低病毒DNA存在的情况下,在患者体内大量检测到HHV-6 sncRNA-U14。在这项研究中,我们确定了病毒激活的独特且早期阶段,其特征是病毒sncRNA的大量转录,可以在临床条件下用作理想的生物标记。观察到病毒重新激活的细胞中线粒体片段化增加,这证明了这一点。此外,我们在这里介绍了DIHS / DRESS相关死亡的独特临床病例,其中在低病毒DNA存在的情况下,在患者体内大量检测到HHV-6 sncRNA-U14。在这项研究中,我们确定了病毒激活的独特且早期阶段,其特征是病毒sncRNA的大量转录,可以在临床条件下用作理想的生物标记。观察到病毒重新激活的细胞中线粒体片段化增加,这证明了这一点。此外,我们在这里介绍了DIHS / DRESS相关死亡的独特临床病例,其中在低病毒DNA存在的情况下,在患者体内大量检测到HHV-6 sncRNA-U14。在这项研究中,我们确定了病毒激活的独特且早期阶段,其特征是病毒sncRNA的大量转录,可以在临床条件下用作理想的生物标记。

更新日期:2019-11-18
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