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Wheat Blast: Past, Present, and Future
Annual Review of Phytopathology ( IF 10.2 ) Pub Date : 2018-08-27 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080417-050036
Paulo Cezar Ceresini 1 , Vanina Lilián Castroagudín 1 , Fabrício Ávila Rodrigues 2 , Jonas Alberto Rios 2 , Carlos Eduardo Aucique-Pérez 2 , Silvino Intra Moreira 3 , Eduardo Alves 3 , Daniel Croll 4 , João Leodato Nunes Maciel 5
Affiliation  

The devastating wheat blast disease first emerged in Brazil in 1985. The disease was restricted to South America until 2016, when a series of grain imports from Brazil led to a wheat blast outbreak in Bangladesh. Wheat blast is caused by Pyricularia graminis-tritici (Pygt), a species genetically distinct from the Pyricularia oryzae species that causes rice blast. Pygt has high genetic and phenotypic diversity and a broad host range that enables it to move back and forth between wheat and other grass hosts. Recombination is thought to occur mainly on the other grass hosts, giving rise to the highly diverse Pygt population observed in wheat fields. This review brings together past and current knowledge about the history, etiology, epidemiology, physiology, and genetics of wheat blast and discusses the future need for integrated management strategies. The most urgent current need is to strengthen quarantine and biosafety regulations to avoid additional spread of the pathogen to disease-free countries. International breeding efforts will be needed to develop wheat varieties with more durable resistance.

中文翻译:


小麦爆炸:过去,现在和未来

毁灭性的小麦瘟病最初于1985年在巴西出现。该病仅限于南美,直到2016年,当时从巴西进口的一系列谷物导致孟加拉国爆发小麦瘟病。小麦瘟病是由遗传上不同于引起稻瘟病的稻瘟病菌(Pyricularia oryzae)物种遗传的Pyricularia graminis-triticiPygt)引起的。Pygt具有很高的遗传和表型多样性,寄主范围广,可以在小麦和其他草类寄主之间来回移动。人们认为重组主要发生在其他草类宿主上,从而导致了高度多样化的皮格特(Pygt)在麦田中观察到的种群数量。这篇综述汇集了过去和当前有关小麦瘟病的历史,病因,流行病学,生理学和遗传学的知识,并讨论了未来对综合管理策略的需求。当前最迫切的需要是加强检疫和生物安全法规,以避免病原体进一步传播到无病国家。需要国际育种努力来开发具有更持久抗性的小麦品种。

更新日期:2018-08-27
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