The Rotation and Interior Structure Experiment (RISE) on-board the InSight mission will use the lander’s X-band (8 GHz) radio system in combination with tracking stations of the NASA Deep Space Network (DSN) to determine the rotation of Mars. RISE will measure the nutation of the Martian spin axis, detecting for the first time the effect of the liquid core of Mars and providing in turn new constraints on the core radius and density. RISE will also measure changes in the rotation rate of Mars on seasonal time-scales thereby constraining the atmospheric angular momentum budget. Finally, RISE will provide a superb tie between the cartographic and inertial reference frames. This paper describes the RISE scientific objectives and measurements, and provides the expected results of the experiment.

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“洞察号”火星任务旋转及内部结构实验

InSight 任务上的旋转和内部结构实验 (RISE) 将使用着陆器的 X 波段 (8 GHz) 无线电系统与 NASA 深空网络 (DSN) 的跟踪站相结合，以确定火星的旋转。RISE 将测量火星自转轴的章动，首次探测火星液态核心的影响，并反过来提供对核心半径和密度的新限制。RISE 还将在季节性时间尺度上测量火星自转速率的变化，从而限制大气角动量预算。最后，RISE 将在制图和惯性参考系之间提供极好的联系。本文描述了 RISE 的科学目标和测量，并提供了实验的预期结果。