Particle deposition on heat exchanger tubes is a serious concern in solid fuel combustion and gasification systems, such as power plants and syngas coolers. To predict deposition rates, several detailed computational fluid dynamic (CFD) models have been developed. However, these models are computationally expensive and cannot be used for quick determination of deposition rates and/or slagging tendencies. Particle impaction efficiency correlations, while not as accurate as detailed CFD models, are easier to use and are able to estimate the impaction rate of particles on the heat exchanger tubes. Nonetheless, since deposition and slagging are not just functions of particle impaction rates, but also sticking propensity, which is related to the particle temperature at impact, the impaction efficiency correlations fail to provide sufficient information. To address this shortcoming, similar correlations for particle temperature at impact have been developed in this work, based on a non-dimensional parameter that captures the flow and boundary conditions, as well as particle properties. When used alongside the impaction efficiency correlations, the new correlations developed can provide a reasonable estimate of the deposition and slagging tendencies, at negligible computational expense.

在固体燃料燃烧和气化系统（例如发电厂和合成气冷却器）中，热交换器管上的颗粒沉积是一个严重的问题。为了预测沉积速率，已经开发了几种详细的计算流体动力学（CFD）模型。然而，这些模型在计算上是昂贵的，并且不能用于快速确定沉积速率和/或结渣趋势。颗粒碰撞效率相关性虽然不如详细的CFD模型准确，但更易于使用，并且能够估算颗粒在换热管上的碰撞率。但是，由于沉积和结渣不仅是颗粒撞击率的函数，而且还是与撞击时的颗粒温度有关的粘附倾向，因此撞击效率相关性不能提供足够的信息。为了解决这个缺点，基于捕获流动和边界条件以及颗粒性质的无量纲参数，在这项工作中已经开发了与撞击时的颗粒温度相似的相关性。与冲击效率相关性一起使用时，开发的新相关性可以以可忽略的计算费用提供沉积趋势和结渣趋势的合理估计。