Fungal Biology Reviews ( IF 6 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2018.04.001 Hans Halbwachs , Josef Simmel
Fungi are of pivotal importance for terrestrial ecosystems. They occur globally and show extremely high species diversities. In this review, we compiled information about the adaptability of pileate basidiomycetes by illustrating their habits in contrasting biomes, the arctic regions and tropical lowland rainforests. Mushrooms are faced with differing stress factors and levels in the two ecozones. They fight such challenges by using, by and large, similar physiological and morphological toolkits. They make them fit for extreme environmental conditions, by expressing traits according to biome characteristics. This way, fungal assemblages are formed and pheno- and genotypic plasticity is capitalised. Still, many questions remain open and need further clarification, such as trade-offs between thermal protection and predator defence, prevailing dispersal modes in the main ecozones, interactions with animals and the mechanisms that create genetic plasticity.
中文翻译:
有些人喜欢热,有些则不喜欢–热带和北极蘑菇
真菌对于陆地生态系统至关重要。它们在全球范围内发生,并显示出极高的物种多样性。在这篇综述中,我们通过举例说明了桩状担子菌在生物群落,北极地区和热带低地雨林中的习惯,从而汇编了它们的适应性信息。在两个生态区中,蘑菇面临着不同的压力因素和压力水平。他们通过大体上使用相似的生理和形态学工具箱来应对这些挑战。通过根据生物群落特征表达性状,它们使它们适合极端的环境条件。这样,形成了真菌集合体,并利用了表型和基因型可塑性。尽管如此,许多问题仍然悬而未决,需要进一步澄清,例如在热防护和捕食者防御之间的权衡,