Abstract The formal theories of breakup reactions are reviewed. The direct breakup mechanism that is formulated within the framework of the post-form distorted-wave Born approximation, is discussed in detail. In this theory, which requires the information about only the ground state wave function of the projectile, the fragment–target interactions are included to all orders while fragment–fragment interaction is treated only in the first order. We put special emphasis on the breakup reactions of the near neutron drip line nuclei on heavy nuclear targets, which are dominated by the pure Coulomb breakup mechanism. The applicability of this theory to describe such reactions involving both spherical as well as deformed projectiles, is demonstrated by comparing the calculations with breakup data for total, energy and angle integrated cross sections and momentum distributions of fragments emitted in such reactions. Roles played by the pure Coulomb, pure nuclear and the Coulomb–nuclear interference terms in describing the breakup observables are discussed. Postacceleration effects in the Coulomb breakup of neutron halo nuclei are elaborated. The function of the pure Coulomb breakup mechanism in the one-neutron removal reactions of the type A ( a , b γ ) X on heavy target nuclei is underlined. The relationship between the parallel momentum distribution of the fragments and the break down of the magic numbers as the neutron drip line is approached, is highlighted.

中文翻译：

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轻质和中等质量中子滴线核的断裂反应

摘要 回顾了断裂反应的形式理论。详细讨论了在后形失真波 Born 近似框架内制定的直接破裂机制。在该理论中，只需要关于弹丸基态波函数的信息，碎片-目标相互作用被包含在所有阶次中，而碎片-碎片相互作用仅在一阶中被处理。我们特别强调了近中子滴线核对重核目标的破裂反应，其以纯库仑破裂机制为主。该理论适用于描述涉及球形和变形弹丸的此类反应，通过将计算与总的破裂数据进行比较来证明，能量和角度整合了此类反应中释放的碎片的横截面和动量分布。讨论了纯库仑、纯核和库仑-核干涉项在描述破裂可观察量方面的作用。详细阐述了中子晕核库仑破裂的加速后效应。纯库仑破裂机制在重靶核上的 A ( a , b γ ) X 型单中子去除反应中的作用被强调。当接近中子滴落线时，碎片的平行动量分布与幻数分解之间的关系被突出显示。讨论了纯核和库仑 - 核干涉术语来描述破裂可观察量。详细阐述了中子晕核库仑破裂的加速后效应。纯库仑破裂机制在重靶核上的 A ( a , b γ ) X 型单中子去除反应中的作用被强调。当接近中子滴落线时，碎片的平行动量分布与幻数分解之间的关系被突出显示。讨论了纯核和库仑 - 核干涉术语来描述破裂可观察量。详细阐述了中子晕核库仑破裂的加速后效应。纯库仑破裂机制在重靶核上的 A ( a , b γ ) X 型单中子去除反应中的作用被强调。当接近中子滴落线时，碎片的平行动量分布与幻数分解之间的关系被突出显示。