In this paper we use large scale spatially explicit modelling and case study based analyses to assess the links between recreational ecosystem services and the benefits for wellbeing of traditional livelihoods in the Brazilian Amazon. Our results show that, at the scale of the Brazilian Amazon, associations between recreational ecosystem services and extractivist activities of Brazil nut and rubber are very weak with no significant differences regarding Brazil nut (p = 0.61) and rubber (p = 0.41) income across the different tourism development classes. However, qualitative analysis of the case studies reveals that where there are multifunctional livelihoods, recreational ecosystem services are indeed helping to enhance non timber forest product extractivist social values that otherwise would be suppressed by prevailing “cattle ranching” lifestyles. We therefore support innovative ways to make both recreational ecosystem services and non timber forest products extraction not merely a juxtaposition of activities, but integrated into multifunctional livelihoods.

在本文中，我们使用大型空间显式建模和基于案例研究的分析来评估休闲生态系统服务与巴西亚马逊地区传统生计福利之间的联系。我们的结果表明，在巴西亚马逊地区，休闲生态系统服务与巴西坚果和橡胶的提取主义活动之间的关联非常弱，巴西坚果（p = 0.61）和橡胶（p = 0.41）的收入之间没有显着差异不同的旅游开发类别。但是，对案例研究的定性分析表明，在有多功能生计的地方，休闲生态系统服务确实在帮助提高非木材林产品的提取主义社会价值，否则这些价值将被普遍的“养牛”生活方式所抑制。