The rationale was to assess whether there are differences in multiparametric 18F-FDG PET/MRI biomarkers of contralateral healthy breast tissue in patients with benign and malignant breast tumors. Methods: In this institutional review board-approved prospective single-institution study, 141 women with imaging abnormalities on mammography or sonography (BI-RADS 4/5) underwent combined 18F-FDG PET/MRI of the breast at 3T with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging, and the radiotracer 18F-FDG. In all patients, the following imaging biomarkers were recorded for the contralateral (tumor-free) breast: breast parenchymal uptake (BPU) (from 18F-FDG PET), mean apparent diffusion coefficient (from diffusion-weighted imaging), background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), and amount of fibroglandular tissue (FGT) (from MRI). Appropriate statistical tests were used to assess differences in 18F-FDG PET/MRI biomarkers between patients with benign and malignant lesions. Results: There were 100 malignant and 41 benign lesions. BPE was minimal in 61 patients, mild in 56, moderate in 19, and marked in 5. BPE differed significantly (P < 0.001) between patients with benign and malignant lesions, with patients with cancer demonstrating decreased BPE in the contralateral tumor-free breast. FGT approached but did not reach significance (P = 0.055). BPU was 1.5 for patients with minimal BPE, 1.9 for mild BPE, 2.2 for moderate BPE, and 1.9 for marked BPE. BPU differed significantly between patients with benign lesions (mean, 1.9) and patients with malignant lesions (mean, 1.8) (P < 0.001). Mean apparent diffusion coefficient did not differ between groups (P = 0.19). Conclusion: Differences in multiparametric 18F-FDG PET/MRI biomarkers, obtained from contralateral tumor-free breast tissue, exist between patients with benign and patients with malignant breast tumors. Contralateral BPE, BPU, and FGT are decreased in breast cancer patients and may potentially serve as imaging biomarkers for the presence of malignancy.

中文翻译：

---

乳腺癌的多参数18F-FDG PET / MRI：有无乳腺癌的患者对侧健康组织的成像生物标志物是否存在差异？

理由是评估在患有良性和恶性乳腺肿瘤的患者中，对侧健康乳腺组织的多参数18F-FDG PET / MRI生物标志物是否存在差异。方法：在该机构审查委员会批准的前瞻性单机构研究中，对141例行乳房X线或超声检查有影像学异常（BI-RADS 4/5）的女性，在3T时结合18F-FDG PET / MRI对乳房进行了动态对比增强MRI，扩散加权成像和放射性示踪剂18F-FDG。在所有患者中，记录了对侧（无肿瘤）乳房的以下影像学生物标记物：乳房实质摄取（BPU）（来自18F-FDG PET），平均表观扩散系数（来自扩散加权成像），背景实质增强（ BPE）和纤维腺腺组织（FGT）的量（来自MRI）。使用适当的统计测试来评估良性和恶性病变患者之间18F-FDG PET / MRI生物标志物的差异。结果：共有100例恶性病变和41例良性病变。BPE在61例患者中最低，轻度56例，中度19例，5分。BPE在良性和恶性病变患者之间存在显着差异（P <0.001），癌症患者表现出对侧无肿瘤乳腺的BPE降低。FGT接近但未达到显着水平（P = 0.055）。最低BPE的患者的BPU为1.5，轻度BPE的患者为1.9，中度BPE的患者为2.2，明显BPE的患者为1.9。良性病变患者（平均1.9）和恶性病变患者（平均1.8）之间的BPU有显着差异（P <0.001）。组之间的平均表观扩散系数无差异（P = 0.19）。结论：良性患者和恶性乳腺癌患者从对侧无肿瘤的乳腺组织获得的多参数18F-FDG PET / MRI生物标记物之间存在差异。对侧BPE，BPU和FGT在乳腺癌患者中减少，并且可能潜在地用作恶性肿瘤的影像学生物标志物。