Social anxiety (SA) is quite common and associated with multiple comorbidities. Here, we examined the effects of working memory (WM) training on various indices potentially related to SA. Pre-selected university students with elevated self-reported SA symptoms were assigned to a WM training (n = 21) or an active control treatment condition (n = 21). Pre- and post-treatment assessments were made using questionnaires related to (social) anxiety and depression, and tasks measuring WM, interference control, and attentional biases towards, and event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by, angry faces. The training enhanced WM transfer task performance, reduced SA symptoms, and changed the amplitude of the P1, N170, P2, and N2 ERP components. However, the latter changes did not mediate the effect of WM training on SA symptoms. These data provide preliminary evidence of the usefulness of WM trainings to reduce potential indices of SA, but further research is necessary to unravel the causal relation among these indices.

中文翻译：

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工作记忆训练对脑电图、认知表现和与社交焦虑潜在相关的自我报告指数的影响

社交焦虑 (SA) 很常见，并与多种合并症有关。在这里，我们检查了工作记忆 (WM) 训练对可能与 SA 相关的各种指标的影响。自我报告的 SA 症状升高的预选大学生被分配到 WM 培训 (n = 21) 或主动控制治疗条件 (n = 21)。使用与（社交）焦虑和抑郁相关的问卷以及测量 WM、干扰控制和注意力偏差以及由愤怒面孔引起的事件相关电位 (ERP) 的任务进行治疗前和治疗后评估。训练增强了 WM 转移任务性能，减少了 SA 症状，并改变了 P1、N170、P2 和 N2 ERP 组件的幅度。然而，后者的变化并没有调节 WM 训练对 SA 症状的影响。